Analysis of compressed files under Linux (the difference between tar/gzip)

Analysis of compressed files under Linux

For those who have just come into contact with Linux, it will definitely give Linux a bunch of different filenames to stun. Don't say it. For example, for compressed files, we know that there are only two types of compressed files that are most common under Windows, one is zip and the other is. Rap. But Linux is different, it has. GZ,. tar.gz, Tgz, bz2,. Z,. Tar and many other compressed filenames, in addition to the. zip and. rar under Windows can also be used under Linux, but there are too few people on Linux that use. zip and. rar. This article will be a summary of these common compressed files, I hope you encounter these files next time not to be confused:)

Before summing up the various types of compressed files, first of all to understand the two concepts: packaging and compression. Packaging refers to a lot of files or directories into a total file, compression is a large file through some compression algorithm into a small file. Why should we differentiate between these two concepts? In fact, this is because many of the compression programs in Linux can only be compressed for a single file, so when you want to compress a lot of files, you have to use another of its tools to make this large pile of files first into a package, and then the original compression program compression.
The most common packaging program under Linux is tar, which is often referred to as the TAR package, and the tar package file commands are usually terminated with. Tar. After the tar package is generated, it can be compressed with other programs, so the basic usage of the tar command is first spoken:
There are many options for the tar command (which can be viewed with man tar), but there are a few options that are commonly used, as illustrated below:
# TAR-CF All.tar *.jpg
This command is to make all. jpg files into a package named All.tar. -C is the file name that represents the generation of a new package,-f specifies the package.
# TAR-RF All.tar *.gif
This command adds all the. gif files to the All.tar package. -R is meant to increase the file.
# Tar-uf All.tar logo.gif
This command is to update the original tar package All.tar in the logo.gif file,-U is to indicate the meaning of the update file.

# TAR-TF All.tar
This command is to list all the files in the All.tar package,-T is to list the meaning of the file
# TAR-XF All.tar
This command is to solve all the files in the All.tar package,-X is the meaning
These are the most basic uses of tar. Tar provides a special feature to facilitate the user's ability to compress or decompress a file while unpacking the package. This is what tar can call other compression programs while packaging or unpacking, such as calling Gzip, bzip2, and so on.
1) Tar call gzip
Gzip is a compression program developed by the GNU organization, and the. Gz end file is the result of gzip compression. The decompression procedure relative to Gzip is gunzip. Use the-Z parameter in tar to invoke gzip. Here's an example:
# TAR-CZF all.tar.gz *.jpg
This command is to make all. jpg files into a tar package and compress them in gzip to generate a gzip compressed package named all.tar.gz
# TAR-XZF All.tar.gz
This command unlocks the package generated above.
2) Tar call bzip2
Bzip2 is a more compressible compression program, and the. bz2 end of the file is the result of bzip2 compression. The decompression procedure relative to bzip2 is bunzip2. Use the-j parameter in tar to invoke gzip. Here's an example:
# TAR-CJF all.tar.bz2 *.jpg
This command is to make all. jpg files into a tar package and compress them with bzip2 to generate a bzip2 compressed package named all.tar.bz2
# TAR-XJF ALL.TAR.BZ2
This command unlocks the package generated above.
3) Tar call compress

Compress is also a compression program, but it seems that people who use compress are not as good as gzip and bzip2. The file at the end of Z is the result of bzip2 compression. The decompression procedure relative to compress is uncompress. Use the-Z parameter in tar to invoke gzip. Here's an example:
# TAR-CZF All.tar.z *.jpg
This command is to make all. jpg files into a tar package and compress them with compress to generate a uncompress compressed package named All.tar.z
# TAR-XZF All.tar.z
This command unlocks the package that was created above.
With the above knowledge, you should be able to solve a variety of compressed files, the following for the TAR series of compressed files to make a summary:
1) for files ending in. tar
TAR-XF All.tar
2) for files ending in. gz
Gzip-d all.gz
Gunzip all.gz
3) for files ending with. tgz or. tar.gz
Tar-xzf all.tar.gz
Tar-xzf all.tgz
4) files ending with. bz2
Bzip2-d all.bz2
BUNZIP2 all.bz2
5) For tar.bz2 end of file
TAR-XJF all.tar.bz2
6) for. Z End of File
Uncompress all. Z
7) files ending with. tar.z
Tar-xzf All.tar.z
In addition, there are methods for extracting common compressed files under window, zip and. Rar,linux.
1) for. zip
Linux provides a zip and unzip program, ZIP is a compression program, unzip is the decompression program. They have a lot of parameter options, here are just a brief introduction, still examples of its use:
# Zip All.zip *.jpg
This command compresses all. jpg files into a zip package

# Unzip All.zip
This command is to extract all the files in the All.zip.

2) for. rar
To process. rar files under Linux, you need to install RAR for Linux, which can be downloaded from the Web, but remember that RAR for Linux
Not for free; then install:
# TAR-XZPVF Rarlinux-3.2.0.tar.gz
# CD RAR
# make
This installs well, after installation has RAR and unrar these two programs, RAR is the compression program, Unrar is the decompression program. They have a lot of parameter options, here are just a brief introduction, still examples of its use:
# rar a All *.jpg
This command compresses all. jpg files into a RAR package named All.rar, which will automatically append the. rar extension to the package name.
# Unrar E All.rar
This command is to extract all the files in the All.rar.
To this, we have introduced the Linux tar, gzip, gunzip, bzip2, bunzip2, compress, uncompress, zip, unzip, RAR, Unrar and other programs, you should already be able to use them to. tar,. GZ,. tar.gz,. tgz,. bz2,. tar.bz2,. Z,. Tar. Z,. zip,. rar, 10 kinds of compressed files to extract, you should not need to download a software and do not know how to solve Linux under the worry. And the above methods are basically effective for UNIX.
This article describes the programs that are compressed under Linux, such as tar, gzip, gunzip, bzip2, bunzip2, compress, uncompress, zip, unzip, RAR, Unrar, and how to use them for. Tar,. GZ,. tar.gz,. tgz,. bz2,. tar.bz2,. Z,. Tar. Z,. zip,. rar, 10 kinds of compressed files to operate.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
The first use of tar, you can not help but to the last command: TAR-CVF yourdirectory
Then of course the error: Tar:XXX:Is a directory (XXX is a catalog), this is because you do not understand what tar is to do, please look down, you will be enlightened ...
You seem to misunderstand the difference between tar and bzip2.

Tar is a file archive utility this takes a number of files, with pathnames, and puts them to a single binary file. It doesn ' t do anything to compress the data.

BZIP2 (like gzip and compress) is a file (or stream) compression utility, which takes a single file and makes it smaller.

If you want to create a archive of a directory, you first need to create a tar archive and then bzip2 compress the archive; The "Tarball" s often has the extension. tar.bz2 CODE:TAR-CFfile. tardir&& bzip2file. Tar you can also does this in one STEP:CODE:TAR-CJFfile. tar.bz2dirThis compresses better than all-in-one formats like ZIP, which compress each file seperately then append then put the comp ressed files into an archive.

If you want to compress each file within a directory, you can use CODE:BZIP2dir/* To does this recursively you'll need to the use Find:Code:finddir-exec bzip2 ' {} '; '

Analysis of compressed files under Linux (the difference between tar/gzip)