A beginner's knowledge of Linux

  What is Linux?Linux is a set of free-to-use and free-spreadUNIX-like operating systems, is a based onPosixand theUnixthe multi-user,Multi-tasking, SupportMultithreadingand multi-CpuOperating System (professional explanations). Simply put, is a more than Windows crane operating system, if you are not satisfied, please hold. Perhaps some people will ask what is the operating system, this if the explanation is clearly estimated to be time-consuming, obviously I do not have this ability. To put it simply, a novice thinks it is an interface, a program that connects computer hardware, software, and users. For example, you can open Word by double-clicking it, and you can save the file on your hard drive.

Linux Why so strong, sorry not to talk about this today, novice only talk about the origin of Linux. Many people know that Linux comes from UNIX, so how does Unix come about? Then the novice casually pull, the oldest guy is a batch system, but it has a lot of shortcomings, who call it the oldest? So, in 1964, by the Bell Laboratory and the United States, MIT and Electric Company jointly developed a multi-tasking operating system, called Multics, many people, but this system is more advanced, difficult, lack of funds. Bell Labs first withdrew from the project, and one of the people named Ken thompson himself designed a game called space travel to run on Multics, but withdrew from the apparently no-use multics, and could not play the game, making him very annoyed, and Multics at that time is very expensive, the average person could not afford, let alone to play a game. We all know that the people who play the game are very crazy, Ken Grandpa ransacked the entire bell, found an idle PDP-7 machine (Dec company's products, has been acquired by Compaq), he rewritten the game on this machine, and show the company's people, but the company does not mean its game and more care about its system, They laughed to call itunics, > The opposite of Multics. Later, everyone took its homophonic called UNIX. In 1971, Ken Grandpa finally applied to an advanced PDP-11, on the above to re-write Unix, the first version is so born. After that, ken Thompson and its friends Dennis Ritchie found in assembly language to do transplant too annoyed, so want to use advanced language to write, cattle people are cattle, they use a bcpl language development, and integration into B language, or annoyed, so upgrade, C language came out. They succeeded in rewriting the UNIX kernel successfully in C language.

bill Joy People, needless to say this is a Daniel, he organized a study of the Unix community, studied a BSD operating system, this is hanging, the apple system is based on it. He also contributed to the tcp/ip,vi and other hanging things, created the sun company, will not blow. Since this BSD so strong, must also be a big sell special sell, so that Bell will be uncomfortable, so he played a lawsuit, a dozen is more than 10 years. The development of Unix has stalled, but this is the more than 10 years, Microsoft, Apple has developed, especially Microsoft made a Windows NT a big head, here Bill Gates and jobs, a lot of stories are not involved. It is a serious threat to the development of UNIX, but when BSD and Bell find it, it is too late to reconcile and cooperate.

since Bell joins At&t,unix commercialization, expensive scary, ordinary people can not afford, the university is the same. In particular to andrew a Dutch university professor, was originally a stubborn old man, obviously very annoyed, so he based on his teaching experience and knowledge of UNIX, modeled Unix designed a Minix operating system, used for lectures, this system is very simple, many Daniel has improved it, however, Span style= "font-family: ' Microsoft Jas Black ', ' Microsoft Yahei '; Color:rgb (51,51,51); line-height:24px;text-indent:28px; Background-color:rgb (255,255,255); " >andrew old professor is not to add these to its source code, Minux There's a famous student named linus Torvalds, like many Daniel, he did not have a cold on the system, so on the basis of Minix, he wrote a new operating system kernel, to become Linux.

Speaking of Linux, we have to talk about GNU, because of Unix, Microsoft various software commercialization, so many programmers very uncomfortable, so a person named Stallman launched a GNU program, GNU is notUNIX abbreviation, He thought all software should be free, the GPL is his manifesto, all the software to be published in the form of source code, anyone can use, but no matter how you modify it, you have to provide the source code, although there are shortcomings, and later introduced LGPL to improve, this is something. But this open-source approach has received the support of many programmers in the world, and free of charge for their own power, but although the software is open source, but the operating system is a big cancer, no free to use. As a result, Stallman decided to develop a set of operating systems, but unfortunately, no research came out. Presumably everyone has guessed that the Linux and GNU Encounter, and the perfect combination, this is the famous gnu/linux, GNU is responsible for software, Linux is responsible for the kernel, and to Redhat,debian, etc. is to combine the two to release, just have their own characteristics.

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A beginner's knowledge of Linux