After installing linux, how can I improve the system?

After installing linux, how can I improve the system? -- Linux general technology-Linux technology and application information. For details, refer to the following section. Fodera11 was released earlier. I just had to learn about linux and install it. But I don't know how to improve the system environment after installation.
I hope someone can solve the following problems:
1. About the Chinese environment of linux
The fodera11 Chinese environment was originally installed, but the work needs to be performed in the text interface, so I started the Google method and changed it to text,
At this time, the problem came. The ls directory found Chinese garbled characters, followed by those posts on the Internet to set a West One, but did not succeed, instead made my xWindows
The Chinese environment also crashed,
Which of the following statements about how to set up the Chinese environment?
2. linux font Problems
I am used to it on the Windows platform. How can I change it?
3. Input Methods in linux
How to install the Chinese Input Method on the text interface
After fodera is installed, it can be used in the same way as Windows, but after the Chinese environment crashes, it cannot be used,
I have some knowledge to help you.
4. Download common software in linux
As a newbie, sometimes I don't know where to download the software in linux. Although I can download it in red, I don't know what to download.
Can you give a list of commonly used software names, at least Google?