C/S and B/S architecture comparison, s Architecture

C/S and B/S architecture comparison, s Architecture
Overview

In this rapidly expanding information society, we have to say that we are entering a brand new era, that is, the information age. A major and notable feature of the Information Age is the application of computer networks. Computer Networks have evolved from the initial centralized computing to the Client/Server stage (with two levels of C/S and three levels of C/S) to the most popular Browser/Server computing mode. Which of the following is controversial and influential?C/SAndB/S architectureC/S is a long-established and sophisticated architecture. B/S is a new generation architecture derived from C/S. There are a lot of innovations in the web Information Age.

 

C/S architecture I. C/S architecture and background

The C/S architecture is a relatively early software architecture, which is mainly used in LAN. Prior to this, we experienced a centralized computing model. With the development and development of computer networks, especially the application of visualization tools, two-layer C/S and three-layer C/S architectures have emerged, however, it has always been quite popular and classic. What we want to study isTwo-layer C/S architecture.

C/S architecture software (Client/Server mode) is dividedTwo layers of client and server: The first layer is the combination of representation and business logic on the client system, and the second layer is the combination of database servers through the network. Simply put, the first layer is the user presentation layer, and the second layer is the database layer.

 

The client and the server are directly connected, and both components assume an important role. The first layer of the client is not only capable of input/output, computation, but can process some calculations, data storage and other aspects of the business logic transactions; the second layer of the server is mainly responsible for the processing of the transaction logic, the original transaction is very heavy, but because the client can share some logical transactions, so reduce the burden on the server, this increases network traffic.

 

To use the C/S architecture, You need to download a client. After installation, you can use.

 

Ii. Advantages of the C/S architecture

Since the C/S architecture can survive in the long history of computer science, there must be a flash. The following describes the advantages of the C/S architecture from various perspectives.

1) the client and server are directly connected.

A) point-to-point mode makes it safer.
B) You can directly operate on local text to reduce the time and effort required to obtain the text.
C) the direct connection reduces the communication traffic, which can save a lot of cost for the customer.
D) directly connected with each other. There is no barrier in the middle, so the response speed is fast. There is no sense when there is a small amount of communication, but if the traffic is large, there will be no congestion.

 

2) The client can process some logical transactions.

A) Make full use of both hardware facilities to avoid resource waste.
B) share some logical transactions with the server for data processing and data storage. It can process complex transaction processes.
C) The client has a complete set of applications, which have powerful functions in error prompt and online help, and can switch between subprograms freely.

 

3) client operation interface

A) It can improve customers' visual experience and meet customers' needs.
B) The client operation interface can be arranged at will to fully meet the customer's needs and show the characteristics and personality.

 

Iii. disadvantages of the C/S architecture

After a long-term test of time, people also found the shortcomings of C/S. The following is a summary of previous ideas.
1) Client

A) You can only process multiple systems with a single function.

B) the C/S architecture is suitable for LAN and has high requirements on network speed.

C) the installation and deployment of the client is difficult, so it is not easy to expand.

D) if the client uses different systems, you need to write programs for these systems separately.

E) The client interface lacks versatility and needs to be changed and rewritten when the business changes.

F) The client requires a dedicated client program, which is troublesome. It cannot be quickly deployed, installed, and configured for users who have many features and do not have network conditions.

 

 

2) servers

A) when the number of users increases, communication congestion and slow server response may occur.

B) when a server is difficult to take the lead, it can only be discarded to use a more powerful server.

C) when the number of client users increases, it is difficult for the server to bear the burden and is a real "fat" client.

D) The user connects to the database through ODBC, and each user connected to the database maintains an ODBC connection, which keeps occupying the resources of the central server and has high requirements on the server.

 

 

3) User

 
A) external users who have not installed the client cannot access the client.
B) The server can be accessed only when a client is installed, so users cannot access the server anytime, anywhere.
C) users connect to the database through ODBC, so the number of users is limited and it is not easy to expand.
D. For small-scale customers, information sharing, information transmission, and publishing cannot be implemented in a wide range.

4) development costs

 
A) high-quality personnel should be hired for training at high costs.
B) For initial development, clients and servers are required, and professional technical personnel are required. Therefore, the cost is high.

5) Post-cost

 
A) system upgrade and maintenance are troublesome. You need to change a large number of programs and invest a lot of energy and money.
B) when the business is expanded or changed, the program needs to be changed, and the client interface needs to be changed again.
C) after the initial investment cost, it cannot be done once and for all. In the later stage, it requires a lot of costs, such as server replacement and client change.

 

IV. C/S architecture Application

C/S architecture software is countless, from OFFICE, WPS, WINRAR to anti-virus software such as Kingsoft, Ruijin to our entertainment software such as player, QQ, etc, the C/S architecture is nowhere to go.

 

B/S architecture I. B/S architecture and background

With the popularity of Internet and WWW, the previous host/terminal and C/S cannot meet the new requirements of global network openness, interconnection, ubiquitous information and information sharing, the B/S mode is displayed, that is, the Browser/Server structure.It is an improvement of the C/S architecture. It can be said that it belongs to a three-tier C/S architecture.. It mainly utilizes the mature WWW browser technology and uses a general browser to implement the powerful functions that originally required complex specialized software, saving development costs, is a brand new software system construction technology.

The first layer is the browserThat is, the client only has simple input and output functions to process a very small part of the transaction logic. Because the customer does not need to install the client, as long as there is a browser to browse the Internet, so it is oriented to a wide range of users, so the interface design is relatively simple, universal.

The second layer is the WEB server.And play the role of information transmission. When a user wants to access the database, the user first sends a request to the WEB server. After a unified request is sent, the WEB server sends a request to the database server to access the database. This request is implemented using an SQL statement.

The third layer is the database server.He plays an important role because it stores a large amount of data. When the database server receives a request from the WEB server, it processes the SQL statement and sends the returned result to the WEB server. Next, the WEB server converts the received data into HTML text and sends it to the browser, that is, the interface we see in the browser.

 

The B/S architecture is different from the C/S architecture. The browser is not directly connected to the database server, so it is a many-to-many structure. Therefore, this architecture is suitable for implementing a huge Internet or even a global network in a wide area network. It has powerful information sharing.

 

In the early days of B/S, the browser could only display static pages, without good interaction and massive logic processing. At that time, the browser was mainly used to publish information, is a one-way application. Later, a dynamic web page emerged. There are three dynamic aspects: interaction, animation, and data. In this way, the interaction of browsers can be greatly improved. More and more pages are available. The browser can also process some logical transactions,Therefore, the browser becomes a client, but because it processes less content, it is called a "thin" client..

 

 

Ii. Advantages of B/S architecture

The B/S architecture is developed from the traditional C/S architecture due to the rapid development of WEB technology, and becomes the main network architecture today. Currently, major websites, especially business websites, are built on the B/S architecture. Let's take a closer look at the advantages of the B/S architecture. Why is it favored.
1) Browser

 

 
A) information dissemination and sharing can be implemented for a wide range of users.
B) the browser only processes some simple logical transactions with a low load.
C) page updates can be synchronized and can be viewed by all users.
D) simple interface design and development, low requirements for programmers, and no need for a large amount of training.
E) Business expansion is convenient. You only need to add a few business expansion pages without a lot of programming.
F) the interface does not need to be written too much. It is common and easy to change. Therefore, maintenance is almost unnecessary.
G) because of the platform independence of the Web, it can be expanded from a server to a working group of several users to a large system with tens of thousands of users.

2) servers

 
A) data is stored in the database server in a centralized manner, so there is no data inconsistency.
B) It can effectively protect the data platform and manage access permissions, and the server database is secure.
C) The database server does not necessarily use the WINDOWS system. More options are required and the cost is less.
D) in a remote location, you only need to connect the server to the private network for remote maintenance, upgrade, and sharing.
E) after the emergence of a cross-platform language such as JAVA, the B/S architecture management software is more convenient, fast, and efficient.
F) the data is stored on the database server, and the client does not store any business data or database connection information. Therefore, the data is safer.
G) as the server load increases, you can smoothly increase the number of servers, establish a cluster server system, and then perform load balancing among servers.

 

3) User

 
A) B/S is built on the wide area network and the required network speed is not high.
B) external users can also access the browser.
C) user-friendly and universal interface, which can be mastered without much training.
D) You do not need to install a client. As long as you can connect to the Internet, you can browse the page anytime, anywhere.
E) the powerful information publishing and information transmission capabilities of the Internet can effectively solve a large number of Irregular information exchanges within the enterprise.
F) All users connect to the database through a JDBC connection buffer pool. The user does not maintain the connection to the database, and the number of users is basically unlimited.

 

4) Cost

 
A) The software is highly reusable, saving a lot of costs.
B) there is no need to install special software, and the client has almost no maintenance.
C) The Development is simple and easy to upgrade. There is no need for much training and a lot of money is saved.
D) there is almost no maintenance on the client. You only need to keep an eye on the server, so the cost is low.
E) Generally, only one-time investment in the initial stage is required, which helps software projects control and avoid IT black holes.
F) built on a wide area network, it does not need to be a dedicated network hardware environment, such as telephone Internet access, rental of equipment, etc., with a low cost.

 

Iii. disadvantages of B/S architecture

Although the B/S architecture has many advantages, it is inevitable that there will be some defects, otherwise it will not break out which architecture to use. However, theoretically, since B/S is the ultimate version of C/S, many defects of C/S should be overcome. Let's take a look at what is actually happening.
1) Client

 

 
A) surface generalization without highlighting personality.
B) The page needs to be refreshed dynamically, especially when the number of users increases and the network speed slows down, which is time-consuming.
C) because the client does not need to be installed, the client is easy to expand and can be accessed by external users, B/S faces a large number of unknown users.
 

2) servers

 
A) server response speed is slow when users increase.
B) functions are diversified, but they cannot be specialized and cannot implement complex functions.
C) The server bears important responsibilities and the data load is heavy. Once a server crashes, the consequences are unimaginable.

IV. B/S architecture Application

When explaining the typical C/S architecture, I mentioned the commonly used QQ Software. Now we have a new WEBQQ, which is a Browser Server Structure in B/S architecture. In fact, this is also true, because WEBQQ does not need to install the client at all, and it only needs a browser to chat and interact.

 

 

Overview of the relationship between C/S and B/S, C/S and B/S

The B/S architecture is improved from the C/S architecture. It can be said that it is a three-tier C/S architecture, which shows that the relationship between the two is not general. B/S is separated from C/S. With the rapid development of WEB technology and the increasing dependence on networks, B/S has become the most popular network architecture today. Both architectures are in their respective positions. They have their own merits and are all very important network architectures. C/S is better than B/S in terms of response speed, user interface, and data security. However, B/S is better than C/S in terms of business expansion and Application of www. In this case, the strengths of B/S are the weaknesses of C/S, and vice versa. They have their own advantages and disadvantages and cannot be replaced by each other.

 

Ii. Differences between C/S and B/S

1) big difference
1. Structure

C/S is a two-tier architecture consisting of clients and servers, while B/S is a three-tier architecture consisting of browsers, WEB servers and database servers.

2. Logical Transaction Processing
The C/S architecture allows the client and server to handle part of the Logical transactions reasonably, which reduces the burden on the server and allows the client to process and store data. B/S-based browser is its client, but this client can only share some simple input/output and information, and the main logic transaction processing still depends on the server, therefore, the load on the server is very heavy.

3. Working Principle
The C/S architecture is a direct connection between the client and the server to achieve point-to-point communication. B/S is a browser that sends data requests to the database server through a WEB server to implement multi-to-many communication.

4. Response Speed
The client and server in the C/S architecture are directly connected without any barriers, so the speed is fast, especially when the number of users increases. The corresponding speed of the B/S architecture is slow, and the main task is on the database server. Due to the unlimited scalability of the B/S architecture, when users surge and access volume is large, the server speed is slow, the server is at risk of paralysis.

5. Cost
During C/S architecture development, hardware needs to be purchased at one time at a high cost, and well-trained technical personnel are required. Training costs are high, and software needs to be invested heavily in the future. The B/S architecture only requires one-time investment, which can be applied to software project control and IT black hole.

6. Maintenance, upgrade and expansion
Once the C/S architecture is changed or upgraded, the client interface must be re-designed, which requires a lot of manpower and material resources. Software maintenance is also troublesome and requires professional maintenance. User expansion is also troublesome. You need to install the client and have high requirements on hardware and software. The maintenance and upgrade of the B/S architecture are very easy. You only need to change the page content or increase or decrease the page, and the client is almost zero-maintenance. You only need to maintain the Server properly. Therefore, it is easier and more convenient. B/S can be accessed anytime, anywhere, so it is easy to expand.

7. Information sharing
The C/S architecture is built on the LAN and oriented to the limited users with limited information sharing within a small scope. The B/S architecture is built on a wide area network. Users can access it anytime and anywhere, and external users can access it, especially the continuous development of WEB technology, b/S is facing almost infinite user groups, so it is highly informative.

8. Client Interface
The C/S architecture can design different distinctive user interfaces for different functions to achieve personalization. However, re-design is required once the business changes, which is troublesome. The user interface of the B/S architecture is very common and cannot highlight the individual characteristics of users. However, when the business changes, you only need to change the interface content or increase or decrease the page, which is easy to implement.

2) small differences
1. Applicable Network
The C/S architecture is based on the LAN, and the LAN provides services through dedicated servers. The B/S architecture is built on the wide area network and has a wider application scope.

2. Access
In the C/S architecture, you need to install a client to access the server. in the B/S architecture, you can access the server anytime, anywhere, as long as you have a web browser, which is convenient and fast.

3. Database Connection Type

C/S uses ODBC connections, so as long as the user connects to the database, the connection will remain unchanged, so the number of users is limited, and B/S uses JDBC connections, the user does not maintain the connection to the database, so the number of users is almost unlimited.

4. Functions
The C/S architecture can implement a single complex function, such as financial management. Therefore, most of the large ERP systems are still C/S architectures, and the interfaces of B/S architectures are more common, there are few logical transactions that can be processed, so the functions are weak.

5. Security
The C/S architecture is built on the LAN. It is designed for relatively fixed users and has high security requirements. The B/S architecture is built on the Wide Area Network, and is not secure for unknown groups.

6. Different information flows
C/S program is generally a typical centralized mechanical processing, interactive relatively low B/S information flow can be changed, B-B B-C B-G and other information, flow of changes, it is more like a transaction center.

7. technical personnel requirements
C/S features are professional and require professional training for designers and developers. The B/S interface is user-friendly and universal, so high skills are not required.