Cool-man, animal-and-face, jade comb back: exquisite craftsmanship

The Yarn Back of the sacred animal and Animal Surface decoration carved in the Tomb No. 16 of the anti-Mountain

Gu Yu tasting 34

Jiang Weidong

He graduated from the department of Archaeology from Peking University in 1989. He is now the president of Liangzhu Museum of Zhejiang Province, a researcher, and an expert member of the Chinese yu cultural center. He has been engaged in archaeological exploration and research on prehistoric cultural sites in northern Zhejiang for a long time, strong affinity with Liangzhu culture.

The back of the yarn is a kind of flat inverted trapezoid jade that is often Unearthed from Tombs with high levels of culture in Liangzhu. It was originally named as the "vertical yarn" and "Inverted Trapezoid "; in 1986, During the excavation of the anti-Mountain Cemetery, its top shape was similar to that of the Canal worn by the gods in the complete animal surface image. Therefore, it was renamed as a "robot". In 1999, the unearthed ivory combs on the back of the Jade back at the zhoujiabang site indicate that the jade is embedded in the back of the comb made of organic material. The name of "Yushang" is also accepted by academic circles.

At present, there are more than 60 pieces of the Liangzhu Culture yarn from different regions in the Taihu Basin. The overall shape can be divided into concave and convex shapes. There are almost two types of combs at the bottom or on a flat sone ~ Five balanced horizontal pin holes are used to compose organic combs.

The "Concave" shape refers to the largest number of unearthed pieces of the yarn back. It is common in different stages and regions of Liangzhu Culture in the morning and evening. It is the mainstream shape of Liangzhu Yarn Back. Its shape changes have gone through five stages of development:

1. straight top, no concave defects, side near oblique straight; 2. concave and convex at the top, arc concave and convex in the center, near oblique and straight sides on both sides, chimney repair, branch 4. at the bottom of the sides, the Concave Arc appears, and the half-end is further narrowed to the center, which makes the boundary between the half and the back more obvious. the Concave Arc Section at the bottom of both sides of the back body is further expanded, so that the whole back of the jade comb is changed by the upper width, lower width, and middle section.

Although the top shape has multiple forms, such as straight shape, arc concave and convex shape, but the top cover of the head shape concave and convex shape of the jade comb back, the number of unearthed accounted for the absolute majority, it indicates that it is undoubtedly the most representative shape in the back of all kinds of combs.

The plane is in the convex shape of the back of the jade comb, the top is only the top of the treasure head convex, no concave deficiency. This type of yarn is currently only found in the two places of yarn and yaoshan. It should be a variant of the "Concave" shape of yarn. The back of the tornado comb in three convex shapes unearthed from the back of the back, carved with God, man, and animal surface images as the subject of exquisite decoration. Among them, the back of the jade comb in Tomb No. 16 of the anti-Mountain, with a height of 5.27 cm, a width of 10.34 cm, and a thickness of 0.4 cm, is the largest part of the known back of the jade comb. In the center, the Animal Surface pattern is centered on the eyes of the heavy ring, garlic-like nose, wide-mouth fangs, and the lower limbs. The two sides are the opposite sides of the arms. This collection is a masterpiece of the Excellent craftsmanship of Liangzhu Culture Jade.

Almost all of the properly-preserved Yarn Back unearthed from the archaeological excavation were found at the head of the tomb. Zhou jiabang tomb 30 Jade back ivory comb teeth for the dead after the head of the pressure, SHKP 108 tomb jade comb back whole for the dead skull Pressed Cover. It can be seen that, when the dead enter the tomb, the combs embedded in the headers of the tomb should be inserted in the combs of the tomb, and according to Mr Sun's study, this kind of head combs customs, it has become popular in ancient China.

 

Cool-man, animal-and-face, jade comb back: exquisite craftsmanship