ADSL access network speed

ADSL Access networks are quite common. So I have studied some common problems and users' questions about ADSL Access networks. I would like to share them with you here, hoping they will be useful to you. Many users have reported that the download rate of ADSL does not reach the nominal 512 KB. After the brain accesses the network through ADSL, a download speed indicator is displayed during download, the download speed shown above is generally about 50 KByte/s! This is a misunderstanding caused by unclear conversion relationships.

What does 1,512 k adsl access network mean?

512 K = 512 Kbps = 512 K bits/s = 64 K bytes/s
I think this conversion should be fine.

2. What does 64 K bytes/s mean?

The true meaning of this 64 K is "maximum download bandwidth exclusive to individual users". What does this mean? I wonder if anyone has noticed the Application Form for installing the China Telecom ADSL Access Network, the above bandwidth projects are all written as "no higher than K" and "no higher than 8 m". That is to say, we can have a maximum of 64 K private bandwidth under normal circumstances. Note that the value is "no higher than". That is to say, in many cases, our private bandwidth may be less than 64 KB. Why?

In fact, China Telecom's ADSL Access Network is running on the ATM, and the bandwidth from the ATM to the chinanet edge router is 155 M. Each edge router can connect 3000 users. If these users access the Internet at the same time, in fact, each user only has 50 k bit/s of bandwidth, that is, 7 K bytes/s. In addition, with the attenuation of the router, the speed of the common modem may end up. Of course, the above is just a hypothetical situation. After all, it is almost impossible for 3000 people to connect to an edge router at the same time. China Telecom will not allow the router to be connected at full load, making the speed drop so huge. However, 64 K is undoubtedly the highest private bandwidth.

3. Why does my 512 k adsl Access Network often achieve download speeds of K or more?

We figured out that 64 K is the maximum private bandwidth, but not equal to the maximum bandwidth. In fact, when dialing the ADSL access network, the actual bandwidth is approximately 8 Mbps, that is, the download bandwidth of 1 M bytes/s, but China Telecom limits our VPC bandwidth to a maximum of 64 K. When there are few vro connected users, we can obtain a part of the shared bandwidth that exceeds the proprietary bandwidth. Obviously, China Telecom does not need to idle the bandwidth.) Of course, the K rate of ADSL will never reach the download speed of 1 Mbit/s by consuming the shared bandwidth, after all, there are still many people accessing the Internet at the same time, and China Telecom certainly has some load balancing mechanisms.

4. Influence of ADSL upload speed on download

TCP/IP specifies that each packet must have a backend message of acknowledge. That is to say, a message reply is required for the transmitted data to determine the transmission speed, and decide whether to re-transmit the lost data. Some of the upstream bandwidth is used to transmit the acknowledge (confirm) information. When the upstream load is too large, the transmission speed of acknowledge data will be affected, and the download speed will be affected. This has a particularly significant impact on connections with Asymmetric Digital loops, that is, ADSL access networks, which have upstream bandwidth far less than the download bandwidth.

Experiments show that when the upload is full, the download speed is equivalent to 40% of the ideal speed, this explains why many friends get a higher download speed with a slight speed limit when using BT for download. In this case, we cannot limit the speed of all people, because it is unrealistic and unscientific for ADSL access network users. The appropriate speed limit is correct.

5. The speed of the ADSL access network gradually decreases as the connection time increases

As mentioned above, the maximum download bandwidth of 8 Mbps will be set up when the ADSL Access Network is re-dial. This bandwidth will never change! However, in fact, because of the noise detection mechanism of ADSL, if the line is not good, the connection established at the beginning is obviously impossible to reach the theoretical value. It may end with 5 Mbps, and the bandwidth will not change. So why is the speed of ADSL getting slower and slower?

This is because, even if the user does not turn off the modem power, the ADSL access network connection may be interrupted at any time. For example, when the communication status deteriorates due to increased noise and frequent errors occur. After the link is interrupted, the system will immediately re-Debug and re-confirm the link. However, if the noise that causes the link interruption still exists at this time, it is usually relatively large.) The relink speed will be lower than the original speed. Since the link speed determined in the debugging is fixed, even after the noise disappears, the link speed will not increase. The longer the ADSL Access Network modem is used, the higher the possibility of such a situation, and the slower the connection speed. At this point, if the user restarts the modem, the link will be re-established, and the speed may be improved accordingly. This knowledge can be used as a countermeasure to solve the problem after the link speed is reduced. Of course, the above situations are only discussed based on the ADSL access network connection. The actual situations also include the Internet situation and website response. After learning about the above knowledge, you may be enlightened. The original KB is not kb, only 64 KB ~~~ You cannot download KB per second.

6. Realizing the high speed of ADSL

The most important thing to pay attention to when solving the speed of the ADSL access network is that the user host must be configured to ensure the speed of the ADSL Access Network on the hardware. As the saying goes, "without Diamond, do not take porcelain ware live". If the processing performance of personal computers is high, you can quickly run Web browsers and email software to speed up the Internet. If the 1 Mbps ADSL Access Network is installed, but the personal computer can only be installed with Windows 95 or 98, it will certainly feel slow. In particular, if the memory is only 64 MB or 128 MB, broadband is just as useless as a hero. If you update your PC and the operating system can use Windows XP, the access speed of natural broadband will increase. In addition, Windows XP requires more memory than the original Windows system. We recommend that you have at least MB of memory. If you do not have the ability to update your PC, you can increase the memory, as long as you increase the memory, you can feel the speed is improved. In addition, the ADSL modem used for broadband access must support high speed to ensure the access speed.

There are also some ways to maintain the ADSL Access Network on the hardware. For example, to shorten the telephone line between the telephone outlet and the ADSL modem, the line loss can be minimized, the specific operation can shorten the distance between the telephone outlet and the ADSL modem, and lengthen the network cable connecting the modem to the PC, without reducing the speed. In addition, do not place office devices (including personal computers) that emit electromagnetic waves near the ADSL modem, or household appliances and mobile phones such as televisions and refrigerators, which may interfere with the modem.

People familiar with computers should know that the performance of personal computers depends not only on their own hardware base, but also on the software optimization of computers in the future can become the driving force for the Network to fly. On the one hand, the system's own performance can be improved through a number of "extensive" system optimization software, such as the CPU vacancy rate, memory usage, and hard disk fragment cleaning, can be improved through the power of software. On the other hand, some special software can also be used to optimize the broadband access connection network and randomly adjust some network connection settings to achieve the best connection effect.

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