Color emotion and visual psychology (I.)

A light color and object color

1. Light and color

Light color coexist, there is light only color. Color feels inseparable from light.

(1) Light and visible spectra. Light is a kind of electromagnetic wave in physics. From 0.39 micron to 0.77 micron wavelength of electromagnetic waves, can cause people's color visual feeling. This range is called the visible spectrum. The wavelength is more than 0.77 microns called infrared, the wavelength is less than 0.39 called Ultraviolet.

(2) The propagation of light. Light travels in a straight line in the form of waves and has two factors, wavelength and amplitude. Different wavelength length produces hue difference. Different amplitude and strength size produces the same hue of the light and shade difference. Light in the transmission of direct, reflection, transmission, diffuse, refraction and other forms. Direct light directly into the human eye, the visual sense is the light source color. When a light source shines on an object, the light bounces off the surface of the object, and the human eye feels the surface color of the object. When light shines, such as in the case of transparent objects such as glass, the human eye is seen through the penetrating color of the object. During the propagation of light, the diffusion occurs when the object is interfered, which has certain influence on the surface color of the object. such as the direction of change through different objects, called refraction, reflected to the human eye of the same color light and object.

2. Object Color

Natural objects are diverse and varied, and although they are mostly not luminous, they have the characteristics of selectively absorbing, reflecting and transmitting light. Of course, no object can absorb or reflect completely on the shade, so there is no absolute black or white in fact.

Common black, white, gray object color, white reflectance is 64%-92.3%, gray reflectance is 10%-64%, black absorption rate is more than 90%.

objects on the absorption, reflection or transmission of light, very affected by the surface texture of the object, smooth surface, smooth, delicate objects, the reflection of the light is strong, such as mirrors, polished stone surface, silk fabrics and so on. Rough surface, concave-convex, loose objects, easy to make light diffuse phenomenon, so the reflection of the shade is weak, such as wool glass, woolen cloth, sponge and so on.

However, the object of the absorption and reflection of the light is fixed, while the surface color of the object will be different from the source color, and sometimes even lose its original hue feeling. The so-called "intrinsic color" of an object is actually just a Changguang of people's habits. As in the flashing, intense colors of neon lights, all the buildings and characters of the clothes almost lost their original nature and seem strange and unpredictable.

In addition, the intensity and angle of illumination also affect the color of the object.

Second, color stereo and table color

1. Color Stereo

Color stereo is based on the color hue, lightness, purity change relations, with the help of three-dimensional space, with the rotation of the rectangular coordinates of the method to form a ball-like three-dimensional model. Its structure is more than the shape of a globe, the north is extremely white, the Antarctic is black, connecting the north and south poles through the central axis of the Mindo axis, the northern hemisphere is the bright color, the northern and southern hemisphere is dark. The position of the hue ring is the equatorial line, the spherical point to the central axis of the heavy line, indicating the purity of the series standard, the closer the center, the lower the purity, the center of the ball is ash.

There are a variety of color stereo, mainly the United States Munsell color three-dimensional, German Ostwald color three-dimensional, Japanese-color stereo, etc.

2. Munsell Table Color