18 typical mistakes of photography beginners

In photography practice, beginners with insufficient experience often make some mistakes. I will list 18 common mistakes for beginners, briefly analyze the causes of the mistakes, and propose preventive methods for beginners.

1. Four corners of the photo taken with a wide-angle lens are black

The main reason is that the flashlight coverage does not match the angle of view of the wide-angle lens. The Flash coverage of the old-fashioned flash design can only be matched with a small wide-angle lens of 35mm. The field of view angle of the 28mm wide-angle lens is 12 degrees greater than that of the 35mm lens, so that the screen is not affected by the light and black. There are two ways to prevent it. One is to add a light cover to the light so that the flash will become a scattered light to expand the coverage; the other is to mask the light with white gauze so that the light will be scattered, make the entire screen even.

2. Blurred screen tone

After eliminating the problems such as no camera fault and shaking hands, check whether the camera is covered by dust or stained with stains. In this case, do not use your mouth or towel. Use a balloon to blow off the dust on the lens, then use the lens brush to wipe the debris, and finally use the lens paper to make the lens bright as new. If there are still sweat stains, fingerprints and grease, you need to send the camera repair shop to use the lens cleaning liquid to clear it carefully.

3. The subject is vague and the background is clear and identifiable

There are two possibilities: one is that when you focus manually on the camera, the focus is not focused on the main body or the main body, and the position is moved in the diagram, not re-focus, so that the subject is not within the depth of field; second, when the Auto Focus camera is used, the focus is not "locked" by the shutter and then re-formed, so that the focus is moved elsewhere in the diagram.

4. The first few rows of group photos are clear and the last few rows are blurred.

When taking multiple photos in multiple rows, to ensure that everyone's images are clear, three points must be made: first, selective focus. Select the second line of focus for a group photo with five people. Select the third line of focus for a group photo with seven people. The second is the aperture do not set too large, generally to f4-8 is appropriate, to ensure that there is enough depth of field. Third, the shutter speed should not be less than 1/60 seconds, so that someone may turn the head to make the image blurred.

5. No film exposure

There are two main reasons: first, when shooting the camera, the camera forgot to reveal the Lens cover. The scene in the camera is clear, but the imaging light did not enter the camera, and the film was not photosensitive. Second, the 135 SLR camera is not in place for manual slice. When the slice is being rolled, do not check whether the axis of the dark box is rotated. Due to the slide of the title, even though the shutter is on the string and the counter is counted as usual, the film is not moved in the dark box. Although the counter shows 36 shots, there is actually no film.

6. There are shadows in the four corners of the photo.

There are two main reasons: first, the shadow does not match the lens focal length. Using a 50mm standard lens for a 28mm focal length wide-angle lens will block the light entering the lens. Because the header's viewing angle is 47 degrees, the 28mm wide angle lens's viewing angle is 75 degrees. Second, when shooting with a 28mm wide angle lens, there was a UV mirror on the original camera. For example, if you wear another mirror, because the mirror was made of two pieces of glass, the border was thick, in addition, the border of the UV mirror will inevitably block the light that enters the lens and make the four corners of the photo black. If you need a mirror when shooting with a wide angle mirror, you must first unload the UV mirror and then install the mirror, in order to make the picture even by the light.

7. Adjust the shadow to a whitelist or blacklist, and there is no shadow level.

No matter whether the photo is black or white, only accurate exposure can produce bright shadows and rich layers. When the photo is white, the impression is too high; when the photo is black, the impression is insufficient. The in-device metering system is designed based on a 18% moderate gray reflectivity. It can make the exposure of most scenes accurate and color reproduction. However, in the case of some special light or scenes, you need to modify the light measurement. For example, if you do not add 1.5-2 levels of exposure to a snow scene, the white snow will become gray. For example, if you do not reduce the exposure of 1.5-2 levels, the black coal will become dark gray. No matter how advanced the camera is, there is no thinking function, and it will only process all the scenes in a gray tone with a counter rate of 18%.

8. The photos taken with an electronic flash are still underexposed.

There are two reasons: first, the aperture is set to too small. The flash speed is generally more than 1/1000 seconds, and the shutter has lost its light control function, mainly relying on the aperture size to control the exposure. If there is no automatic flashlight, you must calculate the aperture coefficient first. Second, insufficient flashlight power. The new flashlight needs to be filled and discharged more than 10 times, so that the capacitor in the lamp can be used after being active. The old flashlight charging signal light is only charged for 70%. After being ignited for 10 seconds, it can be fully powered for normal use.

9. Half of the pictures taken by the SLR camera with a flashlight are black.

This is because the shutter and flashlight of the SLR camera are not synchronized. When taking a photo with a flashlight, pay attention to the flash synchronization of the camera (different camera speeds ).

10. The portrait photo has a clear background and a dark face

First, the average light was used for Backlight shooting, but the face was not refreshed. Second, the background was bright (snow, desert, and beach) and the data recommended by the light was used for exposure, moderate background exposure and insufficient profile exposure. There are three solutions to this: one is to use a flashlight to fill the Light of the character; the other is to increase the exposure level 1-2 on the basis of the light measurement; the third is to approach the person's face to measure the light, after "locking" the exposure volume (use the metering memory button or change to manual exposure), return to the original position diagram, focus, and shooting.

11. group photos with incomplete surrounding figures

There are two situations: one is that the parallax is ignored when the camera is used for the same view, and the screen is too full; the other is that although there is no parallax, there is no room for the four sides of the screen, some pictures were pressed around during the printing expansion, and the color Expansion Machine only printed around 95% of the negative image. Therefore, no matter what camera is used, there must be room for making a picture. Do not fill up the screen with images.

12. Scratches on the photo

There may be two possible causes of scratches on the negative. First, the old dark box used for large-disc split-mounting volumes was contaminated, and there was sand in the velvet cloth at the exit, which scratched the film. Second, there was a glitch on the tablet board behind the camera, and the film was scratched. Before using the package, it is best to indent the titles into a dark box, and use a blow balloon and a brush to carefully clean the flannel at the outboard, and then use the titles. If there is a glitch on the tablet of the camera, you can use a small piece of 0 sandpaper to sharpen it carefully (Be sure not to grind the paint film on the tablet ).

13. The entire photo is blue

First, the color temperature is very high. In cloudy or thin clouds, the natural light color temperature is as high as 7000-12000 K, and the school color filter is not used. Second, the surrounding light reflects the environment, such as dense forest shadows or huge blue advertisements and curtain walls. The solution is to use a color drop filter (85B) to take a picture. If there is a blue ambient light reflection nearby, move it to the Open venue as much as possible.

14. The entire photo is highlighted in Orange

In either of the following three cases, the photo may be highlighted in red. (1) The daylight color film is used in the light, and the color temperature conversion filter is not used. (2) The color temperature of the morning and evening sunlight is only 3200 K, and the low color temperature is orange-red; (3) there are huge red advertisements or red buildings around it, reflecting the red light.

15. Strong projection on the back of a portrait shot with a flashlight

Camera flash shooting. If a person is very close to the background, a black projection is displayed on the background. There are three solutions: one is that the figure is farther away from the background, so that the projection falls on the ground; the other is to remove the flashlight and use a soft line connection for lateral side flash shooting; third, use light-colored ceilings or walls for reflection and flash shooting.

16. Use a flashlight, like eye red

The red eye is prone to camera flash in the weak light. The reason is that in the dark light, the pupil of the human eye is enlarged, the flash light is suddenly exposed, the pupil is too late to contract, and the strong light is direct to the retina, the blood red of the visual nerve will appear on the photo to form a "red eye ". There are four ways to overcome them: one is to remove the flashlight and use a soft wire to connect the lateral flash; the other is to make the recipient's eyes not to look directly at the camera lens; the third is to let the photographer watch the light, window and other strong light source for three minutes or pre-flashing and re-shooting; the fourth is to use the flash with the anti-red eye function.

17. shutter stripes on the TV screen

China's TV system transmits 25 images per second. If the shutter speed is higher than 1/30 seconds, shutter stripes will appear. For a normal camera to take a TV screen, the shutter should take 1/15 seconds.

18. The snow scene is dimmed, and the snow is not white

This is caused by insufficient exposure. The ground in the snow is very reflective, and the metering table still sets the exposure combination according to the 18% reflective ratio, which will restore the snow scene to a medium gray tone. For example, if the light is measured on average or partial to the central light, the light is not exposed for 1-2 levels, and the snow becomes light gray. The solution is to increase the exposure level by 1-2 according to the metering readings (enable a large aperture of 1-2 files or reduce the shutter speed of 1-2 files) to compensate.