Common debian knowledge

Common debian knowledge-Debian information of the Linux release-details are as follows. // Obtain Dynamic DHCP
# Start the system to activate the device.
# Loop address.
Auto lo
Iface lo inet loopback
# Start the system to activate the device.
# Set eth0 to DHCP.
Auto eth0
Iface eth0 inet dhcp

// Obtain the Static data
# Start the system to activate the device.
# Set eth0 to Static.
Auto eth0
Iface eth0 inet static
# Specify IP address. subnet mask. Broadcast. Gateway.
Address 192.168.0.1
Netmask 255.255.255.0
Network 192.168.0.0
Broadcast 192.168.0.255
Gateway 192.168.0.1

# Specify the DNS server address
Dns-nameservers 202.103.0.117
Dns-search somedomain.org

DNS Server Settings:/etc/resolv. conf
// It must be set. Otherwise, no URL can be accessed.
Nameserver 202.103.0.117
Nameserver 211.95.193.97

Apt-get command:
Apt-setup sets Apt source. You can select a list or manually import
Apt-get update system software package update
Apt-get upgrade: update all software packages and automatically upgrade to the latest version.
Apt-get dist-upgrade: update software packages and resolve software Dependencies
Apt-cache search keyword
Apt-cache show package_name details the information of the specified Software Package
Apt-get install the specified Software Package
Apt-get remove the specified Software Package

Common commands:
Base-config
Apt-get install zhcon install Zhcon Chinese Character support package.
Zhcon running Zhcon UC-DOS Chinese System
Apt-get remove netatalk Delete unnecessary Appletalk.
Apt-get remove exim4 Delete MTA. Increase startup speed.
Vi/etc/zhcon. conf configure Zhcon settings
Vi/etc/apt/source. list configure Apt source Address

Base-config # enter basic system configuration settings.

Apt-setup # reset the APT source file.

Apt-get install zhcon # install Zhcon Chinese-Japanese and Korean plug-ins.

Apt-get install vim # install the VIM editor. It is much easier to use than VI.

Apt-get install rar # install Rar. installation is recommended.

Apt-get install gcc # install GCC

Apt-get install make # install Make

Apt-get install x-window-system-core # install X-Window core

> You can choose to install all apt-get install x-window-system.

Apt-get install xdebconfigurator # install the X automatic configuration tool

> Xdebconfigurator # Automatic hardware detection

> Dexconf # Configure/etc/X11/XF86Config-4

Dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xfree86 # reconfigure X parameters. Important.

Apt-get install gnome-core # install Gnome core. You can also choose to install all.

Apt-get install modconf # install the Hardware Management Module tool.
Apt-get install rcconf # install the startup management module tool.
Apt-get install deborphan # Shows software packages that are not closed and used.

Tasksel # basic software package management tools

Apt-get remove packages-name # delete a software package.
Dpkg-P packages-name # delete a software package and configuration file.

Tzconfig # modify the System Default Time Zone
Debconf # Deb configuration command (details)

Fc-cache-f-v # Run in the font directory. Update the font information cache.
Fc-cache-v # Run in the font directory. Update the font information cache.

Mkfontscale # generate the font. scale file. Run the file in the same directory as the font.
Cp fonts. scale fonts. dir # copy the generated fonts. scale to the fonts. dir configuration file required by the system.

Apt-get install locales # install the latest version of locales Software Package

> After installation, the required locale will be automatically generated in/usr/lib/locale /.
> Execute locale to view the existing configuration content
> The path is/etc/locale. gen.
> Available commands: locale-gen

Dpkg-reconfigure locales # reconfigure locale settings

Apt-get install fvwm # install fvwm

1. Set your system startup mode to command line startup mode.
In the/etc/inittab file, set the command line to start:
Id: 3: initdefault

2. Back up the etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc file, for example, xinitrc. old.
Cp xinitrc. old
Create a. xinitrc file under/root/or/home/usrname.
Write exec fvwm and save it.
Run the following command: startx enters fvwm.


1. When Debian is installed, select Simplified Chinese.

2. Select "Asia" and "Shanghai" when setting the time zone"

3. Set the Apt source address to DebianSecurity CN99 GeekBone Nctu.edu.tw.

4. Run the apt-get update command to update the system software package.

5. Run the apt-get upgrade command to install the update software package.

6. Run the apt-get install zhcon command to install the zhcon Chinese console.

7. Run apt-get install vim to install the VIM editor conveniently.

8. modify the configuration file/etc/profile and add the following content:

Export LANG = zh_CN.GB2312
Export LC_ALL = zh_CN.GB2312

10. log on to Debian again. Enter zhcon.

11. Run apt-get install locales to install or update the latest version.

12. After locales is installed, the setting locale dialog box is automatically displayed.
Language settings selected: "en_US ISO-8859-1" and "zh_CN"
If you need more support, you can also choose "BIG" and "UIF-8" and so on.
Remember to set "zh_CN" to the default encoding of locale.

13. Exit the zhcon environment (Ctrl + D). Exit the Debian Console (Exit)
Log on to Debian again. Enter zhcon. Run locale to check whether the setting takes effect.

14. Run apt-get install libpango1.0-common to install defoma.
After the installation, you will be prompted to set it as a font management tool. Select Yes.

15. Because we already have defoma, we only need to install a new Chinese environment and font.
You do not need to set the font or configure the font file.

Run apt-get install xfonts-intl-chinese to install the Environment Font of Simplified chinese. (important)
Run apt-get install xfonts-intl-chinese-big to install traditional chinese fonts. (optional)

(You can refer to: http://www.debian.org/intl/zh/software support all Chinese software .)

16. install two simplified Chinese fonts officially recommended:

Apt-get install ttf-arphic-gbsn00lp
Apt-get install ttf-arphic-gkai00mp

17. Install the Chinese input method, such as Penguin or XCIN.
Apt-get install xcin

18. Set/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc to automatically run the Chinese Input Method. Add the following content:

Export XMODIFIERS = "@ im = xcin"
Xcin &

19. We recommend that you restart Debian and install GNOME or FVWM.
I suggest you install FVWM, which is relatively stable and professional.
Apt-get install fvwm
I want to install another fvwm topic.
Apt-get install fvwm-themes

20. OK. Now we can directly enter startx to enter fvwm.
If there is no problem, you can see that it is a Chinese environment.


# Install software packages and automatically detect and install related software.
Aptitude-R-G install Package

# Check the related information of the software package.
# The Package information will be checked here.
Aptitude show Package

# Install the specified software and specify the version to install the software.
# Packge software will be installed here. The version is 2.2.5.
Aptitude install Package = 2.2.5

# Delete the specified software, but the configuration file is not deleted.
Aptitude remove

# Delete the software package and all configuration files. [Delete All]
# We recommend that you use this command to automatically detect dependencies.
Aptitude purge


Debian Linux Install VMware and Xfce

Download the latest Debian 3.1 r01 ISO image from www.Debian.org.
Download: http://debian.cn99.com/debian-cd/debian-31r0a-i386-netinst.iso

Tip: Please make sure the version of Stable is downloaded. Otherwise, if you use Testing, you will not be able to use GCC 3.3.5.

Start installation after the download. You can choose to install either the English version or the Simplified Chinese version.

After the installation, we first install GCC 3.3.5 and Make. Because VMware will depend on these two software packages.

Aptitude install gcc make

Tip: After executing the command, check whether the GCC version is correct. The correct version is GCC 3.3.5.
If it is GCC 4.0, Debian is Testing. You need to replace the correct version and reinstall it.

Install VIM to replace VI after installation. If necessary, install FTP Client.

Aptitude install vim
Aptitude install ftp

Next, let's take a key step. We need to install the Debian kernel-headers file.
Because VMware In Debian needs this kernel header file, and the version must be consistent with your current kernel.

View the kernel information of the current system: (My is: 2.4.27-2)

Ls/boot

Install the matched kernel-headers.

Aptitude install kernel-headers-2.4.27-2 kernel-headers-2.4.27-2-386

Because this file is too long, I use wildcards to match each time. First, I checked my kernel version. For example:

Aptitude install kernel-headers-2.4.27-2 *

Note that the red part is your kernel version and then the wildcard is added.
Aptitdue will automatically search for matching files. Generally, it is okay to install all the files.

The basic system configuration has been completed so far. Next, install X and XFCE.

Aptitude install x-window-system-core
Aptitude install xfce4

After installation, log on to XFCE. Use the Terminal of X to install VMare.