Chapter 1 Basic Knowledge Chapter Summary

1.1 machine language

Machine language is a collection of machine commands. Each type of Microprocessor has its own machine instruction set. The machine code used in the early days was obscure and difficult to troubleshoot. Therefore, the Assembly Language came into being.

1.2 generation of assembly languages

The main body of an assembly language is assembly instructions, and assembly instructions are machine instructions that are easy to remember.

The compiler can convert an assembly instruction into a machine instruction. The programmer writes the source code in an assembly language, and then compiles the assembly instruction into a machine code, which is finally executed by the computer.

1.3 assembly language composition

There are three commands: Assembly commands, pseudo commands, and other symbols.

1.4 1.5

Memory is the memory. Data on the disk must be read to the memory before it can be used by the CPU. Commands and data are the concept of applications. There is no difference in memory, and CPU operations have different meanings.

1.6 storage unit

8 bits constitute a byte. large-capacity memory is used to measure the capacity. 1kb = 1024b, 1 MB = 1024kb, 1 GB = 1024 MB, 1 TB = 1024 GB.

1.7cpu reads/writes to memory

Pay attention to three points: Specify the address of the storage unit, device selection, control information and data information.

1.8 Address Bus

The CPU uses the address bus to specify the memory unit. One CPU has n address lines, and a maximum of 2 n memory units can be searched.

1.9 1.10

Data transmission between the CPU and memory or other devices is performed through the data bus, and its width determines the data transmission speed between the CPU and the outside. The CPU controls the external devices through the control bus, so that the CPU can control the number of external devices.

From 1.11 to 1.15

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Chapter 1 Basic Knowledge Chapter Summary