CentOS System semi-automated installation

Many friends also use the CD-ROM installation of the CentOS operating system, after the CD-ROM start will give a selection of the interface step-by-step selection after the start of the formal installation, if it is installed a server operating system, so also say, if you wait for us to install hundreds of times, Can it be a way to manually select the configuration option for the first station, it is clear that this operation is very foolish, so we can let it according to a standard template automation to configure after the installation. CentOS Series operating system CD-ROM Installation Manager Anaconda has provided us with this function, but everyone did not do too much research, then today we will take you to learn how to use anaconda to implement some automated installation process.

First, the CD-ROM installation of the boot process:

Bootloader-->kernel (INITRAMFS)-->anaconda (Automated Installation Management program)

Anaconda:tui cureses-based text configuration interface

GUI based on graphical interface

MBR:boot.cat

Stage2:isolinx/isolinux.bin

Configuration file: Isolinux/isolinux.cfg (menu file)

Each of the corresponding menu options:

Load kernel: Isolinux/vmlinuz

Passing parameters to the kernel: Append initrd=initrd.img

Mount the root file system and start Anaconda (the default interface is GUI, use GUI,RAM>=512MB)

If you need to start the Tui interface, you need to pass the parameter text to the kernel

Manually start TUI: Disc boot menu-Press ESC-Input: Linux text--> press ENTER to start

Second, the working process of Anaconda:

(i) Pre-installation configuration phase

1, the language used by the operating system

2, keyboard type

3. Install the target storage device

Basic storage: Local Disk

Special storage: Specify a different storage device

4, set host name

5, configuring the network interface

6, set time zone

7, set the management password

8, set the partition mode and the MBR installation location

9, select the installation mode (graphical interface | character interface) and warehouse location

(ii) Installation phase

1, create partitions on the directory disk and perform formatting

2. Install the packages included in the selected mode

3, install bootloader

third, the final stage of installation : First start-up (graphical interface) configuration iptables, SELinux, Coredump

Four, the Anaconda configuration method:

1, interactive configuration mode

2. Read the preconfigured configuration file: Kickstart file

Kickstart file Generation tool: System-config-kickstart

Kickstart File Grammar checker tool: Ksvaliadator

V. Installation boot options:

(i) KS: Indicates the path to the Kickstart file

DVD Drive:ks=cdrom:/path/to/kickstart_file

Hard Drive:ks=hd:/dev/sd#/path/to/kickstart_file

HTTP server:ks=http://host[:p Ort]/path/to/kickstart_file

HTTPS server:ks=https://host[:p Ort]/path/to/kickstart_file

FTP server:ks=ftp://host[:p ort]/path/to/kickstart_file

(ii) Kickstart file format:

1. Command segment: specify various pre-installation configuration options, such as keyboard type, time zone, etc.

2. Package segment: indicates which packages to install, package groups, and packages that are not installed

%packages Package Segment Start character

@group_name Installed package Groups

Package-Installed Packages

-package packages that are not installed

%end Package Segment Terminator

3. Script segment:

%pre scripts executed prior to installation

Operating environment: micro-Linux system environment on installation media, only simple commands can be run

%post scripts to execute after installation

Operating environment: Installation of completed systems, commands can be written more complex

4. Required commands in the command section :

Authconfig: Authentication Mode configuration

Authconfig--enableshadow--passalgo=sha512

Bootloader: Define the installation location and related configuration of the bootloader

bootloader--local=mbr--driveorder=sda--addend= "Crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet"

Keyboard: Setting the keyboard type

Keyboard US

Lang: Language type

Lang Zh_cn. UTF-8

Part: Partition layout

Part/boot--FSTYPE=EXT4--size=500

Part pv.008002--size=51200

ROOTPW: Administrator Password

ROOTPW--iscrypted $6$oxcphgkqhyojeoev$x/stabkjoh7ulnlo1rcik

How to generate an encrypted password: OpenSSL passwd-1-salt ' OpenSSL rand-hex 4 '

TimeZone: Time zone setting

TimeZone Asia/shanghai--ISUTC--NONTP

Additional: partition-related other directives

Clearpart: Clear Partition

Clearpart--none--DRIVES=SDA Empty disk partition

Volgroup: Creating a volume Group

Volgroup MYVG--peesize=4096 pv.008002

Logvol: Creating a logical volume

Logvol/home--FSTYPE=EXT4--name=lv-home--VGNAME=MYVG--size=5120

5. Optional command:

Install or upgrade: installation or upgrade

Test: Installation Interface type text for TUI defaults to GUI

Network: Configuring the Networking Interface

Network--onboot Yes--device eth0--bootproto DHCP--noipv6

Firewall: Firewall

Firewall--disabled

Selinux:linux Security Policy

SELinux--disabled

(iii) Disable firewall after system installation is complete

Centos 6:

Service Iptables Stop

Chkconfig iptables off

Centos 7:

Systemctl Stop Firewalld

Systemctl Disable Firewall

(d) Disabling SELinux after system installation is complete:

Edit/etc/sysconfig/selinux/or/etc/selinux/config files

Modify the SELinux parameter to Disabled or permissive

Get SELinux current status: Getenforce

Immediate effect method: Setforce=0

(v) Repo: Indicates the warehouse used during installation

Repo--name= "Centos"--baseurl=cdrom:sr0--cost=100

URL--url=http://10.10.1/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.8-x86-64/

Halt, Poweroff, or reboot: Behavior after installation is complete

Reference Official Document: "Installation Guide"

Six, hand-made Linux bootable CD:

1, copy the Isolinux directory under the official CD to the/root/myiso directory

2, add write permission to all files of/root/myiso/isolinux

3, modify the Isolinux.cfg file under the/root/myiso/isolinux directory, append initrd=initrd.img add a parameter after Ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg

4, make Kickstart auto answer configuration file, place in Myiso directory, specify repo use network warehouse

5. Make the/root/myiso directory into an ISO file

Mkisofs-r-j-t-V--no-emul-boot--boot-load-size 4--boot-info-table-v "Mybootcd"-C isolinux/boot.cat-b Isolinux/iso Linux.bin-o Root/mybootcd.iso Mysio

Of course, this is just using the CD to start the Installation Manager Anconda, using the KS Auto answer file to achieve a semi-automated installation effect, of course, we can use the network card PXE module, directly connected to the Internet, through the pre-built DHCP server automatically assigned an IP address, Connect to the system mirror server again to achieve a fully automated unattended installation, the CD-ROM boot process is completely free. Of course, in the subsequent server plate I will also give you to share, please look forward to.

This article is from the "Love Firewall" blog, be sure to keep this source http://183530300.blog.51cto.com/894387/1854246

CentOS System semi-automated installation