A preliminary understanding of the network of the essence of web surfing

Today, with the wide application of computers and the popularity of the network, more and more units and departments began to introduce computer network management, so that the corresponding need for more excellent management network. Have a few years of "brain-aging" You are not also a network management ambitions? Before you become a qualified webmaster, you must first make clear the following 10 questions. If you do not have the most basic knowledge of network management, then how can you not fill this class?
★ What is a computer network?

This is one of the first issues that must be addressed, and it is definitely the core concept. We speak of the computer network, in fact, is the use of communication equipment and lines will be geographically different, independent functions of multiple computer systems interconnection, to full-featured network software (i.e. network communication protocol, information Exchange Mode and network operating system, etc.) to achieve the network resource sharing and information transmission system. Its function is mainly in two aspects: one is to achieve resource sharing (including hardware resources and software resources sharing), and the other is to exchange information between users. The role of the computer network is to not only allow computers scattered across the network to share all the resources on the web, but also to provide users with a strong means of communication and services as perfect as possible, thus greatly user-friendly. From the point of view of network management, it is the use of technical means to realize the information transmission between the network, while providing services to users.

★ What are the components of the computer network?

The computer network usually consists of three parts, which are resource subnet, communication subnet and communication protocol. The so-called communication subnet is the part of the computer network which is responsible for data communication; The resource subnet is a user-oriented part of the computer network, which is responsible for the application-oriented data processing work; The rules and conventions that both sides of communication must abide by are called communication protocols. Whether it exists or not is the fundamental difference between computer network and the interconnection system of general computers. So from this point of view, we should be more able to understand the computer network for what is the development of computer technology and communication products.

★ How to classify the types of computer networks?

The most common method of partitioning is the size of the geographic area covered by the computer network, which is generally divided into wide area networks (WANs) and local area networks (LANs) (and, in addition, an additional metropolitan area Network (MANS)). As the name suggests, the so-called WAN is only geographically distant network connection form, such as the famous Internet network, Chinanet network is a typical WAN. A local area network usually does not exceed 10 km, and is often limited to a single building or a group of buildings that are very close to each other. Novell network is currently the most popular computer LAN.

★ What is the architecture of the computer network?

In computer network technology, the network architecture refers to the overall design of communication system, which is designed to provide standards for network hardware, software, protocols, access control and topology. It is now widely used as a reference model for Open Systems Interconnection OSI (open System Interconnection), which describes the structure of the network at seven levels, the physical layer, the data link layer, the network layer, the transport layer, the dialogue layer, the presentation layer and the application layer. You should be aware that the network architecture of the pros and cons will directly affect the bus, interface and network performance. The key element of network architecture is protocol and topology. The most common network architectures are FDDI, Ethernet, Token Ring network and Fast Ethernet.

★ What is the agreement of the computer network?

Just now, one of the key elements of Network architecture is network protocol. The so-called Protocol (Protocol) is a formal description of the rules that must be followed to exchange data between data formats and computers, and its role is the same as that of Mandarin. Ethernet (Ethernet), NetBEUI, ipx/spx, and TCP/IP protocols are commonly used depending on the network. Ethernet is the most common network low-level protocol in the general Line protocol, which is easy to install and inexpensive, while NetBEUI can be said to be a network protocol designed for small LAN. Installing the NetBEUI protocol is sufficient for small LANs that do not need to communicate with large hosts across routers, but you must install ipx/spx or TCP/IP protocols if you need to route to another LAN. The former is almost synonymous with Novell network, and the latter is used by the famous Internet network. In particular, TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Network Protocol) is one of the earliest protocols in the Open System Interconnection protocol, and it is the most complete and widely used protocol, which can realize the connection, communication and communication between various computer platforms.

★ What is the topological structure of the computer network?

The topological structure of computer network refers to the form of connection of each site in the network, and the connection form of file server, workstation and cable is clear in the LAN. The main topological structures now are the total line topology, star topology, ring topology, and their hybrid type. As the name suggests, the total line style is actually the file server and workstations are connected to a common cable called the bus, and the bus must have a terminator at both ends; the star topology is the central connection point of a device, each workstation is connected directly with it to form a star, and the loop topology is to connect all the sites serially. Forming a loop like a chain; mixing the three most basic topologies is a mixture of nature.

★ What hardware is involved in computer network construction?

The hardware system of computer network usually consists of five parts: file server, workstation (including terminal), transmission media, network connection hardware and external equipment. File servers generally require a microcomputer with a high-performance CPU system, which acts as the core of the network. In addition to managing transactions across the network, it must also provide a variety of resources and services. The workstation can be said to be an intelligent terminal, it from the file server to remove the program and data, can be processed in this site, generally have a disk and no plate points. Next talk about transmission media, which is the communication network between the sender and the receiver of the physical path, in the LAN is used to connect the server and workstation cable. At present, the commonly used network transmission media have twisted pair (more for LAN), coaxial cable and cable. The common network connection hardware is network interface card (NIC), Hub (hub), repeater (repeater) and modem. Printers, scanners, plotters, and any other devices that can be shared for workstations can be called external devices.

★ What operating systems are commonly installed in computer networks?

As we all know, the network operating system is the soul of the whole network, but also is an important embodiment of the distributed processing system, which determines the function of the network and thus determines the direction of the application of different networks. Currently, the most popular network operating systems are UNIX, NetWare, Windows NT and the emerging popular Linux. UNIX has a long history and is well developed today, especially for its security and application; In contrast, NetWare is known for file services and print management, and its directory service is the industry's recognized catalog management masterpiece; windows NT is a real 32-bit operating system that supports a variety of hardware platforms, and it maintains a popular Windows user interface that is currently being used by more and more networks, while the latest Linux is among the best networked operating systems with its advanced design ideas and free software identity.

★ The future development trend of computer network?

There are three basic technical trends in the future of network development. First, the development of the distributed computing and intelligent direction brought by the Low-cost microcomputer, namely the Client/server (client/server) structure, the second is to adapt to multimedia communication, mobile communication structure development; Thirdly, network structure adapts to network interconnection, expands scale so as to establish global network.

★ What are the specific business of computer network management?

In a nutshell, the business of network management has three aspects: NET construction, network maintenance and Network service. Building a local area network (including planning topology, physical hardware implementation and network protocol settings), adding or upgrading network equipment and planning network development is the specific content of network construction, while the general network maintenance includes network fault detection and maintenance (including hardware and software), Network security protection and management As for the network services can be based on a variety of network purposes are different, but the most common are remote landing, file transmission, e-mail and resource sharing, of course, can also focus on one or several aspects. In addition, such as the homepage of the website production and update, BBS platform construction and management, etc. can also be included in the network management business scope. In short, the so-called "network management" as the name implies is to build and manage the network of personnel, their work and tasks like the staff of the hotel, by operating a good hotel to entertain friends from all directions.

Excellent network management does not say that the work of the network management is bitter, but if you are willing to spend time and effort, you may also be able to do as well as Huajun and Gao Chunhui. However, before you become a good webmaster, you should make sure that the 10 questions that you are talking about today are well understood.


2 Common classic failures of IE browsers:

When you drive the beloved IE dash on the internet, suddenly a mysterious warning box pops up on the desktop, followed by all IE windows closed, or anyway click on the link, IE has never responded ... These malfunctions are disturbing and helpless. However, you do not have to do nothing, today we will be together with IE common mistakes, and completely eliminate!

1. Send Error Report

"Symptom" in the process of using IE to browse the Web page, "Microsoft Internet Explorer has encountered a problem that needs to be closed ..." information tip. At this point, if you click the Send Error Report button, an error report is created, and clicking the Close button causes the current IE window to close, and if you click the Do not send button, all IE windows will be closed.


"Fault Comments" This is a small program ie designed to understand the user's errors in use, but I do not want to be Microsoft's "free tester", not to mention that every day it will face thousands of reports, who knows whether I care about my report problem?!

"Troubleshoot"

For different situations, you can use the following methods to turn off IE to send error reporting function:

① to IE 5.x users, perform control Panel → Add or Remove Programs, select the Internet Explorer Error Reporting option in the list, and then click the Change/Remove button to remove it from the system.

② for IE 6.0 Users under Windows 9x/me/nt/2000, you can open Registry Editor and locate [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main]. In the right pane, create a DWORD double byte value named IEWatsonEnabled and assign it a value of 0.

③ for IE 6.0 Users of Windows XP, perform control Panel → system, switch to the Advanced tab, click the Error Reporting button, select the Disable Error Reporting option, and select the "but notify me when serious errors occur", and then click OK.


2.ie internal error occurred, window is closed

"Symptom" when using IE to browse some Web pages, an error message dialog box appears: "The program has performed an illegal operation and is about to close ...", clicking the OK button then pops up a dialog box prompting "Internal error ...". When you click the OK button, all open IE windows are closed.

Fault reviews This error causes a variety of reasons, memory resources too much, IE security level settings and browsing sites do not match, conflict with other software, browsing the site itself contains error codes ... All these situations are possible and need to be tackled with patience.

"Troubleshoot"

① to close too many IE windows. If you are running a program that takes up a lot of memory, it is recommended that you do not have more than 5 windows open.

② reduce IE security level. Perform the Tools →internet options menu, select the Security tab, click the Default Level button, and drag the slider to reduce the default security level.


③ IE upgrades to the latest version. IE 6.0 SP1 download address: download.microsoft.com.

You can use IE as the core browser, such as MyIE2. It takes up less system resources, and when the browser fails to close, the next time it starts, there will be "whether to open the last occurrence of the error page" prompts, as much as possible to help you recover the loss.


3. A run error occurred

"Symptom" When browsing the Web page with IE pop-up "run error, correct errors" dialog box, click the "No" button, you can continue to browse the Internet.

Fault reviews may be a problem with the site you are browsing, or it may be because IE does not support some scripts.

"Troubleshoot"

① start IE, execute the Tools →internet options menu, select the Advanced tab, select the Disable Script Debugging checkbox, and then click OK.

② to upgrade IE browser to the latest version.


4.ie window always minimize problems

"Symptom" Every time you open a new window is a minimized window, even if you click the "Maximize" button, the next time you start ie the new window will still be minimized.

"Fault comments" IE tools? Small * far  and cen δ  鼙 4 wives string Huai-fed Torr stained ao sunfaith eel with Nao Thorn  asked the 琁 e itself does not provide the relevant setup options, but can be implemented by modifying the registry.

"Troubleshoot"


① opens the Registry Editor, finds [Hkey_ current_user\software\microsoft\internet Explorer\desktop\old Workareas], and then selects the window on the right side of the Oldworkarearects ", delete it.

② also finds [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main] In Registry Editor, selects "Window_placement" on the right side of the window, and deletes it.

③ quit Registry Editor, reboot the computer, then open IE, maximize its window, and click the "Restore Down" button to restore the window, then click the "Maximize" button again, and finally close the IE window. When you reopen IE later, the window is normal!

5.ie Unable to open new window

"Symptom" during browsing the Web page, clicking the hyperlink has no response.

Most of the fault reviews are caused by the destruction of IE's new window module.

　　Troubleshoot, click start → run, and then run "Regsvr32 actxprxy.dll" and "Regsvr32 shdocvw.dll" to register the two DLL files, and then restart the system. If not, you can Mshtml.dll, Urlmon.dll, Msjava.dll, Browseui.dll, Oleaut32.dll, Shell32.dll also registered.