C + + templates and generics programming

Templates are the basis for generic programming in C + +. A template is a blueprint or formula that creates a class or function. When using generic types such as vectors or generic functions such as find, we provide enough information to convert the blue sky into a specific class or function. This conversion occurs at compile time.

Defining templates

-The two functions are almost identical, and the only difference is the type of the parameter, which is exactly the same as the function body

1 intCompareConst string&AMP;V1,Const string&v2)2 {3     if(V1 < v2)return-1;4     if(V2 < V1)return 1;5     return 0;6 }7 intCompareConst Double&AMP;V1,Const Double&v2)8 {9     if(V1 < v2)return-1;Ten     if(V2 < V1)return 1; One     return 0; A}

-"function template

-"We can define a generic function template instead of defining a new function for each type, a function template is a formula that can be used to generate a version of a function for a particular type." The compare version of the function may look like this

Template <typename t>       // template definition keyword template  parameter list <typename T,...; In the template definition, the Templates argument list cannot be empty  int Compare (constconst T &v2) {    ifreturn - 1 ;     if (V2 < V1) return 1 ;     return 0 ;}

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C + + templates and generics programming