10, Apple icon origin (jobs and Bill Gates story) + Campsaulinas +linux graphical interface

Historical Review

cp/m--"DOS Bill Gates
Father of computer science-Turing (XXX, imprisoned, ate a poisonous apple): Steve Jobs used the bite of the apple for the reason that he adored Turing very much to commemorate Turing. Steve Jobs used Unix (the Apple system is now UNIX, and is a BSD-architected system that runs directly on hardware, so performance is better than Android)
History Introduction
Bill Gates stole Jobs's graphical interface, the original Bill Gates or DOS interface, there is a graphical interface, he thought: who still use my DOS, so embezzled Jobs's graphical interface to its DOS two times development.
Bill Gates first DOS system, stole Jobs's graphical interface.
Mr Jobs's graphical interface was actually purchased from Xerox (the copier manufacturer's design), and Bill Gates stole the two-time development of his DOS, renamed window and then sold it on a large scale, so that window would sell the market-shaped system earlier than Steve Jobs. Because Bill Gates's DOS bottom is unstable, often blue screen appears, so the rear-stage window System kernel is the VMS
And then Unix was still fighting the war.

UNIX has three kinds of machines, such as: 1. Personal machine 2. Safety Machine 3. Service machine
Now the kernel of the Apple is still the kernel Unix of FreeBSD

You must learn to look up the road.
Example: Sun company was acquired by Oracle

Linus (Campsaulinas): 1991, August
Campsaulinas created the Linus kernel when everyone needed the kernel most: 1994 linux1.0 kernel release
Mit:stallman Radicals
Free, software industry freedom Movement
Gun:gun is not Unix (recursive abbreviation)
Not UNIX, but must be executed on top of UNIX, which is ironic
GPL: general Public License License

Question: Why does our operating system have user this concept---
Using credentials: Used to identify different people with differing permissions
So a system without users is also possible
StartX & can start the graphical interface
(If you want to install a graphical interface, the flexibility of Linux is that it can start multiple graphical interfaces)
If you want to use VNC, you also need to install the graphical interface
The flexibility of Linux is that it can start multiple graphical interfaces
The terminal of the graphical interface is called the analog terminal
If you install it, a command will do.
Use Yum grouplist to view the packages that are installed
Yum Groupinstall Desktop

Linux graphical interface with three GUI (window only one graphical interface, and must be installed)
GNOME:C Development
kde:c++ Development
Xface: Simple, suitable for lightweight systems
CLi (Open Terminal):
BASH: Big Linux defaults to bash (the most powerful shell with open source)
Csh,zsh,ksh,tcsh

Either the GUI or the CLI is a shell
Gui:graphic User Interface: GUI
The desktop of Linux is called (X-window): X-Men in the movie are meant to be super, and X here is super.
Linux three types of desktops: Gnome,kde,xface
Cli:command lines Interface: Command line interface
There are many shells, such as: bash,csh,ksh,zsh
The kernel is directly interacting with the hardware, providing the way called the system call, but developers with the system call development is too difficult, so there is the API, that is, the library, also called the application interface, so that the interface as a middleware, development without directly facing the underlying hardware, development is much easier, such as shell programs , such as iOS and Android systems (interacting with the JVM and the kernel to deal with the hardware)
Library is the LIBRARY:API library is a program, but do not execute the portal, so can only be called, the underlying understanding is the function set.
IDE: Integrated development environment
There is a series of. dll files under Windows under System
In fact, is the dynamic link library, that is, the Dynamics link libraries (translation is the meaning of the library)
And under Linux it's called. So shared object
[Email protected] yum.repos.d]# ldd/bin/sed
Linux-vdso.so.1 = (0x00007fff75dd1000)
Libselinux.so.1 =/lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x00007f457f7c7000)
libc.so.6 =/lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f457f435000)
libdl.so.2 =/lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f457f230000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f457f9ec000)

10, Apple icon origin (jobs and Bill Gates story) + Campsaulinas +linux graphical interface