Common Ubuntu repair commands

Common Ubuntu repair commands 1. Add the ''computer ''main folder'' recycle bin ''icon on the desktop: press ALT + F2, run the program gconf-editor. Open the configuration editor and select apps → nautilus → desktop. Select the check boxes on the sides of computer_icon_visible, home_icon_visible, and trash_icon_visible. The results will be immediately displayed on the desktop. 2. Very useful command for clearing system junk files: Enter sudoapt-get autoremovesudo apt-get autocleansudo apt-getclean www.2cto.com in the terminal. 3. Clear the residual configuration file of the deleted package: enter dpkg-l | grep ^ rc | awk '{print $2}' in the terminal. | sudo xargs dpkg-p I copied the above command directly to the terminal and pasted it, saves time and effort. 4. Play the RMVB file and install the Mplayer: sudoapt-get install mplayer or install gnomemplayer through the ubuntu Software Center 5. Change the startup sequence of the two systems: XP and ubuntu10.10, the default startup sequence is ubuntu in the first place and XP in the last place. If XP is often used, it is troublesome to manually select it after each startup. Enter sudogedit/boot/grub. cfg on the terminal and change 0 in setdefault = "0" to 4. When the system starts, change the number of XP members to the corresponding number. Note that it starts from 0 and then 1.2.3.4. 6. gnomemplayer reports the error "VDPAUbackend libvdpau_nvidia.so: cannot open shared object file: No suchfile or directory", but the video can be opened normally. Cause: the default vdpau is output for the player www.2cto.com gnomemplayer. If you have not installed vdpau, the player automatically redirects to x11. Solution: Choose "edit"> "Preferences"> "Player". Set "video output:" to "xv". 7. Open the terminal quickly: ctrl + Alt + T 8. Install the five input methods: After the system is installed, there are no five input methods. Click system-system management-language support to install the complete Language Pack. Then, click the input method and select: preference-Input Method-select input method-Chinese-five times to add it! Ubuntu is really convenient. 9. It took 3 hours to upgrade 10.10 to 11.04 online. Although 7 or 8 files were not successfully installed, they were still in use. There were many problems during use, one by one. When you use the ubuntu Software Center to install the compizconfig settings manager, the following error occurs: Installation cannot solve the software package dependency error. This error may be caused by a non-existent or uninstallable software package. Or there may be conflicts between software packages. They cannot be installed simultaneously. For details, see www.2cto.com dependencies that are not met by the following software packages: simple-ccsm: Open the terminal, enter sudoapt-get update, and then enter sudoapt-get installcompizconfig-settings-manager, in "system-Preferences", find "compizconfig settings manager. 10. system update command: update-manager-d-c, -- check-dist-upgrades check whether a new Ubuntu release is available-d, -- devel-release: Check whether the version can be upgraded to the latest version-p, -- upgrade proposed to the latest version of Ubuntu 11, and online upgrade to 11.10. Many error messages are prompted, however, the system still enters smoothly and compiz is unloaded. To use GNOME3, find the following method on the Internet: (this PPA source is only applicable to Ubuntu11.04/11.10) sudoadd-apt-repository ppa: ricotz/testingsudo apt-get updatesudoapt-get install gnome-shellGnome Official Website: keyboard --> preferences --> keyboard input method, restart the input method to OK. This is my 11.04 solution. Www.2cto.com 13. Restore gnome panel default configuration: Go to any file directory, select edit menu-preferences-the hidden and backup files are checked. in the gconf/apps/directory, delete the panel folder in the directory, log out, and then go to the system. The default settings of the panel will be restored. 14. After sudoapt-get install gnome-sushi is installed, select a file in Nautilus and press the Space key to preview the file quickly. 15. ubuntu11.10 common Shortcut Keys: Super (windows icon key) open tray Super + A open application tray Super + F open file and folder tray Super + W tile mode list all windows Super + S browsing mode, zoom out all work zones, let the Management window Super + T open the recycle bin Ctrl + Alt + T open the terminal www.2cto.com to use in the terminal: ctrl + a-jump to the beginning of the line Ctrl + B-move one character to the left Ctrl + c-terminal process Ctrl + d-delete Ctrl + e from the cursor to the right-jump to the end of the line Ctrl + f- move one character to the right Ctrl + k-delete the part from the cursor to the end of the line Ctrl + u-delete the part from the cursor to the beginning of the line Ctrl + l-clear screen, similar to the clear command Ctrl + r-query history command 16, run the command to install the DEB software: to install. deb package sudodpkg-I package_file.deb to install. sudodpkg-r package_name 17 during deb package, 'Software package not installation' prompt during software installation, and other issues. Try sudoapt-get install-f www.2cto.com 18 and unity solution after crash. unity crashes., after entering unity, there is nothing on the desktop and nothing on the taskbar. Solution: Press Ctrl + Alt + T to run the terminal and enter unity -- reset in sequence. If an error is reported, continue to the following cdrm-rf. config/apps/compiz * rm-rf. cache/compizconfig-1rm-rf. config/compiz-1 rm-rf. compiz 19. Common commands for folders: delete files using the rm file name to delete folders using the rmdir folder name, But rmdir cannot delete non-empty folders, how to delete non-empty folders: Command: rm-rf non-empty folder name create folder mkdir folder Name copy folder CP command format: CP [Option] source file or directory destination file or directory option Description:-B with the same name, slave divides the original file-f to forcibly overwrite the file with the same name
-R recursively retains the original directory structure and copies the file cp-r/tmp/a/root/a. Rename the folder mvoldfilename newfilename20. Ubuntu installation and application method: dpkg-I software name. debsudoapt-get install software name sudoaptitute install software name www.2cto.com aptitue usage: install-install/upgrade software package. Remove-uninstall the software package. Purge-uninstall the software package and delete its configuration file. Hold-place the software package in the hold state. Unhold-cancel the hold command for a software package. Markauto-mark the software package as automatically installed. Unmarkauto-mark the software package as manually installed. Forbid-version-Disable aptitude from being upgraded to a specific version of the software package. Update-download the list of new/updatable software packages. Safe-upgrade-performs a security upgrade. Full-upgrade-performs the upgrade and may install and uninstall the software package. Build-dep-compile dependencies of the installation package. Forget-new-forget which packages are "new. Search-search for a software package by name and/or expression. Show-displays the details of a software package. Clean-delete the downloaded package file. Autoclean-delete the old downloaded package file. Changelog-view the change log of a software package. Download-download the. deb file of the software package. Reinstall-download and (possibly) reinstall a software package that is already installed. Why-display the software packages that require manual installation of another software package, or why one or more software packages require the given software package why-not-to display the manually installed package that causes conflicts with the given software package, or why does one or more software packages conflict with a given software package. Option:-h. -- No-even if the gui is available, the GTK graphical user interface is not used. -S simulates the action, but does not actually execute it. -D only downloads the software package and does not install or uninstall anything. -P always prompts you to confirm the action. -Y is assumed to answer "yes" to a simple yes/no question ". -F format specifies the format for displaying search results. See the manual. -O order specifies how to arrange and Display Search Results. See the manual. The width of www.2cto.com-w specifies the format width of the displayed search result. -F actively attempts to repair corrupted software packages. -V: the version of the software package to be installed. -D: displays the dependencies of automatically changed software packages.-Z: displays the changes in the installation size of each software package. -V displays additional information. (May be provided multiple times ). -T [release] sets the release version from which the software package will be installed. -In the command line status, the incremental progress indicator is not displayed. -Okey = val: directly set the configuration option "key. -- With (out)-recommends specifies whether to process the recommendation as a strong dependency. -Sfname: Read the extended status information of aptitude from the file name. -When u starts running, download the new package list. (Only the terminal interface)-I starts to run the installation. (Only Terminal interface) 22. ubuntu system directory structure/: the root directory is the starting point of the absolute path of all directories. All Files And Directories In ubuntu are in the root directory/etc: this directory is very important. Most system-related service configuration files are stored here. The contents of this directory can only be modified by the Administrator. (The following source list, network setting file ...... In this file)/home: This directory is the location of the home directory of all common users. In general, if you want to limit the disk capacity of users, it is best to partition this directory separately/bin: place the command/sbin that all users can execute: generally place the command/dev that the system administrator can execute: save all Device Files (/dev/hda1,/dev/cdrom ......) /Mnt: Used as a mount point
/Usr: contains all commands, instructions, and libraries (/usr/local contains the programs installed by the Administrator,/usr/share contains the help files of the files, /usr/bin and/usr/sbin contain all commands)/var: Contains log files, scheduled tasks, emails, and so on/lib: contains the system function library file www.2cto.com/lost + found: contains the recovery file/tmp during system repair: contains temporary files, which can be deleted at any time/boot: the location of the system kernel, also the boot partition/media: it is mainly used to mount the multimedia device/root: the system administrator's home directory 23. I just started ubuntu. My version is 11.10, and gnome3. the following error message is displayed: E: encountereda section with no Package: header, E: Problem with MergeList/var/lib/apt/lists/ubuntu.cn99.com _ ubuntu_dists_oneiric_multiverse_i18n_Translation-en, E: The package lists or status file cocould not be parsed oropened. I found the solution on the Internet and now recorded it for future reference: Enter the following two commands in the terminal: sudorm/var/lib/apt/lists/*-vf sudo apt-get update24, upgrade software command: sudoapt-get upgrade clear useless junk files
Automatically uninstall the unused package sudoapt-get autoremove and execute the following command to clear the residual files (configuration files) left by the deleted installation package: dpkg-l | grep ^ rc | awk '{print $2}' | tr ["\ n"] [""] | sudoxargs dpkg-P-or dpkg-l | grep ^ rc | awk '{print $2}' | sudo xargs dpkg-P if an error is reported, prove that there are no residual configuration files in your system, so don't worry. Clear the cache file www.2cto.com sudoapt-get clean to configure China Unicom broadband. Terminal command: Enter sudopppoeconf one way and press enter as prompted to enter the broadband user name and password one way and then press Enter. -------------- The command used by the ora user to configure bandwidth is pppoe-setup but root permission. This command cannot be set repeatedly, so ppp1, ppp2... may be messy.