100 Common Linux Commands

1,echo "AA" > Test.txt and Echo "BB" >> test.txt> empties the original file and writes the contents to the file,>> the end of the file

2,chmod go+w-r/home/zhangyAdd Write permissions to group users and other users

3,TAR-TZVF test.tar.gzList archived Content

4,du-ahView file list size

5,du-shView total size of all files

6,echo ' 1+2′|bc-lMathematical operations

7,uname-aView some information such as the Linux kernel

8,badblocks-s/DEV/SDAShow progress on bad path scan

9,time CommandTo view the run time of a command

10,LS-LRTSort by the reverse of time

11,rsync-pShow progress while synchronizing

12.history-cClear History Command

13,CD-Return to last Directory

14,treeShow Directory tree

15,umount-n/mnt/hda2Force Uninstall

16,echo ~/Show user's home directory

17,echo $[5*5]Arithmetic operations

18,echo $ ((5*5))Arithmetic operations

19,eval ls;ps aux|grep httpdAll two of these commands can be executed.

20,free-mMemory is displayed in MB units

21,uptimeShows how long the system has been running, which in turn displays the following information: The current time, how long the system has been running, how many users are currently logged in, the average load of the system in the last 1 minutes, 5 minutes, and 15 minutes

22, addition Operation
[[email protected] mytest]# let a=34+3;
[Email protected] mytest]# echo $a;

23,exportView all environment variables

24,echo $PATHView a single variable

25,cmp file1 file2Comparison of file contents

26,clearClear Screen

27,echo 23423 |awk-re-interval '/[0-9]{3,}/'If you do not add re-interval, do not display

28,calGet a neat calendar format

29,wc-lCount rows, wc-w statistical words

30,echo "Aadcbd23〃|tr" [A-Z] "" [A-z] "uppercase lowercase, echo" aadcbdc23〃|tr-c b-d =Replace a string other than b-d with =

31,echo "ADSF" | iconv-f utf8-t GBKConvert character from UTF8 to gbk-f is from and shorthand,-t like terminal shorthand

32,cat-n FileLine numbers are displayed in front of the content

33,chattr +i FileRead-only, and the root user cannot modify it

34,lsattr FileView file properties

35,cat/etc/passwd |awk-f: ' {print $} 'View all users in the system

36,cat/etc/groupView all groups in the system

37,groupsBefore checking the current user, all groups

38,usermod-gGroup name user//This way is overridden in a way that uses the time to be careful if User A is a sex in MySQL usermod-gphp mysql such words only
It belongs to PHP,

39,usermod-g Group name userThis way is increased by the way that if user A is in MySQL usermod-g php mysql so, MySQL belongs to 2 groups

40,BCGo into the math calculation

41,umask 003The U permission is the 7,g permission is 7, the other user is 4, that is 774,777-003=774

42,mkfs-t Vfat/dev/hda6Format a partition of a removable hard drive into VFAT format

43,mount/dev/cdrom/media/cdromMount CDROM

44,getent Group 532To find group information by group ID

45,lastLogin successful user record

46,lastbLogon unsuccessful user record

47,dump-s/dev/sda2Check the capacity you want to back up the/dev/sda2

48,dump-0j-f/dev/hda2/sda2_bak.dump.bz2/dev/sda2To back up and compress the Sda2

49,restore-t-f/dev/hda2/sda2_bak.dumpView backup Information

50,restore-r-f/dev/hda2/sda2_bak.dumpRestoring a backup

51,fc-listTo view the fonts installed in the system

52,find./-type f-exec grep-q "root" {} \;-exec echo {} \;Find the string contained in the file under the directory

53,vmstat 5Every 5 times System information is displayed, CPU,MEMORY,I/O, etc.

54,top after shift + PThe sorted display of the occupied process

55,top after shift + MThe sorted display of the occupied memory

56,iptraf-gView traffic for each interface

57,ostat-d-x/dev/sda2 2Use Iostat to see disk I/O for disk/dev/sda2, refreshed every two seconds

paste-sd ' | | | \ n ' TestEach 4 lines of the file are converted to 1 lines, separated by |

59,lsof-i:Know what program 22 port is running now

60,lsof-c ABCDisplays the files that the ABC process now opens

61,lsof-pSee what files are open for processes with process number 12

63,routeViewing routing information

64,ifupTurn on the NIC

65,ifdownTurn off the NIC

66,route del-net 172.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 Dev eth0Delete 172.168 this network segment

67,route add-net 172.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0Add a route

68,NETSTAT-TUNLList the network service ports that are listening

69,netstat-tunList Connected Network Service ports

70,nmap-sp 172.30.4.0/24How many users are operating on my console in this network segment, a good security check tool

71,vgdisplayView available space in the system

72,lvextend-l+20g/dev/tank/part1Add 20G of space to this part1 partition

73,lvresize-l-10g/dev/tank/part2Reduce 10G of space to the Part2 partition

74,pvdisplayView disk Information

75,mplayer-loop 10/mnt/song/music/flowers are blooming. mp3Play 10 times in a loop

76,pacman-s firefox-ndnd Remove Dependency

77,wget-cBreakpoint Download

78,chroot/mnt/ubuntuChanging the root directory to/mnt/ubuntu

79,ctrl+acommand line, the cursor is called to the beginning

80,ctrl+eAt the end of the command line, the cursor moves

81,cut-d:-F 1-4 TestUse: Split the file, take the split 1-4 columns

82,file/home/zhangy/test.phpSome basic information for viewing a file

83,touch test.txtCreate an empty file Text.txt

84,htpasswd-cbd/usr/local/nginx/conf/authfileCreate an Access control file

85,DFView disk space, and the current number of disks

86,fdisk-lView all disks

87,alsamixerAfter entering, the M key can be used for mute

88,killall httpdKill all the httpd processes.

89,killall-9 Mysqld_safeSome process super users can not stop, 9 is forced to delete

90,mirror/mysqlDownload MySQL Directory

91,mirror-r/mysqlUpload MySQL Directory

92,rmmod PCSPKRTurn off the tab beep

93,modprobe PCSPKRTurn on the tab beep

94,gpasswd-a zhangy WheelAdd zhangy This user to the wheel group

95,dd if=/dev/zero of=/virtual/ubuntu.virt.img bs=1m count=4096Create an IMG image of 4G

96,lspicdisplaying PCI devices

97,lsusbdisplaying USB devices

98,history |Less root more like a little more comfortable

99,ln-sIf you forget-s, it becomes a hard link.

100,tar zxvf test.tar.gz-c/home/zhangyExtract content to the specified directory

100 Common Linux Commands