2.6.X Kernel configuration description

Article Title: 2.6.X Chinese description of Kernel configuration. Linux is a technology channel of the IT lab in China. Includes basic categories such as desktop applications, Linux system management, kernel research, embedded systems, and open source.
　　 Code maturity level options (Code maturity level)
　　
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Code maturity level options --->
[*] Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers
[*] Select only drivers expected to compile cleanly
　　
1. prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers.
　　
This option is selected by default. The code and driver that are still being developed or not completed are displayed on the settings page. you should select it because many devices may have to select this option for configuration. In fact, it is safe.
　　
2. Select only drivers expected to compile cleanly (NEW)
　　
If you select this option, you will not see some known problematic driver options, which are also selected by default. If you have a device that does not find the driver option, you can remove this option, or you can find the relevant driver, but it may have a BUG.
　　
. General setup (General property settings)
　　
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General setup --->
() Local version-append to kernel release
[*] Support for paging of anonymous memory (swap)
[*] System V IPC
[*] POSIX Message Queues
[*] BSD Process Accounting
[*] BSD Process Accounting version 3 file format
[*] Sysctl support
[] Auditing support
(15) Kernel log buffer size (16 => 64KB, 17 => 128KB)
[*] Support for hot-pluggable devices
[*] Kernel Userspace Events
[*] Kernel. config support
[*] Configure standard kernel features (for small systems) --->
　　
Support for paging of anonymous memory (swap) (NEW)
　　
This option will enable your kernel to support virtual memory, that is, make your computer seem to have more memory spaces than the actual memory to execute large programs. It is selected by default.
　　
System V IPC
　　
Provides a communication mechanism for processes, which enables information exchange and synchronization between processes in the system. Some programs can run only when Y is selected.
　　
POSIX Message Queues
　　
This is a POSIX message queue, which is also an IPC. We recommend that you select it.
　　
BSD Process Accounting
　　
This allows the user process to access the kernel and write account information into the file. This is generally considered a good idea,
　　
Sysctl support
　　
This option does not recompile the kernel to modify certain kernel parameters and variables. If you select/proc, you can access the parameters or variables that affect the kernel from/proc/sys. We recommend that you select it.
　　
Auditing support
　　
Audit support, used to work with some sub-modules of the kernel, such as SELinux. Only this item and its subitem can be selected to call the system call for review.
　　
Kernel log buffer size (16 => 64 KB 17 => 128 KB)
　　
Kernel log cache size
　　
Kernel Userspace Events
　　
The kernel is divided into system zone and user zone. Here, the system zone and user zone are used for communication.
　　
Kernel. config support
　　
Save the. config configuration information in the kernel. Select it and its sub-item so that other users can get the Kernel configuration from/proc.
　　
Configure standard kernel features (for small systems)
　　
This is used to compile some special kernels. You can skip this option.
　　
. Loadable module support (loading module options)
　　
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Loadable module support --->
[*] Enable loadable module support
[*] Module unloading
[*] Module versioning support (EXPERIMENTAL)
[] Source checksum for all modules
[*] Automatic kernel module loading
　　
Enable loadable module support
　　
Many people prefer to compile all functions and hardware into the kernel instead of using modules. With module support, your system can be better scalable. Another reason is the function module and Device Driver Module compiled by myself (assuming the writing quality is not high) the probability that the Kernel Panic is working in the module mode is much lower than that in which all modules are not supported to be compiled into the Kernel.
　　
Module unloading
　　
If this function is not selected, the loaded modules cannot be uninstalled. There is nothing to explain. It is recommended that you choose.
　　
Module versioning support (EXPERIMENTAL)
　　
This feature allows you to use kernel modules of other versions.
　　
Source checksum for all modules
　　
This function is used to prevent version conflicts caused by code changes to the kernel module but the version number is not changed.
　　
Automatic kernel module loading
　　
This option allows the kernel to automatically load some modules. We recommend that you select this option. For example, the eth1394 module depends on the ieee1394 module. If this option is selected, you can directly load the module eth1394. If this option is not selected, you must first load the module ieee1394 and then load the module eth1394. Otherwise, an error will occur.
　　
. Processor type and features (Processor type and features)
　　
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Subarchitecture Type (PC-compatible) --->
Processor family (386) --->
[] Generic x86 support
[*] HPET Timer Support
[*] Hierarchical Ric multi-processing support
[] Preemptible Kernel
[] Local APIC support on uniprocessors
[] Machine Check Exception
[] Check for non-fatal errors on AMD Athlon/Duron/Intel Pentium
<M> toshba Laptop support
<M> Dell laptop support
<>/Dev/cpu/microcode-Intel IA32 CPU microcode support
<>/Dev/cpu/*/msr-Model-specific register support
<>/Dev/cpu/*/cpuid-CPU information support
Firmware Drivers --->
High Memory Support (off) --->
[] Math emulation
[*] MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support
[] Use register arguments (EXPERIMENTAL)
　　
Subarchitecture Type
　　
There is nothing to say about it. If you use a PC, choose this one.
　　
Processor family (386)
　　
That's nothing to say. Just select the processor corresponding to your machine.
　　
Generic x86 support
　　
This option is more optimized for x86 series CPUs. If you select i386 or i586 in the previous item, select this option.
　　
HPET Timer Support
　　
HPET is the next generation clock processor that replaces 8254 chips. Here you can choose this option safely. If the hardware is not supported, the 8254 clock processor will still be used.
　　
Symmetric multi-processing support
　　
Symmetric multi-processor support. If you do not select this option on a single-CPU machine, it will be faster. Because of hyper-Threading Technology, it seems to be two CPUs, because you have to choose this option.
　　
Preemptible Kernel
　　
This option makes the application reliable even when the kernel is under high load. It is recommended that you select this option.
　　
Local APIC support on uniprocessors
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Machine Check Exception
　　
This option can notify the kernel when the CPU detects a system fault.
　　
Check for non-fatal errors on AMD Athlon/Duron/Intel Pentium
　　
Enabling this option will check for possible problems on your machine. If a non-fatal error occurs, it will be automatically repaired and recorded. This will help you find out the cause of the problem, is a good option.
　　
Toshiba Laptop support
　　
Support for the toshba current
　　
Dell laptop suppor
　　
Dell support
　　
/Dev/cpu/microcode-Intel IA32 CPU microcode support
　　
This option allows you to use IA32 microcode that is not released with the Linux kernel, but you must have a binary file with IA32 microcode.
　　
/Dev/cpu/*/msr-Model-specific register support
　　
This option allows the privileged CPU to access the MSR register of x86. Because hyper-threading is not a real multi-processor environment, do not select this one.
　　
/Dev/cpu/*/cpuid-CPU information support
　　
This option can obtain the unique identifier of the cpu from/dev/CPU/x/cpuid
　　
High Memory Support (off)
　　
If you have large memory capacity (more than 4 GB), you need to select it so that the kernel can use this part of memory. Even if you don't, this part will always be OFF. If you have it, you should be ON.
　　
Math emulation
　　
It is estimated that no one has 386 or 486SX processors now.
　　
MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support
　　
In the Intel p6 family processor (Ppro, PII, and updated), there is a memory type range register that can be used to control the memory range accessed by the processor. Enabling it can improve the display performance of the video card.
　　
　　 . Power management options (ACPI, APM) (Power management)
　　
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[*] Power Management support
[] Power Management Debug Support
[] Software Suspend (EXPERIMENTAL)
ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) Support --->
APM (Advanced Power Management) BIOS Support --->
CPU Frequency scaling --->
　　
Power Management support
　　
There is nothing to say about power management. If you don't want to waste electricity, choose power management. If you do not select this option, you can skip this part.
　　
Power Management Debug Support
　　
Debugging information support for power management. Do not select this option if you do not want to debug the kernel related to power management.
　　
Software Suspend (EXPERIMENTAL)
　　
Sleep to the hard disk. That is, to write the memory into the swap partition, you can use the resume =/dev/swappartition parameter (for example, resume =/dev/hda6) to restore the status of the last machine running at the next start. This feature is useful for machines that start many services during system boot and saves startup time. Select this function based on your needs. If you choose this function, remember to restore sleep and redo the swap partition.
　　
ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) Support --->
　　
Enter the ACPI power management configuration page from here. Note that ACPI and APM cannot be used at the same time. If both are configured, if a working ACPI device is found during system startup, APM will be disabled and ACPI will be loaded.
　　
APM (Advanced Power Management) BIOS Support --->
　　
Support for advanced power management. Generally, you can choose not to select a notebook or a desktop.
　　
CPU Frequency scaling --->
　　
This option allows you to change the CPU clock speed to reduce the clock speed when the CPU is low load or when the battery is used to save power.
　　
　　 . Bus options (PCI, PCMCIA, EISA, MCA, ISA)
　　
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[*] PCI support
PCI access mode (Any) --->
[] PCI Express support
[] Legacy/proc/pci interface
[] PCI device name database
[] ISA support
[] EISA support
[] Vesa Local Bus priming
[] Generic PCI/EISA bridge
[] EISA virtual root device
[] EISA device name database
[] MCA support
[] Legacy mca api Support
[] Support For the mca entry in/proc
[] NatSemi SCx200 support
PCCARD (PCMCIA/carcard) support --->
PCI Hotplug Support --->
　　
PCI support
　　
PCI support. If the PCI slot is used, it is required.
　　
PCI access mode (Any)
　　
Select Any. MMConfig is used first, BIOS is used, and Direct is used to detect PCI devices.
　　
PCI Express support
PCI Express bus support
　　
Legacy/proc/pci interface
　　
Whether to use the information file in the/proc/pci directory to describe the information of the PCI device. Most of the current systems use the lspci tool to obtain such information.
　　
PCI device name database
　　
If you do not plan to use the lspci tool, select this one and the above one. Both lspci and hotplug do not need the device information library in the kernel.
　　
ISA support
　　
If you do not have an old ISA Device and the old ISA slot supports this device
　　
EISA suppor
　　
Extended industrial bus support
　　
Vesa Local Bus priming
　　
The ESA bus is also a type of extended industrial bus that has been replaced by PCI, so you do not need to choose
　　
Generic PCI/EISA bridge
　　
The bridge between PCI and EISA Bus
　　
EISA virtual root device
　　
EISA virtual root device
　　
EISA device name database
　　
EISA device information library in the kernel
　　
MCA support
　　
(IBM's Dongdong) micro-channel bus. This bus may be used on IBM desktops and laptops, including its pseries, E series, and z series machines.
　　
Legacy mca api Support
.
　　
Support For the mca entry in/proc
.
　　
NatSemi SCx200 support
　　
If you don't know what to do here, say N.
　　
PCCARD (PCMCIA/carcard) support --->
　　
Generally, only a laptop has a PCMCIA slot. If you are a desktop computer, you can leave this option empty.
　　
PCI Hotplug Support --->
　　
Supports hot swapping of PCI.
　　
. Executable file formats (Executable file Format)
　　
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[] Kernel support for ELF binaries
[] Kernel support for a. out and ECOFF binaries
[] Kernel support for MISC binaries
　　
Kernel support for ELF binaries
　　
Of course, y, because at present all gcc2.7.0 and above support ELF. If this option is not selected, a considerable number of programs may be used and thus cannot be executed.
　　
Kernel support for a. out and ECOFF binaries
　　
A. the out execution file is an old executable code used in earlier UNIX systems. in Linux, this code was also used to execute programs until the executable code in ELF format is displayed, with the advantages of the ELF format, the program code becomes the executable code of ELF. in the future, it is bound to completely replace. the executable code in the out format. but at present, because many programs have not been replaced, we have to choose Y. When one day, all the programs will become the world of ELF, then they will be disable.
　　
Kernel support for MISC binaries
　　
Can you support it? E Class binary execution files (such as Java, Python... etc )? G to the kernel or into the module are OK
　　
　　 . Device Drivers
　　
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[*] Generic Driver Options --->
[] Memory Technology Devices (MTD) --->
[] Parallel port support --->
[] Plug and Play support --->
[] Block devices --->
[] ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL support --->
[] SCSI device support --->
[] Old CD-ROM drivers (not SCSI, not IDE) --->
[] Multi-device support (RAID and LVM) --->
[] Fusion MPT device support --->
[] IEEE 1394 (FireWire) support --->
[] I2O device support --->
[] Networking support --->
[] ISDN subsystem --->
[] Telephony support --->
[] Input device support --->
[] Character devices --->
[] I2C support --->
[] Dallas's 1-wire bus --->
[] Misc devices --->
[] Multimedia devices --->
[] Graphics support --->
[] Sound --->
[] USB support --->
[] MMC/SD card support --->
[] InfiniBand support --->
　　
Generic Driver Options
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Memory Technology Devices (MTD)
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Parallel port support
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Plug and Play support
Hot swapping support, of course, should be selected.
　　
Block devices
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ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL support
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SCSI device support
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The Old CD-ROM drivers (not SCSI, not IDE)
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Multi-device support (RAID and LVM)
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Fusion MPT device support
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IEEE 1394 (FireWire) support
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I2O device support
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Networking support
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ISDN subsystem
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Telephony support
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Input device support
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Character devices
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I2C support
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Dallas's 1-wire bus
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Misc devices
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Multimedia devices
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Graphics support
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Sound
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USB support
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MMC/SD card support
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InfiniBand support
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