Basic Linux commands

Basic Linux commands-general Linux technology-Linux technology and application information. For more information, see the following section. Basic1: shutdown: init 0 or shutdown-h now

Basic2: restart: init 6 or reboot or shutdown-r now

1. function: Force delete all files in the directory

Command: rm-rf *

Note: This command is executed within the directory you want to operate. to delete this directory, execute this command in the upper-level directory of this directory:

Rm-rf directory name

2. function: view environment variables

Command: echo $ PATH

3. function: Add Environment Variables

Command: PATH = $ PATH: absolute PATH

4. function: view disk usage

Command: df-h

5. function: View partition information

Command: fdisk-l

6. function: view directory details

Command: du-h

7. function: Search for files

Command: find destdir-name filename or whereis filename or locate filename (you must first execute updatedb)

8. function: copy a directory

Command: cp-r * sourceDir destDir

9. function: Check whether an rpm is installed.

Command: rpm-aq | grep-I rpmName

Note: parameter I indicates case-insensitive

10. function: uninstall rpm

Command: rpm-e rpmName

11. function: Search for files based on the Content

Command: find destDir-type f | xargs grep-I kerwords

12. function: Add a default route

Command: ip route add default via IPADDR

13. function: Xwindow Type Switch

Command: switchdesk KDE or GNOME or others

Note: The premise is that you have installed these xwindows

14. function: add the environment variable to the file. Sometimes the environment variable added after the command is restarted when PATH = $ PATH:/is directly executed. This operation can avoid this situation.

Command: export PATH = $ PATH:/absoluteDir write to/ect/profile

15. function: Change the Startup Mode

Operation: Change the init runlevel in the/ect/inittab file. There are seven options: 0-6. Generally, choose 3 or 5.

16. function: Create a soft link

Command: ln-s srcfile linkfilename

Note: just create a hard link and remove the parameter s.

17. function: grant File Permissions

Command: chmod + x filename (add executable permission)

Note: Add executable permissions to all files in a directory: chmod + x ./*

18. function: network configuration (taking static IP configuration as an example)

Operation: vi/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0, edit as follows

DEVICE = eth0

ONBOOT = yes

BOOTPROTO = none

IPADDR = your ip

NETMASK = mask

GATEWAY = GATEWAY

Ip information is now configured, and then configure DNS

Vi/ect/resolv. conf

Nameserver dns1

Nameserver dns2

Restart the network service and run the service network restart command.

19. function: automatic loading of new drivers (taking network drivers as an example)

Operation: first import the e1000.o plugin to/lib/modules/2.6.18. */kernel/drivers/net folder, and then execute insmod e1000.o or modify this file/etc/modules. conf, add the following statement alias eth0 e1000, so that the system will automatically load the driver library when the system starts.