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A lot of people asked me to recommend some excellent math books to layman's friends, some of whom didn't take advanced courses at university, only friends who were interested in learning math, and some were more interested in historical figures than in mathematical results. Ironically, when you're a math student at Waterloo University, you have a chance to go to the next four years to talk about the history of mathematics, explaining some of the mentality and philosophy behind math, not just theorems and proofs.
These 5 books are the ones I recommend to those who want to understand mathematical ideas and principles.
1. History A Mathematics | History of Mathematics Author: Carl B. Boyer
This is the textbook of the history of mathematics that I went through about 10 years ago, and this book is still the best, and one of the most in-depth discussions on the development of mathematics in the past thousands of years. It begins with the Egyptian and former classical mathematics, explaining how a simple task is complicated by the lack of mathematical tools, and then the development of tools over time enables us to understand quantum theory. The book is thick, with more than 700 pages of content (note: Chinese hardcover 1108 pages), but non-tech readers can easily read without hindrance.
This book is well worth any library collection, and it can be read separately from each chapter, covering a different aspect of the history of mathematics.
2. The Journeys through Genius | The course of Genius's guidance: The Great theorem in mathematics author: William Dunham
I chose this book in a second-hand shop many years ago simply because it attracted my attention and the price was good. I thought it would be interesting to read, but I never thought I'd be surprised and excited by the content until I started reading it carefully. This book takes some of the most important and changing theorems in mathematics, and explains them in simple and receptive ways.
By means of an interesting and enjoyable way, the historical artifacts in the development of the theorem are displayed and the importance of discovery in the context is maintained. Moreover, more importantly, in addition to the explanation of the theorem, these are brought into the text for the people behind the work that they know and the life and all their work. If you want to learn more about the greatest theorem in mathematics, this book is well read and worth your while.
3. The Mathematical Experience | The author Philip J.davis, Reuben Hersh of mathematics experience
My professor of mathematics history lent me copies of his book, which may be the most eye-opening reading I have ever read. I spent the whole weekend reading the book, from beginning to end, and then reading it again, gobbling up and absorbing all the ideas and ideas.
From the perspective of what it means to be a mathematician, and from the experience shared by mathematicians all over the world, this is undoubtedly the best book in my library. From philosophy to the social and emotional experience of mathematicians, this book covers all the fields of mathematics. This book is well written, concise and touches my heartstrings. In this book, I really feel that I am reading a person who already knows what love mathematics is and is excited about it without delving into the original derivation process. If there is a book in this entire list that I suggest to buy immediately, it must be this one. Go ahead and buy it.
4. "Proofs from" book | The proof in the heavenly Book of Mathematics: Martin Aigner, Günter M. Ziegler
Paul Erdös is the most prolific mathematician of the 19th century, and he usually touches on his beautiful proofs, just as he gets from "God's own books".
This book is a collection of proofs that many mathematicians deem necessary and important, and also elegant and beautiful.
If you want a book that is easy to read, but you can explore the theorems in a primitive and rigorous way, this book must be for you. It covers a wide range of areas, some of the best proofs.
5. The Proofs and Refutations | Proof and refutation-logic of Mathematical Discovery, author: Imre Lakatos
This book may be the highest-end book introduced in this article. It was brilliantly used in the form of discussions between professors and students. Lakatos the mathematical process, including how mathematics is really done and how the theorem is applied to a wide variety of easy-to-understand techniques.
If you or anyone you know is really thinking about turning into math, I would recommend him to read the book. This includes, among other things, teachers, because he explains how to help you to understand and creatively use the newly learned tools to make you move forward through technical and philosophical thinking. This is really a wonderful book that can be read quickly.