Collating common terminology for Oracle database backup

This article will describe the terminology that is commonly used in backing up databases and industry-defined terminology for reference and learning.

Database related terms:

(1) Cold backup:
A cold backup is a copy of a data file, an online log file, and a control file to a different location after the database is closed. In addition, cold backups can include backups of parameter files and password files, but backups of both files can be selected as needed, and cold backups are actually a physical backup.
(2) Hot backup:
Hot backup is relative to cold backup, do not need to stop operation, directly can be online using archive mode for database backup and restore operations. The most common method of hot preparation is to use Rman backup.
(3) Physical backup
Like file copy, Rman, etc. is a physical backup, is a block copy backup, backup and recovery faster, especially for a data file, table space, the overall database corruption needs to restore the scene, the disadvantage is the need for larger space backup media space equipment.
(4) Logical backup
such as logical import and export, data pump, such as logical backup, based on database objects (table, schema), such as logical SQL export, generally occupy less space, suitable for the recovery of logical errors, the drawback is that the recovery time is longer and need to consider the relationship between the various objects.
(5) Data pump (EXPDP/IMPDP)
ORACLE10G's new database backup tool enhances and improves backup and restore efficiency and functionality relative to Exp/imp, supporting parallel backup and restore operations.
(6) Differential incremental backup:
Differential incremental backup (differential Incremental Backups): Refers to the data blocks that Rman backs up for all changes since the ancestor and sibling backups, and the delta is the default incremental backup method.
(7) Cumulative incremental backup:
Cumulative incremental backup (cumulative Incremental Backups): Refers to the block that Rman backs up all changes since the superior backup.
The difference is that the former requires less storage space, but the restore requires multiple backup sets, restore the aging difference, the latter requires a large storage space, restore timeliness.

(8) Data Guard

DG, is one of the data storage disaster solution, through the construction of the same-city disaster preparedness and remote disaster preparedness environment, and thus achieve real-time protection database.

Professional terminology:

(1) RPO

The RPO (Recovery point Objective, Recovery points target) refers to the point at which the recovered data corresponds when the service is restored.

(2) RTO

The RTO (Recovery time Objective, recovery times objective) is the length of time that an enterprise can tolerate a service outage.

In general, all of the disaster preparedness programmes are based on RTO and RPO as the most basic criteria.

Third-party software:

(1) NetBackup
NetBackup is a product of Symantec Corporation. This product can meet your future enterprise-class virtual data protection needs. Symantec NetBackup 7.6 With V-ray technology provides the performance, automation, and manageability necessary for large-scale protection of virtualized deployments-whether it's thousands of virtual machines and petabytes of data today, or a software-defined data center (software-defined da Ta center) and IT as a service in the future, this product can meet the demand. Each major enterprise has a trust in Symantec. (from official website)
Symantec NetBackup Platform automates the implementation of advanced technologies, standardizing operations on a variety of applications, platforms, and virtual environments to help information enterprises streamline their data protection processes. This means that businesses can achieve full protection, efficient storage, anywhere recovery, and centralized management across heterogeneous operating systems and storage hardware, including tape and disk. It integrates deduplication, replication, and patent-pending virtual machine protection to help customers improve storage efficiency, infrastructure utilization, and recovery speed. A single console enables multi-site monitoring, analysis, and reporting capabilities to help customers standardize operations and risk management. Symantec NetBackup is easy to scale to protect the largest UNIX, Windows, and Linux environments, and is now widely used by businesses around the world.
Company official website: http://www.symantec.com/zh/cn/netbackup/
(2) CommVault
CommVault is a professional storage software company, and IDC ranks CommVault as the leader in enterprise-class data storage and management software. CommVault is focused on creating and implementing intelligent, fast, reliable, and easy-to-use data storage management solutions to meet the dynamic data management needs of users.
Its product Qinetix software modules include:
1) Data backup and Recovery (backup & Recovery);
2) Data migration or tiered storage (HSM) (datamigrator);
3) Filing according to law (Data archiver);
4) Application of high availability/disaster recovery (Quick Recovery);
5) storage resource management (Storage Resource Management);
6) SAN, Network and media Management (San Management);
7) centralized and unified management of all the above modules.
Company official website: http://www.commvault.com.cn/
(3) Data Domain
Data domain is a product of EMC. Its advantages lie in good weight-reduction ratio and good data compression ratio. The comparison between different vendors.

　　

Company official website: http://china.emc.com/index.htm
(4) be
Be (full name: Backup Exec) is also a backup tool of Symantec Corporation. Symantec's Backup Exec software is a multi-threaded, multitasking storage management solution designed for Windows Servers in a single or multi-node (including Nt4,windows 2000,windows 2003,windows2008 ) Designed for data backup, recovery, and disaster recovery in an enterprise environment for stand-alone Windows servers workstations, small LAN, and heterogeneous enterprise networks.
It supports centralized data backup management and disaster recovery of Windows platform, supports Oracle, SQL database online hot backup, logical backup, support frequent database log file backup and so on.
(5) LAN free
Lan-free backup primarily refers to a fast random storage device (disk array or server hard disk) replicating several kui to a backup storage device (tape library or tape drive), Lan-free functionality in San technology is used as a lan-free backup on data backup.
Because data travels over the LAN, when the amount of data that needs to be backed up is large and the backup window is tense, the network is prone to clogging. In a SAN environment, you can take a lan-free backup of a storage network, a server that needs to be backed up to a tape drive through a SAN, and, with the Lan-free backup client software, read the data that needs to be backed up to a shared tape drive through a SAN. This independent network not only enables the transfer of LAN traffic, but also requires less CPU than LAN, because Fibre Channel connections do not need to go through the TCP/IP stack of the server, and some layer error checking can be done by the hardware inside the Fibre Channel. In many solutions, a host is required to manage shared storage devices and a backup database for locating and recovering data.
(6) SERVER free
LAN free backups can significantly reduce the impact of backup operations on the production system if the backup process can be completed within the SAN, while a large amount of traffic does not need to flow through the server, to the CPU resources that need to occupy the backup host. SAN Server-free Backup is such a technology.
The backup system of Lan-free and Server-free is based on the SAN (storage area Network). SAN-based backup is a solution that completely solves the problem of LAN bandwidth that traditional backup methods need to consume. It employs a completely new architecture that uses tape libraries and disk arrays as separate fiber nodes, and when multiple hosts share tape library backups, the data stream no longer goes through the network and is transferred directly from the disk array to the tape library, a solution that requires no network bandwidth (lan-free).

To be continued .....