Comparison of development methods

1. Basic principles of structured approach

The basic idea of the structured method is to treat the problem as a system to analyze and solve the problem by means of the system science method, which follows the following basic principles.

(1) abstract principles

Abstract principle is the basic principle that all systems scientific methods must follow. It focuses on grasping the essential content of the system and ignoring the content that is not related to the current goal of the system it is a basic cognitive process and way of thinking

(2) Decomposition principle

The principle of decomposition is the most basic principle in the structured method. It is a kind of the thought principle of the general post-local and it adopts top-down layered approach when constructing information system model

(3) Principle of modularization

Modularization is a concrete application of the most basic decomposition principle of the structured method. It mainly appears in the structured design phase, its goal is to break down the system into several modules with specific functions to complete the functions specified by the system.

2. The basic principles that the object-oriented model follows

The object-oriented model follows the following basic principles: Abstraction, encapsulation, modularity, and hierarchy principles.

(1) abstract

Abstraction is the most basic way to deal with the complexity of the real world. In the Oo method, it emphasizes that the essential characteristics of the difference between an object and other objects. Determining a reasonable abstract set for a given domain is one of the key problems in object-oriented modeling

(2) package

Encapsulation is the process of dividing an abstract element by a structure and behavior that encapsulates the original interface used to separate the abstraction and its execution

Encapsulation is also known as information hiding information hiding it separates the external features of an object from the internal execution details and hides the latter from other objects .

(3) Modular

Modularity is a system feature that has been divided into a series of clustered and coupled modules to determine the correct set of modules for a given problem almost as difficult as determining the correct abstract set, usually each module should be simple enough to be fully understood

(4) level

Abstract sets usually form a hierarchy, which is the collation and sorting of abstractions. There are two very important levels in the complex real world, one is the type hierarchy and the other is the structural level . Determining the level of abstraction is based on the inheritance of objects, which helps to discover the relationship between abstractions in the inheritance of objects, and to understand the nature of the problem.

3.MSF Follow the Basic principles

There are 8 basic principles of MSF:

(1) Promoting information sharing and communication (Foster Open Communications)

(2) Working for a common vision (work toward a shared vision)

(3) Full authorization and trust (Empower team members)

(4) Responsible for the project (establish clear accountability and shared responsibility)

(5) Value business values (focus on delivering biz value)

(6) Keep agile and anticipate changes (stay agile, expect change)

(7) Quality of investment (Invest in quality)

(8) Learn all the experience (learn from all experiences)

4. Core issues of the structured approach

Model problem is the core problem of structured method modeling is to better understand the real-world modeling we want to simulate is usually starting from the system requirements analysis in a structured approach is to use the SA method to build the system's environment model and then use SD method to determine the behavior and functional model of the system finally, the SP method is used to design the system and to determine the user's realistic model .

5. Core issues of object-oriented approach

The object-oriented approach is the same as the structured method, and its core problem is the model problem object-oriented model is mainly composed of OOA model Ood model , which ooa mainly belongs to the abstract morphology of the subject Ood mainly belongs to the content of discipline design form.

6. Core issues of the MSF approach

The actual environment may be not often complex, such as distributed environment, internet/intranet environment, especially large enterprises, the actual environment is much more complex than the laboratory environment, so the application of laboratory products to the real environment is a very important task. This work is not done well, often making the whole project naught, fall short.

7. Characteristics of structural system analysis methods

(1) User-oriented, users to participate in the analysis of the system from beginning to finish;

(2) Emphasizing the importance of investigative work;

(3) Decomposition of various data in the management business;

(4) The system thought of hierarchical decomposition was adopted;

(5) Using graphical tools to analyze and construct new schemes.

¨ structural analysis of the chart tools are mainly composed of data flow diagram, data dictionary and processing instructions.

8. Characteristics of object-oriented system analysis methods

(1) emphasizing the integrity and global nature of system development

(2) focus on the process of data transformation rather than the data itself

(3) long development cycle of the system

(4) Encapsulation of  

The concept of objects breaks through the separation of traditional data from operations. Objects act as independent entities, enclosing free data and operations to make their state and behavior localized.

(5) Inheritance of  

Inheritance is object-oriented and the most powerful mechanism. Class inheritance can compensate the problem of data or operation redundancy caused by encapsulated object, and realize software resource sharing, evolution and augmented expansion through inheritance support reuse.

(6) Polymorphism  

Sending the same message to different classes or objects can cause different operations, making software development and design more convenient and coding more flexible.

(7) Ease of maintenance

Object-oriented abstract encapsulation makes object information hidden locally. When the object is modified, or the object itself produces an error, the resulting effect is confined to the inside of the object without affecting the other objects or even the whole system environment, which greatly facilitates the software design, construction and operation of the process of detection of errors, modifications.

Features of 9.MSF system analysis methods

MSF is a large-scale system development guide that describes how to develop applications for client/server structures with team models, process models, and application models, and is a reference for building and developing distributed enterprise system applications based on Microsoft tools and technologies. The largest feature of MSF is commercialization and is reflected throughout the implementation of the project. The so-called commercialization means the business interests of the customer. How much customers invest, how much they get, what the latest technology customers are using, and how to turn project planning into products (product) to produce benefits, and so on, are all issues that MSF has to consider.

Program design is a technology, it needs the corresponding theories, techniques, methods and tools to support. In terms of the development of programming methods and technology, mainly through the structural programming and object-oriented programming phase, but their methods and targets are different. I think object-oriented is good, because the object-oriented approach has its own merits. First, it is consistent with the way people think, making it easy for both users and maintainers to understand that there is no difficulty in understanding the user's use, maintainability is high in software maintenance, and easy to test and debug. Secondly, its stability is good, the local modification of the software, will not cause the overall change, and the local modification is easy to achieve. The object-oriented method can be reused well, and because it is to decompose the big problem into the small problem, it reduces the technical difficulty of the development, the management of the development work becomes easy, the development of large software side is easy, the cost is also reduced. Object-oriented approach directly from the problem, to the system modeling, reduce the use of cost, so that users in the use of a new software, can in the shortest possible time to understand the use of the method, the correct, clear use of software.
In the process of writing, the structure of the method has a relatively strong advantages, it is clear-minded, methodical, neat steps, easy to read comprehension, and in the focus on the user approach to the function, object-oriented approach is easier to understand, it is simple to operate, the interface is clear, making the software use becomes simple, so it is easier to accept.

Comparison of development methods