CentOS file wildcard; predefined characters; a simple example

File Wildcard Use Example

* Match 0 or more characters

~]# ls x* such as searching for files or directories that begin with X

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? Match any single character

~]# ls x? Search for files that begin with X or a single character in a directory

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^ Get Reverse value

~ Current User Home Directory

~]# CD Back home directory

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~username ~]# CD ~makangbo back to user home directory

~]# ll ~/can also access directories or files

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~+ Current Working Directory

/]# CD ~+ similar to. Show Current working directory

/]# ls ~+/root can also access directories or files

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~-Previous working directory

/]# CD For example I first CD back home directory then ~]# CD ~-input CD ~-back to previous working directory

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~]# ll ~-/root can access the directory or file

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[0-9] matching a range of numbers

~]# ll x[0-9] access to see the file or directory ending with x [0-9] as a number

~]# ll X[1A3] Access view beginning with x [1;a;3;] File or directory with the mantissa as the result

~]# LL X[^1A3] Take an anti-access file or directory ' ^ ' that starts with x not [1a3]

[A-z] letter range

~]# ll X[a-c] access to view files or directories ending with the [a-c] letter beginning with X

The middle includes uppercase letter AB and so on, of course the range written to lowercase C certainly not to uppercase C

[A-z] format "AABBC" in the middle of a small letter A includes the range of the upper case AB to the lowercase letter C

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*: Any of the characters

?: any single character

[]: Specify any single character in the range

[^]: Specify a single character outside the range

Pre-defined character classes: # Man 7 glob

[:d igit:] Any number, equivalent to 0-9 between ~]# ll xiaomag[[:d Igit:]]

To access files that end with a ' number range ' for files beginning with Xiaomag

[: Lower:] Any lowercase letter ~]# ll Xiaomag[[:lower:]] access to Xia Omag files beginning with a ' lowercase letter A-Z range ' end file

[: Upper:] Any capital letter ~]# ll Xiaomag[[:upper:]] access to Xia Omag files beginning with ' capital letter A-Z range '

[: Aplha:] Any uppercase and lowercase letter ~]# ll Xiaomag[[:alpha:]] Access the file beginning with the Xiaomag ' size Write the letter Aa-zz within the range first small after large ' for the end of the file

[: Alnum:] Any number or letter ~]# ll Xiaomag[[:alnum:]] access to XIAOM Files beginning with AG end with ' any number or uppercase letter '

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Practice

1: Displays all files or directories in the/var directory that begin with M, end with a lowercase letter, and have at least one digit (can have other characters) appear in the middle.

~]# ls-1/var/m*[[:d igit:]]*[[:lower:]]

(arranged in one file per line) *: matches 0 or more characters; [[:d Igit:]] any number begins; [[: Lower:]] lowercase Letter

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2: Displays files or directories that start with any number in the/etc directory and end with a non-numeric number.

~]# ls-l/etc/[[:d igit:]]*[^[:d igit:]]

(shown by a long list) number ^ Take the inverse, take the inverse non-numeric

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3: Display in/etc directory, starting with a non-letter, followed by a letter and any other arbitrary length of any character file or directory.

~]# ls-l/etc/[^[:alpha:]]*[[:alpha:]]

(shown in long list) ^ takes the value of the inverse of any letter (meaning to get a non-letter start)

Then follow an arbitrary length; any character; any letter;

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4: Displays all files or directories in the/etc directory that begin with a non-numeric end of M.

~]# ls-l/etc/m*[^[:d igit:]]

(shown by a long list) m starts with * matches 0 or more characters; ^ The value of the inverse number (that is, not the number) is displayed m****

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5: Displays all files or directories ending with. D in the/etc directory

~]# LS-LD/ETC/[[:ALNUM:]]*.D

(LD only displays the list directory itself, does not display the content) any number or letter beginning;

* Match 0 or more characters with. D as the end of all files or directories

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6: Displays all. conf End with/etc directory, and the file or directory starting with, M,n,r,p

~]# ll/etc/[m:r:n:p]*.conf

(Open file list) The title asks for a file that begins with M,n,r,p and uses [M:r:n:p] to surround the required characters with * (all) and end with. conf

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Lay the foundation for building tall buildings, keep your good habits and improve your bad habits! 650) this.width=650; "src=" Http://img.baidu.com/hi/jx2/j_0058.gif "alt=" J_0058.gif "/>

Little Marco (Xiaomag)

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CentOS file wildcard; predefined characters; a simple example