Animated frames and data frames

"Streaming media and frames in video"

Network video-The birth of streaming media
Streaming: The animation, audio or video and other multimedia through a special compression method into a compressed package, from the video server to the user in a continuous, real-time transmission. Users do not have to watch after all download, but the use of the corresponding player on the compressed animation, audio, video and other streaming multimedia file decompression directly to watch, the remaining parts will continue to download in the background.
Streaming media is the use of multimedia streaming.

Frames per second refers to: streaming media files in the/flash file, the number of images played in a second, typically 25-30.
Flash can make streaming media. flv, generally applicable to video can only be viewed; You can also make. swf, which can be placed into the as program code to interact with the user, such as the Three Kingdoms kill-. -, 4399flash games and more.
In modern video, frames--is the single image of the smallest unit in the image animation. A frame is a static picture, a continuous frame to form an animation, such as TV images. We usually say that the number of frames, in short, is the number of frames transmitted in 1 seconds, it can be understood that the graphics processor can refresh several times per second, usually with FPS (Frames Per Second). Each frame is a stationary image, and a fast and continuous display of frames creates the illusion of motion. The high frame rate allows for smoother, more realistic animations. The greater the number of frames per second (fps), the smoother the displayed action will be. Besides, ping,ping is to test the network by sending a test packet to a URL to see if the URL responds and counts the response time.



"Frames in computer data transfer"

what exactly does a frame mean in a computer? [Baidu Encyclopedia]
The data is transmitted on the network in a small unit called frame, and the frames are made up of several parts, and different parts perform different functions. Frames are molded by a specific software called a network driver, which is then sent to the cable through a network card and to the destination machine via a network cable to perform the opposite process at one end of the destination machine. The Ethernet card of the receiving end machine captures these frames and tells the operating system that the frame has arrived, and then the operating system controls the memory to store it. In this process of transmission and reception, the sniffer brings security problems.

How does the frame participate in the transmission on the computer???
IP protocol (to ensure that the computer is able to interpret data in a data frame, both computers use a common Internet communication protocol.) )
TCP protocol: Connection-oriented Transmission Control Protocol (three-time handshake (four disconnection), high security Integrity), more for file transfer;
UDP Protocol: Non-connected packet protocol (no connected data transmission, fast, but bad network condition when the rate is serious), more for video audio transmission.
The transport layer provides the channel for the transmission, and the protocol of the application layer is shown on the transport layer, just as people are walking on the road, the road may be the same, people are different.
The following is a TCP/IP layered model
┌────------────┐┌─┬─┬─-┬─┬─-┬─┬─-┬─┬─-┬─┬─-┐
│││d│f│w│f│h│g│t│i│s│u││
│││n│i│h│t│t│o│e│r│m│s│ its │
│ Fourth floor, application layer ││s│n│o│p│t│p│l│c│t│e││
││││g│i││p│h│n││p│n││
││││e│s│││e│e│││e│ It │
││││r││││r│t│││t││
└───────------─┘└─┴─┴─-┴─┴─-┴─┴─-┴─┴─-┴─┴-─┘
┌───────-----─┐┌─────────-------┬──--------─────────┐
│ Third layer, transport layer ││tcp│udp│
└───────-----─┘└────────-------─┴──────────--------─┘
┌───────-----─┐┌───----──┬───---─┬────────-------──┐
││││icmp││
│ Layer Two, ││└──---──┘│
│││ip│
└────────-----┘└────────────────────-------------─-┘
┌────────-----┐┌─────────-------┬──────--------─────┐
│ The first layer, network interface ││arp/rarp│ other │
└────────------┘└─────────------┴─────--------──────┘
TCP/IP four-layer Reference Model
the ICMP protocol is used to pass control messages between IP hosts and routers. The control message refers to the message that the network is unreachable, whether the host is accessible, whether the route is available, and so on, and ICMP only provides the error message and does not handle the message's re-send. The above-mentioned ping is based on the ICMP protocol.
the basic function of the ARP protocol is to check the MAC address of the target device through the IP address of the target device, so as to ensure the smooth communication.
Rarp is a reverse address Resolution protocol, in some cases, sending its own MAC address in the broadcast to understand the IP address of this port.

when data is sent, it is encapsulated by the upper layer down
four layer, the protocol layer transmits the data message, is mainly the protocol format;
three layer, the network layer transmits the data packet, contains the data message, and increases the transmission uses the IP address and so on three layer information;
two layer, the data link layer transmits the data frame, contains the packet, and adds the corresponding MAC address and the two layer information;
layer, the physical layer of transmission is 0/1 yards, accurately said from two to one layer is not exactly packaged, just two-layer frame of the signal hardware and software conversion to 0/1 digital signal;
In this process, the frame data is located in the second layer of the OSI, in the network cable is passed the frame conversion of binary code!
Packet in the network transmission process, HTTP and a series of upper layer protocols are encapsulated in the TCP packet, TCP and UDP encapsulated in the IP packet, IP data body encapsulated in the frame data.
when data is received, the lower layer is encapsulated in the upper layer.


frame is divided into: Frame header: Includes the location of the host's physical address and other network information.
frame data: IP data body: storage IP protocol.
<1> Data Body Header: IP Source address +ip Destination Address + other information
<2> Data Volume data area: User Data Protocol (UDP) + Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) + additional information about packets that contain additional process information and actual data.

"What is a socket?"
in fact, the socket is the TCP/IP protocol encapsulation, the socket itself is not a protocol, but a calling interface (API).
"TCP/IP is just a stack of protocols, just like operating systems, which must be implemented in a specific way, as well as providing an external interface for operations." This is like the operating system will provide a standard programming interface, such as the Win32 programming interface, TCP/IP should also provide the interface for programmers to do network development, this is the socket programming interface. "
applications can design different sockets and bind to a port based on different services, so that users can use different ports to perform different services.

Animated frames and data frames