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Vowel Letters A or a + other letters
| Letter or letter Combination |
Syllable Type or the position in the word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
| A |
Stress the opening syllable |
[EI] |
Name, face, take, cake, radio, space |
| A |
Stressed closed syllables |
A |
Hand, stand, maths, happy |
| A |
After the W or wh |
R |
What, watch, wash |
| [R:] |
Water |
| Ai ay |
In the stressed syllable |
[EI] |
Wait, train, fail, Rain,say, way, May, today |
| Al |
In front of most consonant letters |
[R:] |
Ball, wall, small, talk |
| [R:l] |
Also, always |
| Before F, M |
[A:] |
Half, palm (palm tree) |
| Ar |
In the stressed syllable |
[A:] |
Star, card, party |
| Ar |
After the W or wh |
[R:] |
Warm, wharf (dock) |
| AU AW |
In the stressed syllable |
[R:] |
Autumn, because, draw, saw |
| Air are |
In the stressed syllable |
[z[] |
Chair, hair, pair, hare, care |
| Ass |
In the stressed syllable |
[A:s] |
Ass, Glass, class |
Vowel Letters E or e+ other letters
| Letter or letter Combination |
Syllable Type or the position in the word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
| E |
Stress the opening syllable |
[I:] |
She,we,these,relay |
| Stressed closed syllables |
E |
Well,get,very,step |
| Ea |
In the stressed syllable |
[I:] |
Seat,read,tea,easy |
| E |
Bread, head, ready. |
| Ee |
In the stressed syllable |
[I:] |
Tree, week, green |
| Er |
In the stressed syllable |
[[:] |
Her, term, verb |
Vowel Letters I or i+ other letters
| Letter or letter Combination |
The type of syllable or position in a word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
| I (Y) |
Stress the opening syllable |
[AI] |
Mine,quite,like,side, Friday, my, by, why |
| Stressed closed syllables |
I |
Milk,ship,it,with, window, begin |
| Ie |
In the reread syllable, before the consonant letter |
[I:] |
field, piece |
| At the end of a reread syllable word |
[AI] |
Lie, die, tie. |
| IgH |
In the stressed syllable |
[AI] |
Night, right. |
| ir |
In the stressed syllable |
[[:] |
Skirt, girl. |
Vowel Letters O or o+ other letters
| Letter or letter Combination |
The type of syllable or position in a word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
| O |
Stress the opening syllable |
[[u] |
No, go, nose, home |
| Stressed closed syllables |
R |
Not, dog, hot, stop |
| Before M, n, v or th |
[Q] |
Come, month, love, brother. |
| Oa |
In the stressed syllable |
[[u] |
Coat, boat, road |
| Oi Oy |
In the stressed syllable |
[Ri] |
Noise,join, boy, toy |
| Oo |
In most cases |
[U:] |
School, too, cool. |
| In front of K |
[U] |
Book, Look, Cook. |
| Or |
In the stressed syllable |
[R:] |
Sport, Horse, forty |
| Behind the W |
[[:] |
Work, worse, worker |
| OUs |
In most cases |
[Au] |
Round, house, about |
| Before the ght. |
[R:] |
Ought (should) |
| ow |
In the stressed syllable |
[Au] |
Cow, now, down, how |
| In stressed or unstressed syllables |
[[u] |
Know, grow, show, window, yellow |
Vowel Letter U or u+ other letter
| Letter or letter Combination |
The type of syllable or position in a word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
| U |
Stress the opening syllable |
[Ju:] |
Use, duty, excuse |
| Stressed closed syllables |
[Q] |
But, US, luck |
| ur |
In the stressed syllable |
[[:] |
Nurse, turn, hurt, Thrusday |
the majority of the vowel letters in unstressed syllables are read [[] or [i]
| Letter |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
| A |
[[] |
About, American, <, breakfast |
| I |
Orange, comrade, village, message |
| E |
[[] |
Student, Hundred |
| I |
Jacket, begin, Harvest |
| I (Y) |
I |
Coming, Dining-room, many, country |
| O |
[[] |
O ' clock, policeman |
| U |
[[] |
Autumn |
phonetic rules of the combination of consonant and consonant letters
| Letter or letter Combination |
The type of syllable or position in a word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
| C |
Before e, I, Y |
[S] |
Nice, pencil, bicycle. |
| In a, O, u and consonants l, r, T before and at the end of a syllable |
K |
Caps, come, cut, clock, cry, picture, music |
| Ch |
|
[TF] |
Much,chair, teacher. |
| G |
In most cases |
[G] |
Go, big, garden |
| In front of E |
[DV] |
page, Orange, large |
| J |
|
[DV] |
Jack, Jacket, June, John. |
| Kn |
|
N |
Knife, know, knock |
| ll |
|
L |
Ball, tell, still. |
| Ng |
|
N |
Sing, long, something |
|
[Ng] |
中文版, Longer |
| Nk |
|
[Nk] |
Ink. |
| Ph |
|
[F] |
Physics (physics) |
| Qu |
|
[KW] |
Quite, quick, quarter |
| Sh |
|
F |
She, shoe, 中文版, short |
| Tch |
|
[TF] |
Watch, fetch (take, take) |
| Th |
|
W |
Thing, thank, Month |
|
T |
This, that, with |
| Wh |
Before the letter O |
[h] |
Who, whose, whom |
|
[W] |
Where, what, when, why |
| wr |
|
[R] |
Write, wrong |
| X |
|
[KS] |
box, Next, exercise |
|
[GZ] |
Exam, example |
| Y |
|
[j] |
Yes, you, year, yourself |