Basic technology of data center cabling

First, the preface

Cisco recently released a report saying that global networking equipment is expected to increase from 5 billion units to 15 billion by 2015, and 2015 Global monthly Internet traffic will increase from 1 bytes in 2004 to 80 bytes (1 MB = 1 billion GB). In the face of such a huge internet equipment and data flow, it is bound to have a corresponding number of basic wiring system to support, especially in the relatively centralized data flow of the Internet, finance and telecommunications industries, the traditional wiring system has been difficult to meet the operational needs of enterprises, so as data processing center of the building, will be the focus of network infrastructure construction in the future.

Due to the large data center of the wiring product quality, the system construction level requirements are high, wiring enterprises have a professional division of labor, now most of the domestic large data center wiring project focused on the professional provision of data center cabling program Enterprises, about 5-6 international wiring brands such as Rosenberg and other enterprises, Compared to traditional cabling brands, which have the advantage of acquiring project opportunities, these few data center cabling enterprises occupy about 70% of the market share of large data center cabling [1]. Centralized market characteristics, many traditional cabling practitioners have little opportunity to penetrate the data center cabling technology. Compared with the traditional structure of the building wiring, data center cabling technology has more technical details and application characteristics, especially for the new wiring industry practitioners, in the event of a data center project will even have the confusion. Although there are many kinds of professional papers about the data center in the industry, the introduction of the professional is very difficult for beginners to understand. In order for more people to care about the data center, this article only discusses some data center cabling system basic knowledge.

II. Data Center Related technical standards

To understand the data center cabling structure, first of all, we should know the relevant standards of data center cabling. At present, the comparison of the common data center cabling technical standards is shown in table 1.

At home and abroad, the authoritative standards for the design of the computer room are the TIA-942 "Data Center communication facilities Standard" and the Chinese national Standard GB50174 "Electronic Information System Room design Code", TIA-942 standard combined with the advantages of previous relevant standards and norms. At the same time to make up for the previous data center design and construction phase of information barriers, comprehensive consideration of such as electrical systems, HVAC (heating and ventilation and air-conditioning), fire detection and suppression, security and other applications in the telecommunications infrastructure and space coexistence; GB50174 Design Code of electronic Information System room Based on the relevant content of TIA942 standard, the paper compiles a national mandatory standard which is more suitable for China's national conditions.

Third, the data center wiring structure

Depending on the scale, the data center can be a complex, a building or a building, mainly used to accommodate the establishment of computer rooms and support space, in the functional data center is the electronic information storage, processing and transfer center, is the information hub of enterprises and institutions [2]. The data center wiring discussed in this paper mainly refers to the structural wiring of the computer room, including the server room, the network room, the storage room and other functional areas.

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Compared with the traditional structured wiring by six subsystems, the data center wiring system is divided into: main wiring area MDA, Middle wiring area IDA, horizontal wiring area HDA, regional wiring area Zda, and equipment wiring area EDA and so on. TIA-942-A Large data center cabling overall topology as shown in Figure 1.

TIA942 Standard described in the wiring system structure, is the current computer room wiring project widely used in the implementation of the framework, the following as an example of wiring system of the specific components of the content and technical points.

MDA main wiring area, that is, the core Exchange area, the connection from each intermediary wiring area, the horizontal distribution area, as well as between the telecommunication and the near line each layer main wiring, is the data center core wiring area. The MDA is to some extent equivalent to the subsystem of the equipment between the building wiring.

The IDA intermediate wiring area, for large data centers that occupy multiple buildings, floors, or multiple rooms, often involves Ida's intermediate wiring area, the wiring of the converged swap area. For some small and medium-sized data centers, IDA intermediate wiring area is not necessary.

HDA horizontal wiring area, is the data center level management area, is generally located at one end or two ends of each row of cabinets, so it is often referred to as a header cabinet, but also in the middle of each column cabinet. Each horizontal wiring area according to the management of the number of equipment cabinets, generally no more than 15, when centralized management, the management of the point is generally not more than 2000 points. Data center wiring, in the main wiring area, PC Server area, minicomputer area, as well as storage areas and other areas will have a corresponding header cabinet. The function of the horizontal wiring area is similar to the floor management Room (IDF) in the wiring of buildings.

Zda area Wiring area, Zda is the entire data center wiring in the only area that does not contain source equipment, generally only in large data center room, equipment needs to be constantly moving or changing settings. The Zda can be either a cabinet or a rack, or a cable connection can be completed through the aggregation point (CP).

EDA equipment wiring area, equipment wiring area refers to the PC server, small machine, storage equipment, switches, KVM and other network equipment wiring. In order to improve the stability of the network equipment in the data center, it is possible to reduce the plug and pull of the net device, and the network switch port and the wiring device port of the general horizontal wiring area are exchanged through the cross connection mode. EDA corresponds to the workspace of the data center.