Basic installation and maintenance of Cisco Routers

1 control port connection
First, connect one end of the control cable RJ45 in the cisco2500/1000 series router accessories to the Cisco con
On the sole port, the ciso7000/4000 series router connects one end of the db25 of the modem cable to the C
On the onsole port, one end of DB9 is connected to COM1/2 of the PC.
Set the simulation terminal program on the PC: for example, use the terminal program in windows, use COM1/2,960
0 BPS, 8
Data bit, 2 stop
Bit. Others use the default value. After the control port is connected, turn on the power switch of the router.
2. Initial installation
Generally, it is recommended that you use a machine for installation, which is both beautiful and easy to maintain.
!!! Note: The vro must use a valid power supply. Generally, the zero-ground power supply is required.
The voltage is <4 V, and the zero fire/ground fire voltage is 220 V. Ground Line Protection basically requires that devices accessing the Internet be protected
Ground Protection. These devices include hosts and workstations.
, Hub, switch, router, and MODEM connected to the router. The terminal or PC that configures the router is required.
Use a valid power supply.
Cisco synchronous serial interfaces are commonly used. Different interfaces, such as RS232,
V.35. In addition, the cables of Cisco synchronous serial interface cables are specially pre-fabricated.
During the first installation, the system automatically enters the Dialog
Setup. Answer the router name, encrypt the super logon password, super logon password, and remote logon password in sequence.
, Dynamic routing protocol, configuration of each interface, and so on. Then, answer yes to save the configuration. Then wait for 2 minutes,
Press
Press enter. The vro name is displayed. Run the enable command to obtain the super logon password. Vro appears
Name #. Enter config
Terminal:
No Service Config
No IP domain-Lookup
(Further configuration)
Exit by CTRL-Z and the vro name # appears #. Write
Save the configuration for memory.
3 General synchronous dialing, leased line, DDN connection Configuration
IPX routing IPX Routing
Interface serial 0 interface serial 0
IP address 1.1.1.1 255.0.0.0 IP address 1.1.1.2.
255.0.0.0
IPX Network 111 IPX
Network 111

Interface Ethernet 0 interface Ethernet 0
IP address 12.1.1.1 255.0.0.0 IPaddress 16.1.1.1
255.0.0.0
IPX network 123456 IPX
Network 987654

Router IGRP 1 Router
IGRP 1
Network 1.0.0.0 network 1.0.0.0
Network 12.0.0.0 Network
16.0.0.0
4. X.25 connection Configuration
IP routing IP
Routing

Interface serial 0 interface serial 0
IP address 1.1.1.1 255.0.0.0 IP address 1.1.1.2
255.0.0.0
Encapsulation x25 encapsulation x25
X25 address 32699x25 address 32688
X25 HTC 16x25 HTC 16
X25 idle
6x25 idle 6
X25 map IP 1.1.1. 2 32688 broadcast x25 map IP 1.1.1.1
32699 Broadcast

Interface Ethernet 0 interface Ethernet 0
IP address 12.1.1.1 255.0.0.0 IP address 16.1.1.1 255.0.0.0

Router IGRP 1 router IGRP
1
Network 1.0.0.0 network 1.0.0.0
Network 12.0.0.0 network 16.0.0.0
5 General Fault Judgment
First, check the status of the modem. If the DCD of the modem is not on, the connection is faulty. Check the line first.
Connection.
Check the cable connection of the vro.
Connect the control terminal to the vro. Press enter to enter the vro name.
Interface serial 0
View the status of the first line, line, and line protocol:
If line is
Up indicates the DCD signal of the Line Interface received by the router; otherwise, the DCD signal of the line interface is low.
.
If line protocol is
Up indicates that the line protocol of the line interface is successfully matched. Otherwise, the line Protocol match fails.
Enter show interface Ethernet 0
If line protocol is up, the line interface is connected normally.
6 Fault Detection and troubleshooting methods
The communication system may have some faults during operation. How can we quickly locate the faults and repair them in time?
The change is the key to maintaining the normal operation of the system. Below, we provide
Some reference methods:
(2) identify Ethernet port faults:
For the diagnosis of Ethernet port faults, we can use show Interface
Ethernet 0
(For diagnosis of Ethernet port 0), it is used to check the status of a link, as shown below:
Router # Show int Ethernet 0
Ethernet 0 is up, line protocol is up
: Normal =================== Ethernet 0 is up, line protocol is up
: Connection failure. The router is not connected to the LAN ===== Ethernet 0 is up, line
Protocol is down
: Interface fault ===== Ethernet 0 is down, line protocol is down (disable)
: The interface is artificially disabled ==== Ethernet 0 is administratively down, line
Protocol is down (interface_mode can be configured
Remove the shutdown command ).
In addition, shown is available when we suspect that the port has a physical fault.
Version, which indicates that the ports are properly and rationally available, but the ports with physical faults are not displayed.

(2) judge the serial port fault
When a remote communication is interrupted, we should isolate the fault in the following order:
Line --- *} Port
Determine if the line is interrupted
: DDN line. View DTU indicators. There are four types of indicators on DTU: power, line, DTR, and rea.
Dy
. The power lamp should be on long after DTU is powered on, while the line and Ready lights indicate the DTU and DDN node machines.
Normally, the two lights should also be on.
If any exception is found, contact the DDN Network Management Center in time. DTR light indicates the connection between DTU and DTE (router)
When the router is powered on, if the serial port status is normal, the DTr lights on the DTU should also be kept on
Occasionally flash off when the line is disconnected ).
: Analog line. Check the indicator lights on the modem. For synchronous leased lines, CD, TD, and RD should be protected.
When there is data uploaded and transmitted over the WAN, the TD and RD lights will flash continuously when the lights are not correct.
Normally, contact the telecommunications department.
(B) Judge port faults:
For serial port fault diagnosis, we can use show interface serial
0
(For the diagnosis of serial port 0, the diagnosis of other serial ports is similar), it is used to check a link
As follows:
Router # Show int serial 0
Serial 0 is up, line protocol is up
: Serialt 0 is up, line protocol is up === normal
: Serial 0 is up, line protocol is
Down ===== the port has no physical faults, but the upper-layer protocol is not available (IP, IPX, x25, etc. Please check the vro's
Configure the command to check whether the address matches ).
: Serial 0 is down, line protocol is
Down (disable): A physical fault occurs on the port. Only the port is replaced.
: Serial 0 is down, line protocol is
Down: the DCE device (moden/DTU) has not sent the carrier/clock signal. Please contact the telecommunications department.
: Serial 0 is administratively down, line protocol is
Down === the interface is artificially disabled and interface_mode can be configured.
Remove the shutdown command.
In addition, shown is available when we suspect that the port has a physical fault.
Version, which indicates that the ports are properly and rationally available, but the ports with physical faults are not displayed.

7 General commands
(= The following commands are equivalent commands provided after 11.0)
Enable to log on to super Logon
Disable
Show Config = show start show NVRAM Configuration
Write terminal = show run shows the current valid configuration
Write memory = copy run start save the current valid configuration to NVRAM
Write erase clear NVRAM Configuration
Show interface serial 0: displays the status of serial interface 0
Show IP Route displays the current IP route table
Show IPX route: displays the current IPX route table
Show IPX servers: displays the current IPX server table
Config
Terminal configure the router from the terminal and exit by the CTRL-Z
IPX routing activates IPX on this vro
Interface serial 0 configure Synchronous Serial Interface 0
Encapsulation PPP the line protocol for this interface is PPP
IP address 12.1.1.1
255.0.0.0 the IP address of this interface is 12.1.1.1, And the subnet mask is 255.0.0.0
IPX
Nework 123456 the IPX network address of this interface is 123456
Configure the route protocol rip
Network 12.0.0.0 this routing protocol includes 12.0.0.0 Network