April 13, 2016 Operations (outsourcing management, demand management, organization-level project management and large-scale project management)

First, outsourcing management
1. What are the five types of outsourcing? What is a relationship of interest?

A: Activity outsourcing, service outsourcing, internal package, package, interest relations;

Interests, which is a long-term cooperative relationship, the two sides to invest in this relationship, and then in accordance with the pre-proposed agreement to share the benefits, shared risk, colleagues shared interests. If the benefits are not fulfilled, the supplier will not receive any remuneration for their efforts and inputs.
2. What is the goal of outsourcing management? What are the four requirements for outsourcing management to achieve this goal?

A: The overall goal of software outsourcing management is to use a strong means to manage the many outsourced projects at the same time, to meet the schedule, quality, cost requirements.

① carefully selects qualified software contractors.

② mutually agree with each other's promise.

③ need to keep in constant communication.

④ follows the contractual commitments to track the actual completion of the contractor's performance and results.
3. Please outline the process of outsourcing management. Remember

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Development mode decision, contractor selection, outsourcing contract, monitoring outsourcing development process, results acceptance.
4. What is the principle of outsourcing? What is the business principle? Remember

A: The principle of outsourcing: focus on your core competencies, and outsource other functions to low-cost third-party vendors (or business process subcontractors).

The business principle of outsourcing is. Outsourcing can save money, manage time, and resources in order to use these limited resources for core competencies.
5. What is the straight line agreement method in outsourcing management? What is the characteristic of it?

A: Develop and evaluate the development contract and management structure of the best supplier-----set requirements, for future vision. The straight line approach gives you little opportunity to work with suppliers, and contracts and customer management processes, often with selected suppliers, must be tested within the organization.
6, what is the Service specification (note)? What steps should be included in its development and formulation?

A: The service specification is a "contract" that the service provider must comply with, and its development and formulation shall include the following steps. (1) Indicate the results or outputs required by the enterprise

(2) Outline the baseline of the current situation

(3) Define the relationship between the development of the service provider and the supplier
7, when the proposal, when the formulation of the content, including which three?

A: The proposal requires that the evaluation system and process formulation be made at the same time. The content includes:

(1) write a good specification.

(2) Background notes are particularly important if the information is not sufficiently (or fundamentally lacking) in the historical data on previous use or service performance. It also helps suppliers develop ideas that can help you achieve your business goals.

(3) Give bidders a hint and tell them how to respond.
8, what service level agreement (record)?

A: The service level agreement constitutes a bridge between the requirements specification and the contract. It must contain requirements and methods of measuring services, but it is best to make a distinction between the two in order to completely differentiate between the goals that must be achieved and how they are measured. The service level agreement can be developed by the service specification, but its measurement will determine the difficulty of the contract to the supplier. The price will be determined by the service level agreement and the price will be higher if the measurement method is more demanding.
9. What are the key factors that the service provider examines in the handover plan?

A: (1) A well-structured staff transfer measure.

(2) A period of assessment of equipment and assets.

(3) A reasonable measure to improve assets and equipment through investment or better maintenance.

(4) A clear and tidy management structure to ensure that the process continues, as well as to identify and explain problems.
10. What are the 3 types of outsourcing benefits when measuring outsourcing benefits?

Answer: cost reduction, quality improvement, other benefits.
11, an outsourced contract process, especially large-scale outsourcing, must go through which 2 stages? Understand the differences between the MOU and the contract and describe whether the MOU is legally binding?

A: First understand the memorandum (MOU), then the overall contract.

MoU is a shorter agreement, a statement of intent before the contract. A contract is a document of legal effect. The MOU does not usually have the legal rate constraint as the contract; it describes the moral, not the legal, obligation.
12, how to eliminate the risk of outsourcing projects?
(1) fully understand your project

(2) Divide and conquer
Second, demand management
1. What is the purpose of demand management?

A: Ensure a consistent understanding of the needs of all parties, manage and control changes in requirements, and track from requirements to end products in two directions.
2. What are the workflow processes for demand management?

A: Requirements management definition, requirements management process, the development of requirements management plan, management requirements and implementation of recommendations and other content.
3. What is Demand engineering? What are the 2 major categories of demand engineering activities?

A: All activities directly related to demand are collectively referred to as demand engineering. Requirements engineering activities can be divided into two categories, one belongs to demand development, the other belongs to demand management.
4. What is the purpose of the demand development (remember)? What is the result?

A: The purpose of demand development is to obtain user requirements and define product requirements through investigation and analysis. The results of software project requirements development should include project attempts and scope documents, use case documentation, software Requirements specification, and related analysis models, which define the baseline requirements for development work.
5. What are the four processes of demand development? Please outline them separately. Remember

A: (1) demand acquisition. Actively communicate with users, capture, analyze and correct the requirements of the target system, and refine the user requirements to solve the problem, and produce the user requirement specification.

(2) Demand analysis. The purpose of demand analysis is to analyze and abstract the various requirements information, and establish a conceptual model for the target system.

(3) requirements definition. The objective of the requirement definition is to further define the exact product requirements and produce the requirements specification according to the results of demand investigation and demand analysis. System designers will carry out system design work according to the requirements specification.

(4) Requirements verification. Requirement verification means that the developer and the user jointly review the requirements document, and make a written commitment to the demand document, so as to have the commercial contract effect.
6. What are the six major steps in the requirements management process in CMMI? Remember

A: Develop a demand management plan, understand the needs, obtain a commitment to the needs, change the management requirements, maintain the two-way tracking of demand, identify the inconsistency between project work and demand.
7, understand the maintenance of the two-way tracking of demand, and briefly.

A: The purpose of this particular practice is to maintain bidirectional traceability of each product decomposition layer. If demand management is good, it can be built from the source demand to its lower level of demand traceability, and from the lower level of demand to their source requirements of traceability. This bidirectional traceability helps to determine whether all source requirements are fully processed and whether all low-level requirements can be traced to a valid source.
8. For the following requirements status values, please describe the recommended, approved, implemented, validated, deleted definitions? (Remember 5 names)

A: It has been suggested that the requirement has been recommended by those who have the right to ask for demand.

Approved: The requirement has been analyzed to estimate its impact on the remainder of the project (including cost and interference with the remainder of the project), which has been assigned to the relevant baseline with a defined product version number or creation number, and the software development team has agreed to implement the requirement.

Implemented: The design, writing, and unit testing of the requirements code have been implemented.

Verified: The requirements of the implementation have been validated using the selected method, such as testing and testing, and the review of the requirement tracking is consistent with the test case. The requirement is now considered complete

Deleted: The planned requirements have been removed from the baseline, but include a reason description and the person who made the deletion decision
9. What are the main steps to develop a demand management plan?

A: (1) Establish and maintain the organizational policy of demand management

(2) Identify resources to be used for demand management

(3) Assigning responsibilities

(4) Training Plan

(5) Identify the stakeholders in the requirements management and determine the timing of their intervention

(6) Formulating guidelines and corrective procedures for judging the inconsistency between project work and demand

(7) Development of a demand-tracking matrix

(8) Making requirements change approval rules

(9) Establishment of approval procedures
10. What is bidirectional tracking? What is the requirement tracking matrix?

A: "Bidirectional tracking" is to correct the tracking and reverse tracking. Regardless of the tracking method, it is required to establish and maintain the demand tracking matrix (i.e. tabular) requirement tracking matrix to preserve the correspondence between the requirements and the follow-up work results. Because of the complexity of the correspondence relation of demand tracking matrix, it is better to add necessary textual explanations in the table. When the requirement document or the subsequent work results change, the requirement tracking matrix should be updated in time.

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One, on the requirements Specification version control, the first version is marked as 1.0 (draft 1), the next draft mark why? What is marked after the document is accepted? If only minor changes, then be marked as 1.1 (draft 1), if there is a larger change, then the 2.0 version (draft 1).

A: The next edition is labeled "Version 1.0 (draft 2)". When the document is accepted, it is marked as "1.0 official version". If only minor changes can be considered as "version 1.1 (draft 1)", if there is a greater change, then the 2.0 version (draft 1).
12. What do the dashes mean in the standard modifier? What does the underscore mean? A vertical dash at the margins of the page indicates the position of each change. Remember

A: An underscore represents a cancellation, an underscore is added, and a vertical dash that also becomes blank indicates the position of each change.
13, the requirements management chapter, the Change Control Committee, which representatives may include?

A: Product or program Management Department, Project Management department, development Department, testing or Quality Assurance Department, marketing department or customer representative, Production user documentation Department, technical Support department, help desk or user support Hotline Department, configuration Management department.
14, in the demand tracking, including four types of demand tracking capacity chain, please briefly describe it. Remember

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What is the requirement tracking capability matrix?

A: The requirement tracking capability matrix is the most common way to represent the chain of relationships between requirements and other system elements.
16, what is "impact analysis", the ability to carry out impact analysis depends on what?
Answer: Impact analysis is an important part of demand management. Impact analysis can provide an accurate understanding of proposed changes and help make informed change approval decisions. The ability to conduct impact analysis relies on the quality and integrity of the tracking capability data.
Iii. organization-level project management and large-scale project management
1. What are the 2 elements of project portfolio management? Remember

A: Risk assessment, improve resource utilization efficiency
2, the traditional project management is the bottom-up management mode, is the partial tactical management mode. Project Portfolio management?

A: Portfolio management is a top-down management approach, which is to define the organization's strategic objectives, prioritize the projects that meet the organization's strategic objectives, and effectively execute the project in the context of the Organization's financial and resource capabilities.

3 , the Strategic approach of the organization includes goal-oriented and resource-oriented, which occupies the majority of the IT field?

A: In the IT world, goal-oriented organizations account for the overwhelming majority.
4. What is the basic process of project portfolio management?

Answer: The basic process of portfolio management: Project selection and prioritization.
5. What are the three methods of structured project selection and prioritization?

Answer: Decision table technology, financial Analysis and DIPP analysis.
6, dipp= who divided by who? Dipp is less than 1, what does it mean?

A: DIPP=EVM (up to the present time)/etc (estimated cost at completion)

EMV : Refers to the expected monetary value of the project, ETC: Cost to be completed

Dipp less than 1 means that the actual cost of the project is higher than the budgeted cost. Then the project should be adjusted or terminated. By analyzing the EMV and etc equivalents of the project, the project manager can choose the project with the highest DIPP value.
7, for large and complex projects, what are the general characteristics? Remember

A: Long project cycle, large project size, complex project composition, complex project team, large-scale project manager's daily responsibilities more focused on management responsibilities.
8, the judgment: The General project plan mainly concerns the project activity plan, but for the large-scale project, must first consider the project process plan before the plan of the activity.

Answer: Yes.
9, Judgment: large-scale projects, must establish a process-based management system.

Answer: Yes.
10. What are the 2 main stages of large IT projects? Who will do the first stage? What about the 2nd stage?

A: requirements definition and requirements implementation phase. The first stage has a professional consulting firm to define the requirements in detail; the second stage is the system integration company.
11, the Judgment: the project plan when the requirement definition completes, should carry on the bigger revision.

Answer: Yes.
12, in general, large-scale projects, according to which 3 levels to develop a work breakdown structure?

A: According to the project organization structure, product structure, life cycle 3 levels to develop a work breakdown structure.
13, in large-scale IT projects, progress, cost, scope, quality, which is not suitable for distortion? What is the possibility that there is greater information distortion?

A: Generally speaking, it project progress and cost actual performance information is relatively clear, should not be distorted. However, there is a great possibility of information distortion in the range and quality.

April 13, 2016 Operations (outsourcing management, demand management, organization-level project management and large-scale project management)