Brief summary of various major website architectures [Share]

1. Facebook Architecture
General hierarchy, FacebookArchitectureYou can change the hierarchy from different perspectives. One is: one is the classic LAMP stack of PHP; the other is a variety of non-PHP services.
-- The Web front end is written by PHP. Facebook's hiphop will convert PHP to C ++ and compile it with G ++, so that it can provide high performance for the template and web congratulation service layer.
-- The business logic exists as a service and thrift is used. These services are implemented by PHP, C ++, or Java based on different requirements (other languages can also be used ......)
-- Persistence is completed by MySQL, memcached, Facebook's Cassandra, and hadoop's hbase. Memcached uses the MySQL memory cache. Facebook engineers acknowledge that their Cassandra usage is being reduced because they prefer hbase because of its simpler consistency model to support its mapreduce capabilities.

2. Summary of the website architecture

Flickr.com is one of the most popular photo sharing websites on the Internet. Do you still remember Hamad Darwish, which took a wallpaper for Windows Vista? He just uploaded the photo to Flickr and was taken into consideration by Microsoft to become a professional photographer for Vista wallpapers.

-- Pair of serveriron's Load Balancing

-- SQUID: cache HTML and photos

-- Memcached for data caching

-- In particular, MySQL Databases use master-slave and shards technologies to achieve Load Balancing for MySQL databases, solve database bottlenecks, and achieve horizontal database scaling.

3. YouTube architecture Summary

This seems to be harmonious in China and requires Fan Qiang to access (somehow ). Look at himArchitecture:
-- NetScaler is used for load balancing and static content caching
-- Use Lighttpd as the Web server to provide video services
-- CDN backs up content in multiple places, so that the content is closer to the user and the chances are higher.
-- Using Google's bigtable, a distributed data storage and database is divided into shards. Different users specify different shards and use bigtable to back up images to different data centers, code to check who is the most recent

4. Summary of plentyoffish Architecture

In my opinion, the most amazing thing is that a person spends 2 hours a day to maintain a daily PV of 3000 W, and is based on. net (haha, finally give it to us.. Net programmers ). Brief Introduction to himArchitecture:
-- Use Microsoft Windows as the server

-- Use ASP. NET Technology

-- Use IIS as a Web Container

-- Use Akamai CDN to cache webpages

-- Use foundry serveriron for Load Balancing

-- Sqlserver adopts the master-slave architecture. The two are responsible for read operations, and the master is responsible for write operations.

-- All request data is compressed using gzip.

5. Summary of Wikipedia Architecture

Wikipedia is a global multilingual encyclopedia collaboration program based on Wiki technology. It is also a network encyclopedia presented on the Internet, its purpose and purpose is to provide free encyclopedias for all mankind, written in the language they choose, and a dynamic, free and global body of knowledge.

-- Geodns allows users to access the Web server closest to their region

-- Use LVS to achieve Load Balancing

-- Use Lighttpd as an image server

-- Use mediawiki Software

-- A large number of caches, squid as the reverse proxy, and memcached as the data cache

-- Use a MySQL database cluster

6. Google Architecture

GoogleArchitectureSort out the following information:

-- GFS: Google's powerful, Scalable Distributed File System for large-scale data-intensive applications

-- Mapreduce: Google's distributed parallel computing system, gfs stores data, while mapreduce processes data in the fastest and most reliable way.

-- Bigtable: Google's solution based on GFS and mapreduce for storing structured data. with this solution, it not only can store structured data, but also better manage and make load balancing decisions.

7. Youku Network Architecture

In China, I can't go to YouTube, but I can only look at Youku. Youku is doing a good job in China, and the video loading speed is obviously faster than that of Tudou. Let's look at him.ArchitectureRight:

-- A self-built modular CMS system with flexible front-end

-- MySQL databases can be flexibly scaled horizontally from a single MySQL Server (just running) to simple MySQL master-slave replication, SSD optimization, vertical database sharding, and horizontal sharding database sharding.

-- To avoid memory copy and Memory Lock, no (rarely) content cache is used.

-- The core is to build a complete CDN network. the proximity principle allows you to obtain video information from the server closest to you when watching videos, so we see Youku is faster than Tudou, and the reason is here.

8. Twitter Architecture

Twitter is simple, but complicated, and tangled. The originator of these 140 words made a Chinese XXX Very cool. Let's talk about him.ArchitectureRight:

-- Extensive platforms:

-Ruby on Rails: Web Application Framework
-Erlang: General concurrency-oriented programming language, open source project address: http://www.erlang.org/
-AWStats: Real-time log analysis system: open source project address: http://awstats.sourceforge.net/
-Memcached: distributed memory cache Creation
-Starling: lightweight Message Queue developed by ruby
-Varnish: high-performance open-source HTTP accelerator
-Kestrel: message-oriented middleware written in Scala, open-source project address: http://github.com/robey/kestrel
-Comet server: comet is an Ajax persistent connection technology. With comet, servers can actively push data to Web browsers to avoid performance loss caused by client polling.
-Libmemcached: A memcached Client
-Use the MySQL database server
-Mongrel: Ruby HTTP server, specifically for rails, open source project address: http://rubyforge.org/projects/mongrel/
-Munin: Server Monitoring Program, Project address: http://munin-monitoring.org/
-Nagios: network monitoring system, project address: http://www.nagios.org/
-- Refine memcached and create vector cache, row cache, fragmeng cache, and cache pool page cache.
-- Awesome message queue, a distributed queue written in Ruby Starling

9. yupoo website architecture

A best image service provider in China, although there is still a gap with Flickr, but it is also good, saying that image and video are very server-burning and bandwidth-consuming, it's not easy to have such expensive bandwidth in China. Well, let's take a look at him.ArchitectureRight:

-- SQUID: It seems that the image cache is quite good, and it is still distributed. It can hit hard disks and memory, and the speed is not bad.

-- Mogilefs Image Storage

-- MySQL database sharding design, vertical database sharding, horizontal sharding, and cross-database association query

-- Transparent Cache Design

10. Amazon website architecture

Since its childhood, Amazon has now become the online retailer with the largest variety of commodities in the world and the world's 2nd largest Internet companies. It looks like a great deal, and the architecture must be very sharp. Let's take a look at the following:

-- Platform: Linux, Oracle, C ++, Perl, Mason, Java, JBoss, and servlets

-- Dynamo key-value Storage Architecture