2-19-Build a Web site using Apache

1 building a Test Web server

Case:

Department built a Web server, the use of IP address and port for 192.168.10.34:80, home using index.html

File. The Administrator e-mail address is [email protected], the encoding type of the Web page is UTF-8, all the site resources are stored in the/var/www/html directory, and the Apache configuration file root directory is set to/ETC/HTTPD directory.

[[Email protected] ~] #yum-yinstall httpd

[[Email protected] ~] #vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

To modify configuration file related parameters:

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf #以下参数需要我们掌握

ServerRoot "/ETC/HTTPD" #apache配置文件的根目录

Timeout #超时时间, number of seconds before receiving and sending

136 Listen #监听的端口

262 ServerAdmin [email protected] #设置管理员, e-mail address

277 ServerName 192.168.1.163:80 #服务器主机名.

293 DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" #网站页面根目录

Options Indexes followsymlinks #当一个目录没有默认首页时, allowing this directory list to be displayed

Disable Apache from displaying a list of directory structures, just remove the Indexes in Option

403 directoryindex index.html index.html.var# Specify default home page

Coding:

Adddefaultcharset UTF-8 # Setting the default encoding for the server is: UTF-8

2 uncheck the Apache default Welcome page:

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf

#

# This configuration fileenables the default "Welcome"

# page If there is NoDefault index page present for

# The root URL. To disable the Welcome page, comment

# Out of all the linesbelow.

#

#<locationmatch "^/+$" > #把红色内容进行注释

# options-indexes

# ErrorDocument 403/error/noindex.html

#</locationmatch>

Restart:

[[Email protected]~]# service httpd restart

Create the home page file:

[[email protected] ~]# echo ' Welcome to www.xuegod.cn ' >/var/www/html/index.html

3 using RPM to build the lamp environment

LAMP = Linux+apache+mysql Database +php

[email protected] ~]# yum install httpd mysql-server php php-mysql

Test database:

[[Email protected] ~]# service mysqld start

Starting mysqld: [OK]

[Email protected] ~]# chkconfig mysqld on

[[email protected] ~]# MySQL

mysql> show databases;

Mysql> exit;

Bye

[Email protected] ~]# cd/var/www/html/

[Email protected] html]# vim index.php

<?php

Phpinfo ();

?>

To restart the Apache service:

[Email protected] html]# service httpd restart

stopping httpd: [OK]

Starting httpd: [OK]

MaxClients #设置客户端最大连接数为 256

4 Modify the Web site root directory and corresponding parameters, set access rights

Set the document directory to/var/www/html/bbs

Directory and Access control:

<directory "/var/www/html/bbs" > #子目录会继承这个目录的属性

Options followsymlinks #Options: Indexes: Directory Browse #Followsymlinks: can be connected

Allowoverridenone #不允许任何Override

Orderallow,deny

Allow FROM192.168.1.0/24 #从哪里来的允许

Deny from 192.168.1.0/24 #从哪里来的拒绝

Allow from. baidu.com

#Allow, Deny is read, and if there is a conflict and is not stated, follow the one that follows the order option comma.

Who writes to the back, who has a high priority.

</Directory>

Configuring the Restart Apache Service

If the error is checked, is the directory created?

Test:

Service httpd Restart #拒绝

5 Use the alias feature to refer to a path other than the root directory of the Web site

Add the/usr/local/phpmyadmin directory through the virtual directory feature to the Web site root directory. When you access http://192.168.1.63/phpmyadmin/, you can access the contents of the directory/usr/local/phpmyadmin.

Note: Apache aliases are also called virtual directories

Grammar:

Alias URL Path Physical path

Creating test catalogs and data

[Email protected] ~]# mkdir/usr/local/phpmyadmin

[Email protected] ~]# cp-r/boot/grub//usr/local/phpmyadmin/

[Email protected] ~]# echo "Test1" >/usr/local/phpmyadmin/a.html

Modifying a configuration file

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Alias/phpmyadmin "/usr/local/phpmyadmin/"

<directory "/usr/local/phpmyadmin/" >

Options Indexes multiviews FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride None

Order Allow,deny

Allow from all

</Directory>

Note: alias/phpmyadmin/"/usr/local/phpmyadmin/" #/phpmyadmin/can be arbitrarily up. For example, change/phpmyadmin/to/php/then access the link: http://192.168.1.63/php/

Access http://192.168.1.63/phpmyadmin/suppresses directory listing when no default home page is present in a directory

To modify a configuration file:

[[email protected] conf]# vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf # Modify Red tag content

alias/phpmyadmin/"/usr/local/phpmyadmin/"

<directory "/usr/local/phpmyadmin/" >

Options-indexes followsymlinks #在Indexes Front plus-minus sign, this directory does not have the default home page, the directory is forbidden to display

Allowoverridenone

Orderdeny,allow

Allow from all

</Directory>

6 Open Soft link feature

Directly referencing content outside the Web site's root directory via soft links

[Email protected] ~]# MKDIR/WEB2

[Email protected] ~]# echo test1 >/web2/a.html

[Email protected] ~]# ln-s/web2//var/www/html/web2

[Email protected] ~]# rm-rf/var/www/html/index.html

[Email protected] ~]# rm-rf/var/www/html/index.php

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

[Email protected] ~]# service httpd restart

stopping httpd: [OK]

Starting httpd: [OK]

7 The/usr/local/phpmyadmin/directory under the website is protected by the user authentication method. Set the/usr/local/phpmyadmin/directory to be accessed only by user name password.

Method One:

alias/phpmyadmin/"/usr/local/phpmyadmin/"

<directory "/usr/local/phpmyadmin/" >

Options Indexesfollowsymlinks

Allowoverridenone

Orderdeny,allow

Allow from all

AuthType Basic #基本认证

AuthName "MySQL admin Software"

Authuserfile/etc/httpd/conf/passwd.secret #密文配置文件路径

#require Usertom

#require Usertom Bob

Require Valid-user #有效用户

</Directory>

Restart Apache Access http://192.168.1.63/phpmyadmin authentication

Generate an authentication account and password

[[Email protected] ~] #htpasswd-cm/etc/httpd/conf/passwd.secret Man

New Password:

Re-type New Password:

Adding Password for user mans

Verify:

Method Two:

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

<directory "/usr/local/phpmyadmin/" >

Options Indexes multiviews FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride None

Order Allow,deny

Allow from all

AllowOverride authconfig

</Directory>

# allowoverride Authconfig line indicates that user authentication is allowed for files in the/usr/local/phpmyadmin/directory.

[Email protected] ~]# vim/usr/local/phpmyadmin/.htaccess

AuthType Basic

AuthName "MySQL admin software by. htaccess"

Authuserfile/etc/httpd/conf/passwd.secret

#require User Tom

Require Valid-user

8 Configure Apache Virtual host to run multiple websites on a single server

Apache Virtual host implementations are available in three ways:

1. Through different IP addresses

2, through the different domain name

3, through a different port number

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Change:

#NameVirtualHost *:80

For:

Namevirtualhost*:80

8.1 Resolving different domain names with different IP addresses

Add IP to the server (another domain name resolution)

[Email protected] ~]# ifconfigeth0:1 192.168.1.65

[Email protected] ~]# Mkdir/var/www/html/bbs

[Email protected] ~]# echo "bbs.xuegod.cn" >/var/www/html/bbs/index.html

[Email protected] ~]# echo "www.xuegod.cn" >/var/www/html/index.html

Modify Httpd.conf

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

<VirtualHost192.168.10.63:80>

ServerAdmin [email protected]

documentroot/var/www/html/

ServerName www.xuegod.cn

Errorlog Logs/www.xuegod.cn-error_log

Customlog Logs/www.xuegod.cn-access_logcommon

</VirtualHost>

<virtualhost 192.168.10.65:80>

ServerAdmin [email protected]

documentroot/var/www/html/bbs/

ServerName bbs.xuegod.cn

Errorlog Logs/bbs.xuegod.cn-error_log

Customlog Logs/bbs.xuegod.cn-access_logcommon

</VirtualHost>

Restart Service

Service httpd Restart

Test:

8.2 Configuring a virtual host with a different domain name

#vim httpd.conf

Namevirtualhost *:80

<VirtualHostwww.xuegod63.cn>

ServerAdmin [email protected]

documentroot/var/www/html/

ServerName www.xuegod.cn

Errorlog Logs/www.xuegod.cn-error_log

Customlog Logs/www.xuegod.cn-access_logcommon

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHostbbs.xuegod63.cn>

ServerAdmin [email protected]

documentroot/var/www/html/bbs/

ServerName bbs.xuegod.cn

Errorlog Logs/bbs.xuegod.cn-error_log

Customlog Logs/bbs.xuegod.cn-access_logcommon

</VirtualHost>

Restart Service

Service httpd Restart

Modify the computer Hosts file C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts for parsing:

192.168.10.34 www.xuegod63.cn

192.168.10.34 bbs.xuegod63.cn

Test:

8.3 Configuring a virtual host with different ports

[Email protected] conf]# vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Change:

Listen 80

For:

Listen 80

Listen 81

#更改为你要添加的端口

Create 2 more Virtual hosts

<virtualhost *:80>

ServerAdmin [email protected]

documentroot/var/www/html/

ServerName www.xuegod.cn

Errorlog Logs/www.xuegod.cn-error_log

Customlog Logs/www.xuegod.cn-access_logcommon

</VirtualHost>

<virtualhost *:81>

ServerAdmin [email protected]

documentroot/var/www/html/bbs/

ServerName bbs.xuegod.cn

Errorlog Logs/bbs.xuegod.cn-error_log

Customlog Logs/bbs.xuegod.cn-access_logcommon

</VirtualHost>

Restart Service

Service httpd Restart

Verify:

Http://192.168.10.34:80

http://192.168.10.34:81

2-19-Build a Web site using Apache