Basic computer knowledge + learning direction

The computers currently in use follow the von Neumann architecture. The main points of the theory are: digital computing is the number of systems using binary system, the computer in accordance with the sequence of procedures, must use binary data storage and processing, the rules referred to as "hardware and software combination, logical combination of hardware." The unification is called the electronic computer, at present the photon calculator, the quantum computer is in the research stage.

Computer language is broadly divided into three languages: machine language, microcode language, high-level language. Machine language is a binary language, with 1, 0 as the basis for judging the most basic computer language, the operation is extremely difficult, through the binary language of human-computer communication, it is not easy; then developed the microcode language, assembly language is the language of the microcode language, which is the closest binary natural language, Through the conversion of the assembler to binary language, the operation of the machine hardware, the assembler function is very simple, different hardware needs a different assembler; the most widely used advanced languages are the system-level language and the application-level language, the two languages have different applications, and the system-level language includes C, Java, etc. Application-level languages include PHP, Python, Perl, and so on.

The realization of human-machine interaction requires the cooperation of the operating system, the operating system can also be a virtual abstraction layer of hardware, the user operation on the machine, the operating system through a series of work calls the internal hardware of the mutual cooperation, to achieve the user needs of the operation. The key part is the interface part of the operating system, which plays a connecting role, the interface is encapsulated in kernel, and when the user makes the operation, the process invokes the interface.

In the field of it technology learning direction, on the one hand for the development direction, on the other hand, operation and maintenance direction.

Development direction: Pure use of machine language for hardware development, software development using microcode language and advanced language development system-level and application-level software, high-level language can be categorized according to the system-level application level, according to object-oriented, process-oriented classification, weak language, strong language classification. The process-oriented programming approach focuses on the data structure and the aspects of the logic, while the object-oriented method pays more attention to the processing process. Strong language is popularly known as compiled language, weak language is called interpretative language, weak language needs interpreter, but interpreter is written in strong language.

Basic computer knowledge + learning direction