CentOS How do I back up a strategy?

Backup points

Consideration of backup Data

Problems caused by system corruption:

Hardware problem: Hard Drive damage

Software problems: Accidental deletion, security attack,

Different host roles, different backup tasks

Backup factor considerations

Which files to back up

What backup device to choose

Consider how to backup

Frequency of backups

Tools used by Backup

What Linux data to back up

Files that have a backup meaning can usually be grouped into two broad categories:

1. system Basic Setup Information

2. Content data similar to network services

Files that the operating system itself needs to back up:

1./etc/Entire Directory

2./home Entire Directory

3./var/spool/mail

4./boot

5./root

6. If you have installed other kits, then/usr/local or/opt is also best to back up

Database aspects of network services

1. The software itself configuration file, for example:/etc/entire directory,/usr/local/entire directory

2. Data provided by software services, taking WWW and MySQL as examples

WWW data:/var/www The entire directory or/srv/www the entire directory, and the system's user home folder

Mysql:/var/lib/mysql Entire Directory

3. Other database files that provide services on Linux hosts

Recommended directories to back up

1./boot

2./etc

3./home

4./root

5./usr/local (or/opt and/srv, etc.)

6./var (Note: If there are some temporary directories in this directory can not be backed up)

Directories that do not need to be backed up

1./dev

2./proc

3./mnt and/media

4./tmp

Select Backup Device

Considerations for storage devices

Backup speed requirements: Think hard disk use

Storage Capacity: Tape backup considerations

Funding and data reliability: Use of DVDs can be kept for 10 years or so

Some common device codes:

Optical drive:/dev/cdrom (in fact it should be/DEV/SDX or/DEV/HDX)

Tape drive:/dev/st0 (SCSI interface),/DEV/HT0 (IDE interface)

Floppy disk drive:/DEV/FD0,/DEV/FD1

Hard disk:/dev/hd[a-d][1-16] (IDE),/dev/sd[a-p][1-16] (scsi/sata)

Removable hard disk:/dev/sd[a-p][1-16] (same as SCSI)

Printer:/dev/lp[0-2]

The type, frequency and tool selection of backup

How to back up:

1. Incremental backup

2. Differential backup

Incremental backup of full backups (incremental backup)

Considerations for reduction

Principles for Incremental backups

The so-called incremental backup, refers to the system after the first full backup, after a period of time to run, compare

The difference between the system and the backup file, and then the gold backs up the difference file.

Backup software used for incremental backups

Common tools for full backups are: DD, Cpio, Dupm/restore

Direct Incremental backup command: DUPM

DD IF=/DEV/SDA OF=/DEV/SDB

Find/-print | Cpio-covb >/dev/st0

Cpio-iduv </dev/st0

1. Full backup

Dump-0u-f/backupdata/home.dump/home

2. For the first time incremental backup

Dump-1u-f/backupdata/home.dump.1/home

Tar-exclude/proc--exclude/mnt--exclude/tmp

--exclude/backupdata-jcvp-f/backupdata/sys.tar.bz2

Differential backups for full backups (differential backup)

Differential backup values are: Each backup is the result of a comparison with the original full backup

Tar-n ' 2009-06-01 '-jpcv-f/backupdata/home.tar.bz2/home

Rsync-av Source Directory target Directory

rsync-av/home/backupdata/(Mirror/home/to/backupdata/home/)

rsync-av/home/backupdata/(it will be much quicker to do it again, if the data has not changed, almost no action)

Critical Data Backup

TAR-JPCVF MySQL. ' Date +%y-%m-%d '. Tar.bz3/var/lib.mysql