Common SQL statements for SQL Server database management

1. view the database version
Select @ version
2. view the operating system parameters of the machine where the database is located
Exec master .. xp_msver
3. view database startup parameters
Sp_configure
4. view the database startup time
Select convert (varchar (30), login_time, 120) from master .. sysprocesses where spid = 1
View database server name and Instance name
Print 'server Name ...... + convert (varchar (30), @ SERVERNAME)
Print 'instance ......: '+ convert (varchar (30), @ SERVICENAME)
5. View All Database names and sizes
Sp_helpdb
SQL statement used to rename a database
Sp_renamedb 'old _ dbname', 'new _ dbname'
6. View logon information of all database users
Sp_helplogins
View the role information of all database users
Sp_helpsrvrolemember
Fixed the fix_orphan_user script or LoneUser process that can be used to isolate users during server migration.
Change the user owner of a Data Object
Sp_changeobjectowner [@ objectname =] 'object', [@ newowner =] 'owner'
Note: changing any part of the object name may corrupt the script and stored procedure.
You can use the add_login_to_aserver script to back up the database user logon information on a server.
7. view linked servers
Sp_helplinkedsrvlogin
View remote database user logon information
Sp_helpremotelogin
8. view the size of a data object in a database
Sp_spaceused @ objname
You can also use the sp_toptables process to view the maximum N tables (50 by default ).
View the index information of a data object in a database
Sp_helpindex @ objname
You can also use the SP_NChelpindex process to view more detailed indexes.
SP_NChelpindex @ objname
Clustered indexes sort records in physical order and occupy less space.
We recommend that you use non-clustered indexes and constraints for tables with frequent key value DML operations. The fillfactor parameter uses the default value.
View the constraints of a data object in a database
Sp_helpconstraint @ objname
9. view all stored procedures and functions in the database
Use @ database_name
Sp_stored_procedures
View the source code of stored procedures and functions
Sp_helptext '@ procedure_name'
View the Data Object Name containing a string @ str
Select distinct object_name (id) from syscomments where text like '% @ str %'
Create an encrypted stored procedure or function WITH the with encryption parameter before the
You can use sp_decrypt to decrypt encrypted stored procedures and functions.
10. View user and process information in the database
Sp_who
View information about active users and processes in the SQL Server database
Sp_who 'active'
View the locks in the SQL Server database
Sp_lock
Process No. 1--50 is used internally in the SQL Server system. If the process no. is greater than 50, it is the user's connection process.
Spid is the process number, dbid is the database number, and objid is the data object number
View the SQL statement being executed by the Process
Dbcc inputbuffer ()
We recommend that you use the improved sp_who3 process to directly view the SQL statements run by the process.
Sp_who3
Check the process of using sp_who_lock for deadlocks
Sp_who_lock
11. Methods for shrinking Database Log Files
Shrink database logs in simple recovery mode. The size unit of @ database_name_log after the contraction is M.
Backup log @ database_name with no_log
Dbcc shrinkfile (@ database_name_log, 5)
12. How to analyze SQL Server SQL statements:
Set statistics time {on | off}
Set statistics io {on | off}
Display query execution plan in graphical mode
In the query analyzer-> query-> display estimated evaluation plan (D)-Ctrl-L or click the graph in the toolbar
Display query execution plan in text mode
Set showplan_all {on | off}
Set showplan_text {on | off}
Set statistics profile {on | off}
13. When an inconsistency error occurs, the NT Event Viewer displays error 3624. How to fix the database
Comment out the table referenced in the application with an inconsistent error, recover the table on the backup or other machines, and then perform the repair operation.
Alter database [@ error_database_name] set single_user
Fix inconsistent tables
Dbcc checktable ('@ error_table_name', repair_allow_data_loss)
Or, unfortunately, you can fix the name of a small database with an inconsistent error.
Dbcc checkdb ('@ error_database_name', repair_allow_data_loss)
Alter database [@ error_database_name] set multi_user
CHECKDB has three parameters:
Repair_allow_data_loss includes allocating and unassigning rows and pages to correct the allocation error, structure row, or page error,
And delete corrupted text objects. These repairs may cause data loss.
The repair operation can be completed under the user transaction to allow the user to roll back the changes.
If the rollback is fixed, the database will still contain errors and the backup should be restored.
If an error fix is missing due to the severity of the severity level provided, it will omit any fix that depends on the fix.
After the restoration is completed, back up the database.
Repair_fast Performs small and time-consuming repair operations, such as fixing additional keys in non-clustered indexes.
These repairs can be completed quickly without the risk of data loss.
Repair_rebuild performs all repairs completed by repair_fast, including repairs that require a long period of time (such as re-indexing ).
There is no risk of data loss when performing these repairs.