Comparison of linux and windows Technologies

Comparison of linux and windows technologies-general Linux technology-Linux technology and application information. For details, refer to the following section. Linux is a UNIX-like operating system mainly running on the inetel architecture. It not only has all the characteristics of UNIX systems, but also is compatible with POSIX standards. Linux features include real multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, demand loading, shared write-time replication program execution, excellent memory management, and TCP/IP network support. Its issuance complies with the GNU General Public License. The Windows operating system and Linux have different development modes and development history.

Process management and scheduling: Low Linux overhead

In terms of process management and scheduling, Linux is a single-block operating system. The operating system is usually carried out in the memory space of the user process, eliminating the overhead of process switching during system calls. Windows is a quasi-micro-kernel operating system. Many functions are implemented by separate processes, which improves the modularization of the system, but the overhead of process switching is higher.

Linux supports kernel-level threads, But it defines threads as another "execution context" of processes, which simplifies the relationship between processes/threads and the design of scheduling programs, its thread Library provides a POSIX-compatible thread synchronization mechanism. The threads supported by Windows are typical process/thread models. Its thread synchronization mechanism is similar to that in Linux. In Linux, a process is a basic scheduling unit. It provides three scheduling policies.

Inter-process communication mechanism: Linux is more flexible

In terms of inter-process communication mechanism, Linux provides a standard unix ipc Mechanism, while Windows provides many advanced IPC Mechanisms for applications based on the Basic IPC Mechanism. In essence, the Linux IPC Mechanism is similar to the IPC primitive, which is relatively low-level and provides maximum flexibility. On this basis, you can also establish more complex advanced IPC Mechanisms, however, Windows provides primitive IPC Mechanisms such as pipelines, named pipelines, message transmission, shared memory, and semaphores.

Memory Management: Linux is better than Windows

In terms of memory management, Linux and Windows use different memory la s when the address space of the same process is large. Windows only provides 2 GB of available virtual address space for processes, while the process address space in Linux is more flexible.

In terms of virtual memory usage, the Linux kernel manages a lot of details for users. Users can think that they actually have 4 GB of address space, instead of worrying about whether the virtual memory is submitted to physical storage. Windows provides programmers with a variety of virtual memory usage solutions. Although these solutions are complicated to use, they provide a certain degree of flexibility. It also supports DOS and Win16 program execution, but in order to provide this compatibility, its memory management has paid a very high performance price.

Although both Linux and Windows provide Memory sharing technology, their implementations are slightly different. The interfaces provided by Linux are very simple. You only need to attach your virtual memory space area to the shared memory object. Windows provides the shared memory mechanism through memory ing files. In terms of usage, it is a little complicated.

Linux has a high flexibility in memory swap management. Users can create "no holes" files in a common file system as swap space, and can also use multiple swap files to dynamically increase swap files. It also provides a method to use swap partitions as swap spaces, which is the preferred swap space solution. Windows page files are hard to get rid of the danger of fragmentation. To ensure that they use non-fragmented page files, some measures must be taken.

Linux and Windows share some similarities in the use of high-speed cache, and try to use all the free RAM of the system as the high-speed cache area. However, Linux has some unique advantages in high-speed cache management, this is the root cause of its high performance.

Security: Linux has some advantages

In terms of security, Linux uses UNIX technologies that are successful in terms of security. Despite some security vulnerabilities, these vulnerabilities can be detected and solved quickly. Although the ACL technology adopted by Windows is more complex and strict, the password encryption steps are too simple and easy to crack. The openness of security design also causes many security vulnerabilities.

A new test result shows that the performance of samba File server in linux is quite satisfactory compared with that of windows 2003 server File server.