A simple way to create a new eco-cylinder

Ornamental fish tank should first clear, decomposition of organic waste in the water bacteria should not damage the health of fish.
Turbid or yellowish staining is caused by the decomposition of the heterotrophic strains (mineralized bacteria) and the residual organic matter. and nitrification bacteria is only responsible for the elimination of ammonia and nitrite ammonia, the organic turbidity powerless.
In the past, the method of creating cylinders only focused on the cultivation of nitrifying bacteria. Mineralization of bacteria is neglected. Make a large proportion of the cylinder nitrification efficiency is not stable, water quality is not ideal, fish health status is poor. Three strains of water supplement this technical vacancy, the artificial addition of three strains of domesticated bacteria to occupy a dominant position in the protection of fish and grass health measures to develop new, while improving the clarity of water. Make fish to be truly happy.
Fermentation
Suitable container wash boiling water, into the cold water. Put five yeast slices, two tablespoons of yogurt, Mommy loves one, msg 10 grams. Biochemical cotton piece, plus pump inflatable three days. Using this method can quickly make water clear. The initial optimum temperature of yeast fermentation is about 40 degrees, and the incubator temperature is generally controlled at 20-25 degrees. Below this temperature yeast growth and reproduction rate is slow, too high, prone to the variability of strains-candida yeast, such as our long-said offspring mutation. The sign of successful fermentation is the ability to feel the water clear and odorless. What is offensive is the cultivation of failure.
Disinfection
Before putting the bacteria to the fish tank all equipment disinfection, all new is the tap water rinse clean can, after chlorine can be put into fermentation liquid and biochemical cotton. Disinfection is to make the three bacteria occupy an advantage. The main reason for the failure of the cylinder is that the disinfection of filter material and instrument is not thorough. Potassium permanganate has no penetrating force and cannot be used for disinfection of old filter materials.
Casting bacteria
After the end of the disinfectant or after the removal of chlorine, the fermented bacteria liquid can be cast onto the filter cotton, and the biochemical cotton is placed under the filter cotton.
Attention:
1) The water temperature is maintained at 22-30 degrees. The water should be clear within 24 hours.
2) The strain should be filled with as much oxygen as possible after casting. When the water is clear after the use of dry-type nitrifying bacteria, stop oxygenation three days, and normal operation of filtration to help nitrification bacteria quickly hanging film. You can then move the oxygen-filled center of gravity to the filter slot. At this point can be put into a cylinder fish, feeding to maintain the ammonia concentration, according to the posture of the fish ready to change water dilution of ammonia concentration slowly increase the number of fish. Feed a small amount of jar fish two times a day. The total amount of feed per day must be in accordance with the limited requirements. Conditional test Phase 2, 3 friends can use water change according to test indicators to maintain safe water quality.
3) for the filtration culture nitrification capacity, at this time must not be more feeding. Feeding a few small fish two times with minimal dosing, plus a double every two days. It is best to strictly control the gradual increase in feeding volume, timely increase in fish, 30 days not to be fed overdose. During the period of taste fishy or fish body unwell change water one-third.
4) nitrifying bacteria must be of reliable quality, preferably dry powder type. Should be in the water is basically clear when the investment, and a small amount of repeated cast, not only slightly slower. There's no problem.
5) Water quality can be fermented directly into the cylinder, but the success rate is not high. Most need to be repeated to keep the bacteria.
After maintenance, the normal condition of the one-month nitrification system has been completely stable, it should be noted that there are several
1) Feed quantity and quality as constant as possible, avoid using live bait to reduce pollutants. Before the grass into the tank to disinfect the insecticide, the best fish quarantine and then into the cylinder.
2) filter or reduce feeding according to the clarity of the water.
3) There are test conditions according to the test data of nitrate acid and alkali value change, master the change of the test value of feeding water change rule, and finally use the ph value test results to guide the water exchange frequency.
Disinfection reference
We are in the beginning of the cylinder, the need for fish tanks, filter equipment and hanging membrane fillers, such as disinfection, (new cylinder new configuration of clean water can be, do not disinfect) commonly used disinfectants include potassium permanganate and hypochlorite (is chlorine water, bleaching powder, such as the active ingredient). Both potassium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite have the effect of disinfection, they can release reactive oxygen in the water, quickly kill bacteria and microorganisms in the water. Potassium permanganate and hypochlorite have their own characteristics in disinfection use:
Potassium permanganate: Its oxidation is weaker than hypochlorite, permeability is not good, kill the weak, and easy in the fish tank and other equipment surface adhesion, so that it appears red, affecting aesthetics. However, after the reduction of potassium permanganate, its production will be adsorbed in the water of hydrogen and oxygen ions and precipitation, less residue on water quality.
Hypochlorite: It has strong oxidizing ability, high disinfection efficiency and strong permeability. Colorless, does not affect the color of aquarium and filter equipment. Because Hypochlorite is colorless, it is generally difficult to determine whether it is completely decomposed chlorine agent, hypochlorite if not completely reduced, its residue on microorganisms still have a strong killing effect, affecting the establishment of 3 strains of the speed, and the fish has a certain irritation.
Since the oxidation of hypochlorite is greater than that of potassium permanganate, it may be considered to take this method of disinfection:
The filter system is assembled, proportional to the appropriate concentration of hypochlorite (in accordance with the instructions) to open the filter pump, together with the glass ring disinfection for 30 minutes, and then add a small amount of potassium permanganate, in order to see the red color prevail. Then dissolved 2-3 vitamin meat into the small cup, in the condition of opening the flow pump, slowly add vitamin C solution, see red back, then put half a vitamin meat, at this time, hypochlorite and potassium permanganate was completely restored. In order to remove the reduction of impurities in the water, you can add a pack of activated carbon in the filtration, filtration for 1-2 hours, at this time the water quality can reach the needs of building cylinders.
It should be noted that if the use of "84 disinfectant" marketed on the market, the need for a large amount of water rinse after disinfection, because it contains a certain amount of detergent, these surfactants with reducing agent is difficult to remove.
This way of disinfection than the use of potassium permanganate alone, and eliminates the trouble of sterilizing the filter ring with a pressure cooker, using potassium permanganate to indicate the amount of reducing agent, to avoid excessive use of reducing agent. In addition, the activated carbon adsorption oxidation-reduction process of the reaction products, improve water quality. (potassium permanganate reduction will become cloudy red and then colorless)
Brief steps to open the cylinder:
1. Ensure your filter settings are reasonable, physical filtration and biochemical filtration, and the volume of the filter material at least 2% of the volume of water;
2. Prepare yeast powder (yeast flakes can also), Mummy love (containing bacteria) and yogurt (containing lactic acid bacteria);
3. Take a small amount of yeast powder, or 3-5 yeast slices, a small packet of Mummy love, a few small drops of yogurt, a little sugar, with a small cup, put a little water, placed in the warm, no direct sunlight fermentation place for at least 1 days.
3. If it is a new open cylinder, it is best to thoroughly clean the filter material and all aquarium equipment, if necessary to be used for 20ppm potassium permanganate solution disinfection, and then exchange new water, chlorine removal.
4. Fermented bacteria and fish tanks are ready, the fermentation solution into the cylinder, strengthen the oxygenation, patiently wait a few days until the turbidity disappears, you can put into the tank fish, under nitrification bacteria.
5. In the following 20 days, be careful to change water, to dilute too much inorganic nitrogen and inorganic phosphorus.
6. In general, it takes at least 20 days to open the cylinder and the microorganisms in the filter can reproduce stably.
7. If it is not a new open cylinder, just water mixed, to start from the filter settings, improve the efficiency of filtration, the right amount of three bacteria fermentation, you can improve water quality.
Concrete operation suggested that the landlord more to see the top posts, if there are specific questions can post questions.
The last thing to say is: Good water is built on good filtration, only reasonable filter settings, water quality can be fundamentally improved. Three bacteria open cylinder is a kind of probiotic bacteria through a certain way to cultivate and domestication, so that the filter material hanging film open cylinder method, which must be based on a reasonable filter configuration, otherwise only counterproductive.
The Dirty filter cotton jar is easy and simple, but it is difficult to get it.
Natural open cylinders are allowed to reproduce by heterotrophic bacteria, completely regardless. , just wait until the nitrification efficiency reaches the need to calculate the method of creating a cylinder, randomly falling into the water bacteria breed up, occupy the advantage. A few people can get good water that is beneficial to bacteria, but because it is randomly bred, harmful bacteria may have a big advantage. bacteria, white fungus can be used to give nitrifying bacteria to provide ammonia, can also occupy water and filter material. will bring hidden danger to the aquarium, affect the clear water, fish health. It's better to use three bacteria to be safer and more reliable, even if it's not germ-breeding.
Three bacteria are determined not to produce toxins bacteria, the ability to decompose organic matter is strongest, and will produce a variety of vitamins, as well as probiotics,
Three bacteria of the strong ability to decompose organic matter, can make the organic matter in the water to the lowest level, we know that the existence of beneficial bacteria probiotics have certain antibacterial effect. Therefore, the active establishment of beneficial bacteria advantage of water is more conducive to fish health. Better ornamental. Active input of beneficial bacteria than the natural open cylinder more confident to get good water.
Already started to run the fish tank, already has other heterotrophic bacteria to occupy the advantage, if want to obtain the beneficial bacterium the benefit must on time repeat invests the strain. The maintenance of cost and water quality fluctuation is a problem and the effect is poor, so it is necessary to ferment the jar with beneficial bacteria.
Natural open cylinders are allowed to be randomly propagated by heterotrophic bacteria,
This is why the randomly-entered bacterium breeds, "there are no two identical cylinders in the world."
The characteristics of water in the aquarium (water taste, clarity, garbage decomposition speed, etc.) are difficult to change after the formation, because the first breed of bacteria occupy an advantage. The number of bacterial fungi living on organic matter is very large, and because of random breeding, many bacteria are likely to occupy this place, but not much to get good water. This makes a lot of people five years 10 years still in the circle of fish dead fish, always go out of the important reason. The use of bacteria to occupy the advantage of the characteristics of the clean cylinder in the first breeding of three bacteria method, so that the good water has become a sure thing. The method of establishing good water Foundation and then culturing nitrifying bacteria is controlled, and it is a method to obtain good water successfully. In addition, even the best water quality old filter cotton, in the transfer to the new cylinder is still not omnipotent, due to environmental changes, the process of re-breeding of bacteria still have the risk of failure, so no matter what kind of open cylinder you use to observe the method, timely response. Especially the novice, must be in the fish in the time to know a truth:
There are no two identical cylinders, and no two identical open-cylinder methods.
Adhere to the half-month feeding entrained three bacteria.
At the same time with two small barrels to do two simple gas lift, respectively, three bacteria and monosodium glutamate, respectively, cultured heterotrophic bacteria and bacteria, 12 days to half a month after the development of a good ring to re-assemble the filter. Disinfection of barrels, rings, simple gas lift, and other items to be used.
respectively put MSG and three bacteria, simple dustproof, operating gas lift. Run continuously for half a month. It is best to test nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, and timely supplementation of monosodium glutamate for culturing nitrifying bacteria.
Adhere to the half-month feeding entrained three bacteria. How does it work?
2 ml of water, put a few drops of yogurt, two pieces of crushed yeast slices, one-twentieth mummy love. After full dissolution, the feed is soaked and fed. Pay attention to improve the oxygen-filling capacity. Increase and improve filtration.
For water purification, it is the natural body of the water from the net as the principle, but we strengthen the process.
In fact, a sound ecosystem is as complex as possible, with a high diversity of species, in order to maintain the stability and balance of ecosystems. However, for us to come to the water, we have built an ecosystem that is not so, we are targeted, our main purpose is to raise fish, auxiliary means to develop the microorganisms we need to keep water. To achieve our viewing purpose, we have emphasized only a small part of the ecosystem, and suppressed a large part of the organism, such as algae, epigenetic animals, protozoa, and so on. In other words, the ecosystems we build are imperfect and biodiversity is poor, and such ecosystems are extremely unsound and unstable.
There is a contradiction: on the one hand, we want to let the fish in the most natural conditions, we want to simulate the fish near the natural conditions of the water environment, on the other hand, we want to suppress the natural conditions of the formation of species diversity and ecological circulatory system, in order to achieve ornamental purposes, we only focus on certain species, such as 3 bacteria , such as nitrifying bacteria and so on, and very resistant to the species that hinder our appreciation, such as algae. So how do we strike a balance between the two contradictions, the largest simulation of natural conditions, but also to obtain a good ornamental, to achieve the so-called "harmonious coexistence of human and nature" is the focus of the issue we are discussing.
is not to completely discard our filtering system of human interference, but also can not be too strong we hope to achieve the purpose, we must find a balance between the natural ecological law and human factors, in order to "ecological" and "beauty" to obtain the biggest win-wins. We have chosen to be scientifically proven to be completely harmless three bacteria, in domestication to help three bacteria occupy a dominant position, can make organic decomposition efficiency greatly improved. The first thing to see is that the ornamental has been greatly improved. Secondly, the three bacteria use garbage to reproduce the simultaneous secretion of probiotics, vitamin B and so on to maintain the health of fish also has an auxiliary health care role. And the efficiency of nitrification bacteria, in the natural open tank tank may not be stable, now has "master" is also regularly supplemented by nitrification bacteria, the reason is the residue of organic matter, inhibit the multiplication of nitrifying bacteria. As a result of the use of three bacteria domesticated chuang cylinder, the organic residue is very small, to the nitrifying bacteria to create a better living space, nitrification efficiency can be stable for a long time. After using three bacteria to tame the cylinder, routine maintenance becomes simple, such as filter cotton, can be two or three months without care, will not clog.
It should be noted that the weekly change of water four to one-third, diluted accumulated phosphate, nitrate, to avoid algae damage and affect the health of fish. Never change water because it is clear.

A simple way to create a new eco-cylinder
　　
Here are some of the past practices, some of which are of reference value, so we have retained
All the water-related disinfection of the whole cylinder, potassium permanganate can be used 3/10000. Thoroughly clean all corners of dirt and bacteria before disinfection, disinfection drugs can not penetrate the membrane. To include the inside of the pipe and open the pump body. Used filter ring should be boiled in the pressure cooker for more than 10 minutes. Ozone users should know that it can only be used for water disinfection, can not penetrate the membrane, thorough disinfection is the basis of beneficial bacteria dominance, should not be ignored. Avoid the consequences.
　　
The key to disinfection is to clear clean and contaminated. For example, after disinfection of a container, depending on the container is clean, at this time whether the hands or utensils should be regarded as contaminated, contact with the sterilized container or the water in the container will contaminate it, so in order to protect the clean container, Everything that needs to be put into the container or in contact with the container must be clean. Sterilized. aseptic operation is very important.
　　
Can not ensure that the sterile should be in combination after the operation of the melting of potassium permanganate, no fish in the tank can wait until the failure. You can add Western medicine in the water mommy loves two.
　　
Yeast powder or baking primer, yogurt only need a little dilution and sugar to be fermented after a portion of the input. You can also ferment and re-cast again. Be careful to avoid carrying milk and flour as much as possible.
　　
Nitrification bacteria according to the * control feeding, maintain low concentrations of ammonia, their own production and reproduction.
　　
After casting the strain should be as large as possible to fill the oxygen and maintain more than 26 degrees. When the water is clear (usually three days), the center of gravity can be shifted to the filter slot, as long as the filter tank oxygen sufficient, the fish will be very comfortable.
　　
Into the fish should start small, slowly increase, feeding should also start from a small amount, the daily increase slowly, microorganisms need to adapt to the new organic content. Therefore must control, in case of excessive feeding, fishy, should immediately change water one-third.
　　
Water change: Tap water requires activated carbon filter after use.
　　
Because the filter material after disinfection, completely no nitrification ability, the feed produced ammonia on the fish have serious injury, so need to cultivate nitrifying bacteria, at this time can use * brand nitrifying bacteria, stop feeding 1-3 days, and then the smallest metering feed once, Add one more time every three days. No excess is allowed within 30 days. During the creation of the cylinder taste fishy on the water one-third.
　　
Starting from the start of the cylinder should be changed once a week, for One-fourth. The high density of fish is increased, and the main effect is to dilute the nitrate. Avoid brown algae.
　　
Bacteria can look for anaerobic space on their own, such as aerobic bacteria under the membrane, but need constant water quality conditions and nearly 40 days. Before this time, oxygen space is necessary. So I recommend bare cylinder to bedding sand, preferably 3 mm sand average 5--10 cm thick, sand with bottom filter plate connected.
　　
Biochemical Filtration
　　
Biochemical filtration is an important part of aquarium, and can not be neglected. It is very important to match the feeding quantity, and the matching is not suspended particles in water, no fishy, no green algae harm.
　　
　　
The filter needs to occupy 2% of the water body glass ring and can be filled with oxygen. For example, air-lift filtration.
　　
Bare cylinder preferred tidal type, spray type, grass tank preferred bottom tank bottom cylinder filter, simple grass cylinder with plug.
　　
This version of the recommended air-lift filter. Is the highest performance price ratio of filters. It is necessary to provide sufficient oxygen for the filter material. Aerobic bacteria need water oxygen content of more than 7 ppm, fish need is 6ppm, the oxygen content of the above-mentioned oxygen-filled filter will not be less than 6ppm. Fish can be peaceful and free of oxygen. As far as possible to meet the needs of beneficial microorganisms to reproduce oxygen, is the basis for maintaining microbial ecology. The oxygen content of the filtered water is the key to the multiplication of nitrifying bacteria. The capacity of oxygen-filling is proportional to the efficiency of nitrification bacteria reproduction.
To create an ecological filter at the beginning, to reduce the amount of feeding, to ensure that there is fishy taste of water one-third, to avoid ammonia accumulation too high inhibition of nitrification bacteria reproduction.
　　
The water in the tank is preferably filtered by activated carbon to avoid poisoning by chlorine and heavy metals.
　　
　　
The first reaction to success is that the water is extremely clear. Then no fishy odor, no algae harm, no oil film, fish no pathological, color healthy, peaceful and comfortable.
　　
Add
　　
As long as there is fish in any aquarium, there are already microorganisms in existence, the problem is that most of the family's microbial environment is not conducive to the aquatic environment, so that the beneficial strains can not reproduce. Cloudy, many disease, the fish look body color unhealthy.
　　
Microorganisms reproduce at the same time produce an exclusive, inhibition of certain microbial categories, especially in the dominant, beneficial bacteria can not reproduce. This is the role of antibiotics, although its effective range is very narrow, but the role is very strong, there are a few fish friends of the aquarium, ecological establishment extremely difficult, That's the reason. This type of bacteria must be completely eradicated before it can begin to build ecosystems.
　　
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After the establishment of microbial ecosystem, it also has certain antibacterial ability, which can prevent the occurrence of many diseases.
　　
But also fragile, in some fish tanks, because the pre-disinfection is not complete, leaving some bacteria, usually just feel the nitrification is not strong, such as less obvious symptoms, maintenance slightly difficult, this is a hidden bomb, the right time it will erupt. This problem should be captured and addressed in a timely and thorough manner, eliminating the consequences.
　　
In order to improve the microbial environment, in addition to nitrification bacteria in the aquarium, there should be a variety of beneficial bacteria to complete the decomposition of organic waste. In order to enable the breeding of the input strains, it is necessary to destroy the microorganisms that have already taken advantage of. This edition creates a strain of yeast lactic acid bacteria and protects them from cultivation, The practice has proven effective in waiting for other beneficial strains to arrive.
　　
This control feeding period can not change water, feeding an overdose of ammonia to kill nitrification bacteria, you must always be ready to smell the fishy on the water. Do not build a cylinder at the beginning of ammonia accumulation.
　　
　　
Here is a fish friend experience:
　　
1, to build the cylinder must be full-cylinder and all appliances thoroughly disinfected
　　
2, the input strains must be strengthened after oxygen, oxygen content is the crux.
　　
3, must control the amount of feeding, first a small amount of feeding, and then every 3 days to increase one-fold.
　　
4, have fishy taste immediately change water.
　　
Fanglong
　　
Provided to everyone a method, on Saturday in the old cylinder practice, the effect is obvious.
　　
　　
Last Saturday to help friends old cylinder open cylinder, the effect is obvious. The process is as follows:
　　
1. After sterilizing the filter material with a pressure cooker, the lid is not moved after opening and remains sterile.
　　
2. When the temperature drops to 35~30度, pour the fermented yogurt.
　　
3. Half an hour later. Fermented yeast, (I use Angel's high active dry yeast sugar temperature in 28 degrees of fermentation, 40 minutes have a significant change).
　　
At the same time, the temperature is kept in the middle of 35~30, which is the maximum temperature of the bacteria. Yogurt and yeast can be added in a larger amount. (I use a box of yogurt, indicating that there are live lactic acid bacteria, 5 large spoons Angie high active dry yeast)
　　
4. Half an hour later, add mom to love, and good powdery nitrifying bacteria. If the original cylinder has fish can add fish bb, not a little more can, if not can be added dry feed.
　　
5. The condition is allowed to be 12 hours. (I use 8 hours). After the fishing out control dry, if afraid of mixing water tank, you can use trapped water (can not use water), wash the filter material (just the adhesion of the protein organics washed away),
　　
6. If there are fish can not disinfect the cylinder water, if no fish can be disinfected, but also can not disinfect, preferably without potassium permanganate, novice not easy to grasp whether potassium permanganate failure,
If the tank water disinfection is carried out in advance, when you are sure that the potassium permanganate drug disappears, the dry filter material is placed in the filter box and the fish box is connected.
7. Put the finished nitrifying bacteria (powder) into the cylinder, and no more three bacteria will be put in.
　　
I last week six, help friends old cylinder open cylinder, use is the above method.
　　
Yesterday, the morning to his home, open the external filter, has not seen the primary color of the fish BB, cylinder water clear, fish grab food positive.
　　
I think, this open cylinder can calculate success, if follow-up maintenance of good, one months should be very good a cylinder of water.
Benefits: 1. Can be sterilized without a fish.
2. After disinfection of the filter material, the sterile state of the direct addition of four bacteria, can ensure that no harmful bacteria.
3. After 8 hours, the filter material can be cleaned to reduce the organic matter in the cylinder, and the clear time is short.
4. If there are many ecological filtration, for example, on the filter, plug, gas lift, etc., can be repeated separately, the effect is more significant.
　　
For your reference. I wish you all success.

A simple way to create a new eco-cylinder