4 kinds of lenses for special photographic subjects

Macro Mirror

　　

Example of a macro mirror: af-s VR micro-nikkor 105mm f/2.8g if-ed

　　

The macro lens (macro lens) is a special lens for macro photography and has a high magnification of the lens, which is mainly used to shoot very fine objects such as flowers and insects.

The so-called lens magnification, meaning that the image on the sensor and its true size ratio, usually lens magnification to 1:1 to be called on the macro mirror. The macro mirror has a very short focusing distance so it can be photographed at a very close distance so that the subject is magnified.

The macro mirror has several characteristics

Focal segment

A macro mirror is usually a fixed-focus lens. The common macro-lens focal length is usually around 100mm. At the same magnification, the lens of the long focal length can be taken farther than the short focal length, so it is more suitable for ecological shooting; instead, if used to shoot dead objects or portraits, you can use lenses with shorter focal lengths.

Aperture

At high magnification (e.g. near 1:1), the lens loss of light will be more serious, so the maximum aperture value will decrease when focusing at close range.

(if you want to try the macro fun, and do not want to waste money to buy a macro lens, you can see this article) can also be used in other ways, such as in the mirror plus extension tube or lens front-end plus amplification filter to achieve a close-up effect. The former changes the fuselage structure to shorten its recent focusing distance, and has little effect on the imaging quality. The latter principle is to add a magnifying glass to enlarge the image, but because of the addition of a filter, the impact on the imaging quality must be relatively large. You don't want to spend money? You can try the back and forth lens on the fuselage (the manual is fixed or the reverse link), you will have a big surprise ...

Fish Glasses

　　

(Manuel R)

Fish glasses are a special super wide-angle lens, with a general angle of view close to or equal to 180°, or even a higher angle of view of the lens.

Compared to the same wide range of wide-angle lenses, good wide-angle lenses will have a good variant control, but fish glasses are the opposite of the road, imaging has a very serious barrel variant, barrel-shaped variant refers to imaging become increasingly "round." This is the special visual effect of fish glasses.

Fish glasses are usually fixed-focus lenses and are mainly divided into 2 types, including:

Circular fisheye (Round fish eye): The images are rounded, as if you were looking out of the burglar.

Full Frame fisheye (whole fish eye): the more common fish glasses, the image taken out is normal square type.

　　

Full Frame fisheye (all fish eyes)

　　

Circular fisheye (round fish eye)

Moving Axis Mirror

　　

The tilt angle (Tilt) function of the axis mirror can control the depth of field, as shown above to make the whole bevel clear. (Image Credit:kodak Large Format photography)

　　

Warzauwynn

Usually the building is standing on the ground, in order to get the full picture, the camera should be slightly upward. As the lower part of the building is farther than the upper part, it will produce a convergent effect of "big and small". and the axis-shift mirrors are designed to correct this condition.

The motion mirror has two functions of "offset (shift)" and "Dip Angle (Tilt)", which allows you to move the mirror axis and adjust the lens of perspective.

"High fried" or "low fried" for different needs is believed to be a practice that many people have tried to do, but at the same time you will find that the imaging will have very serious deformation (for example, the portrait of a high fried when shooting and become a big body thin).

This variant should be avoided in particular in architectural photography. Therefore, the shift function of the axis mirror can enlarge the imaging circle and improve the condition of the variant. Dip function can be adjusted to the range of depth of field of imaging.

However, because of the complexity of the mechanical structure, and also require the lens has a larger field of view and after work space, so the price will be relatively high. And the most common is the move-axis mirror is a miniature photography, the city?? It was filmed like a model.

A more detailed explanation: Simple image to understand the principle of moving axis lens

　　

(Nickolas Titkov)

increasing distance mirror

　　

(Sam Agnew)

　　

(Eric Ganz)

The distance mirror is an optical component that is installed between the fuselage and the mirror body to increase the focal length of the lens. Relative to buy a longer focal length of the lens, the price of the mirror will be much cheaper, and the volume of light to increase the mirror relative to the telephoto lens more lightweight. However, due to the increase in the number of lenses passing through the lens into the photosensitive element after the installation of the device, it is inevitable that there will be a side effect of the decline in imaging quality. At the same time, after the addition of the mirror will also reduce the amount of light, so the lens aperture in the device to increase the distance after the mirror will become smaller.

The magnification of the mirror is divided. Generally 1.4x, 1.7x, 2x and so on, the original lens of the focal length times the magnification, is the device to increase the lens after the focal length.

To buy an increase in the mirror instant noodles also have to consider a number of factors such as the compatibility of the factory and so on, details can be seen: what is the distance mirror (teleconverter)?

Photography is an ongoing process of creation. In the process of creating a bottle neck, or these four special use lenses can make you have a little other ideas?