Basic concepts of installation and uninstallation of Linux software

Program format for C + +

1, the source code, the program's text file

If you want to compile the source code, you need the compiler, the header file, the development library

2. Binary format, compiled executable file

Java/python program Format

1. Source code, compiled into a format capable of running on its virtual machine (JVM/PVM)

2. Binary format

Project Building Tools

C + +: Make

Java:maven

These tools describe the dependencies of the program ahead of time, compiling the program according to the requirements of the dependencies (the developer's configuration document)

These are more abstract, not programmers, basically do not understand now, probably do an understanding

Package Manager

Source code (based on usage environment)--"Target binary format (binary program, library file, configuration file, Help file)--" to form a or a limited number of "package" file, to achieve software installation, upgrade, uninstall, query, check

Debian DPT (Debian packages Tool) DPKG (Package command line management tools) ". Deb"

RHEL rpm (Redhat Package Manager) ". RPM"

SUSE RPM is not compatible with RHEL systems

The name format of the source code program

Name-version.tar.gz

Version:major.minor.release

Major version Minor version issue number

Named format for RPM packages

name-version-release.arch.rpm

Release: Refers to the RPM package issue number, Arch refers to the operating system platform I386 x86_64 PPC Noarch

Split Package

Split the original package into several packages, with the main package and the secondary package. The main package contains all the components required for the program to run. The sub-package contains files such as the program's Development library

Main package: name-version-release.arch.rpm

Sub-Package: name-function-version-release.arch.rpm

Release Notes

Changelog

Dependent relationships

The operation of a program needs to first use the B program to draw a conclusion, with this conclusion a program can run, then a program depends on the B program.

In order to resolve dependencies, a front-end tool has emerged that automatically resolves dependencies

Yum:rhel Series RPM Package Manager front-end tools

Apt-get (Apt-cache): Deb Package Manager front-end tool

Zypper:suse the RPM Package Manager's front-end tool

Dnf:fedora Front-end tool for RPM Package Manager on 22+ system

Basic concepts of installation and uninstallation of Linux software