CentOS7 minimum installation + Xfce desktop environment

Create CentOS7-based xfce simplest work environment build CentOS7-based xfce simplest work environment introduction choice of operating system and desktop environment 1 Operating System 2 desktop environment build CentOS7-based xfce simplest work environment

 

• Build a CentOS7-based xfce simplest working environment
  • Introduction
  • Operating system and desktop environments
    • 1 Operating system
    • 2. desktop environment
  • Installation steps
    • 1. run CentOS7 for minimum installation.
    • 2. install X Window system
    • 3. install Xfce4
    • 4. install Chinese fonts and Chinese input methods
    • 5. install firefox
    • 6. install the development environment

 

1 Introduction

Previously, I wrote a blog post titled "creating a multi-media Linux system on the character interface", detailing the installation steps of the multimedia Linux workstation based on framebuffer. However, it is unrealistic to leave the window environment completely Today. at least you should use a complete browser like firefox. In addition, with the window manager, program development can be more convenient.

Hardware environment: ThinkPad T410S

2 operating system and desktop environment selection 2.1 Operating system

There are many Unix-like operating systems with a large user base of open source code and free of charge: BSD series (FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD), Linux series (CentOS, Suse, Ubuntu, Debian ). BSD and Linux have been fighting with each other for a long time, and no one knows about them, but they learn from each other at the same time. This article does not want to trigger this boring war again. it is just about personal experience. At first, I tried the most users in BSD and supported FreeBSD with the most hardware. after the installation was completed, I found that many hardware were not supported, moreover, pkg software installation is slow (it should be a server network problem ). For new hardware support, Linux is far ahead of BSD, and finally decides to select the familiar CentOS. By the way, I understand the differences between BSD and Linux:

• Software authorization protocol. Using GPL V2 in Linux requires that GPL be used for all secondary development to ensure complete open source. This is also why the RedHat must be open-source to generate a CentOS guarantee, which is also the basis for the current lawsuit against Vmware. The BSD series adopt the BSD protocol and are open-source, but there is no limit on the code for secondary development. This is why many commercial embedded software is developed based on BSD.

• OS integrity. The Linux kernel and the user space program are completely independent. although the user space programs used in different releases are different, the kernel used is based on the same source code. BSD is a complete OS, including the kernel and applications. for example, FreeBSD has only one release version. as long as the version number is the same, the kernel and application software of everyone are the same. The problem is that apart from FreeBSD, there are also NetBSD and OpenBSD. the kernel source code of these three systems is different.

• Developers. Most Linux developers work as front-line hacker engineers, while BSD developers have many university professors, so sometimes BSD is also called "academic ". In general, Linux developers are more pragmatic, while BSD developers are more rigorous.

• Popularity. Currently, Linux has more users and developers than BSD.

• Unix philosophical conformity. This is mainly for application software and does not fall into the Linux kernel category. Although they are all Unix-like systems, there are some differences in understanding Unix philosophy. Generally, BSD follows the traditional Unix philosophy. The widely used kernel EMD in major Linux distributions has been criticized by many followers of unix philosophy because it violates "one program only does one thing, and do a good job. The influence of this philosophy cannot be underestimated. Indeed, some people have switched from the Linux camp to the BSD group because of systemd.

2.2 desktop environment

The desktop environment is even more diverse. the luxury features include KDE, GNOME, fvwm2, and xfce. For engineers, KDE and GNOME are too bulky and fvwm is too simple. Xfce4 is selected here. it also refers to the survey of the desktop environment of 30 linux kernel developers on the linux Foundation website.

3. install CentOS7 at least

Go to the official website to download the CentOS-7.0-1406-x86_64-Minimal.iso, and then burn the disc, install it. Runyum updateUpdate the system. Then, execute

# yum install epel-release

Install the additional package yum source (extra package for Enterprise Linux ).

3.2 install X Window system

Runyum groupinstall "X Window system", Install X. Runsudo systemctl isolate graphical.targetVerify that the installation is successful.

3.3 install Xfce4

Runyum groupinstall xfce4Install the Xfce4 desktop environment. If necessary, you can install other xfce4 modules.
Runsudo systemctl isolate graphical.targetTo enter Xfce.

3.4 install Chinese fonts and Chinese input methods

Available in CentOS6yum groupinstall "Chinese support"One-time installation, but it cannot be installed in CentOS7. if you do not have this installation group, you need to install each package separately. I only installed one font for the body:yum install cjkuni-ukai-fonts.
[Add font]
Copy the font files in the C: \ Windows \ Fonts directory in Windows to the/usr/share/fonts/chinese/directory in CentOS, and run the following command to install these Fonts:

Cd/usr/share/fonts/chinese/# switch to the new font directory mkfontscale # generate fonts under the current directory. scale file mkfontdir # generate fonts in the current directory. dir file fc-cache-fv # recreate the font cache

There are two different concepts about input methods. The "input method platform" and "input method" provide implementation interfaces for specific input methods and connect them with the X environment. Widely used input methods include fictx, scim, and ibus. The latest version is ibus, which is also the default setting of gnome. Here we choose the ibus platform.
Install the following package:

• Ibus, which contains the platform server program ibus-daemon and the configuration assistant ibus.
• Ibus-libpinyin, which is the pinyin input method on the ibus platform.
• Ibus-gtk2/3, which is ibus UI in GTK environment, tray display.
• Im-chooser. this is the assistant program used by the input method platform.
• Gtk2/3-immodule-ximThis is the UI of the input method candidate word display. I am unable to display the input method selection window because this package is not installed, so it took me one day !!!

Execute im-chooser and select the input method platform and input method. Then log on to the system again.

3.5 install firefox

Runyum install firefoxAnd then set it to the default browser in Xfce. Start and browse the Baidu website to see whether the Chinese display is normal and whether the input method is normal.

3.6 install the development environment

Different people have different needs. I am vim + gcc myself.

[Appendix]