Create a Linux virtual machine using Hyper-V Server

With Hyper-V and Windows Azure provisioning Linux, this is a big step in Microsoft's efforts to improve support for open source software. As part of this initiative, Microsoft's Linux Integration Services (LIS) team continues to develop advanced Linux drivers and is checked directly by the Linux kernel team, so subsequent new versions of major distributions such as CentOS, Debian, Red Hat, SUSE and Ubuntu can be integrated directly.

The integration service was originally provided for download through the Microsoft Web site. Linux users download and install these drivers and contact Microsoft directly when they need support. As the driver matures, it is now directly included in the Linux distribution. This will not only prevent additional downloads from the Microsoft website, but also allow users to fully use existing technical support with Linux vendors.

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The support of Hyper-V on Linux is mainly reflected in:

1. Support for 64 virtual processors and more in-depth integration services

With the release of Windows Server 2012 and subsequent Windows Server R2, Hyper-V supports running Linux with up to 64 virtual machines using VMS, which can significantly increase the scalability and performance of CPU-intensive workloads. In addition, Linux Integration services have been greatly improved to further improve network and storage controller performance, support Fastpath Boot, time keeping, integrated shutdown and so on.

2. Synthetic Frame buffer Driver

The buffer driver can greatly improve the graphics performance of a Linux virtual machine running on a hyper-V host. In addition, this driver provides full HD mode resolution (1920x1080) for the Linux guest system on Hyper-V desktop mode.

Another notable effect of the synthetic frame buffer driver is that the new version solves the double cursor problem. However, some customers who use older Linux distribution desktop models still report that they will see two chasing cursor pointers on the screen. This distracting issue has been successfully solved by crafting a 2D-frame buffer, which can provide a better experience for Linux desktop users.

3. Dynamic memory Support

The Linux guest system uses dynamic memory to achieve a higher virtual machine density on each host. This feature is of great value for Linux administrators who want to use Hyper-V to consolidate server load. Internal tests showed that the server capacity increased 30-40% when dynamic memory was enabled for virtual machines running Linux.

Linux dynamic Memory drivers monitor the memory usage of Linux virtual machines and escalate them to hyper-V on a regular basis. Based on the reported usage, Hyper-V can dynamically adjust memory allocations for multiple virtual machines that are hosted. Also note that Linux and Windows virtual machine configuration Dynamic memory interface is the same.

Dynamic memory drivers for Linux virtual machines provide hot add and ballooning support, and can configure startup, minimum memory, and maximum memory parameters in Hyper-V manager.

When the system starts, the Linux virtual opportunity is booted with the amount of memory configured with the startup parameters. If the virtual machine requires more memory, Hyper-V uses the hot-add mechanism to dynamically increase the amount of memory available to the virtual machine.

In addition, if the virtual machine requires less memory than the assigned value, Hyper-V uses the ballooning mechanism to reduce the amount of available memory for the virtual machine to a suitable value.

4. Real-time virtual machine backup support

For Linux running on Hyper-V, many customers want to create a seamless backup of a running Linux virtual machine. In the past, customers had to suspend or shut down a Linux virtual machine to create a backup. This process is not only difficult to automate, but also leads to critical load downtime.

To solve this problem, the Linux guest system running on Hyper-V is now available with file system snapshot drivers. The Hyper-V standard backup API triggers the drive to create a file system consistent snapshot of the VHD connected to the virtual machine running Linux, but does not affect or disrupt any operations within the virtual machine.

An important difference between a Linux virtual machine and the Windows virtual machine backup feature is that Linux backups only ensure consistency with the file system, while Windows backup ensures file system consistency with the application. This is because Linux lacks a standardized Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) infrastructure.

5. Real-time dynamic expansion of fixed-capacity VHDX

The ability to dynamically adjust the VHDX capacity allows administrators to improve performance through the new format while allocating storage for VHDs. This feature is now also available for Linux virtual machines running on Hyper-V. Also note that the Linux file system is very adaptable to the dynamic capacity changes of the underlying disk drives.

6. Linux kdump/kexec Support

One of the main pain points for hosting Linux in Windows Server 2012 and Windows Server R2 environments is that you must create a kernel dump for a Linux virtual machine using a legacy driver (see KB 2858695).

In Windows Server R2, the Hyper-V infrastructure has been improved to create crash dumps seamlessly with storage and network drives, so no special configuration is required, and Linux users are free to create dumps for the cores of the network or attached storage devices.

7. NMI Support

If the Linux system running on Hyper-V is completely unresponsive, users can now use non-maskable interrupts (NMI) to communicate with the system. This approach is ideal for diagnosing system deadlock problems caused by kernel or user-mode components.

8. Memory-mapped I/O (MMIO) GAP specification

Linux-based device manufacturers use MMIO gap (also known as PCI Hole) to allocate available physical memory between the Just enough Operating System (JeOS) used to boot the device and the actual software infrastructure of the drive device. Inability to configure MMIO gap causes JeOS to run out of all available memory, making the device's custom software infrastructure free of memory. This flaw makes it impossible to develop hyper-V-based virtual appliances.

Device manufacturers can configure MMIO Gap location with Windows Server R2 Hyper-V infrastructure. This feature facilitates the provisioning of hyper-V-driven virtual appliances in a virtualized environment.

This space demonstrates the use of Hyper-V to create a Linux virtual machine and installs Hyper-V Integration Services, since CentOS version 6.4 is already integrated with Hyper-V Integration Services, so here's an example of CentOS6.3.

First, create a Linux virtual machine

1. Log in to the Hyper-V server, open Hyper-V Manager, right-click the Hyper-V server name, select New, tap virtual machine

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2, New Virtual Machine Wizard page, click Next

3, specify the virtual machine name and storage location, click Next

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4, select virtual Machine algebra, select the first generation virtual machine, and later create a Linux virtual machine based on the second generation, click Next

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5, allocating virtual machine memory

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6, configure the network

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7, connect the virtual hard disk, select Create virtual hard disk here, click Next

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8, install the Options page, select the operating system from the bootable CD/DVD, click Next

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9. After the summary page is confirmed, click Finish to wait for the virtual machine to complete.

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10, right-Create the virtual machine "bj-centos-01", select the connection, click the Start button in the menu bar

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11, select the first item, install or upgrade the operating system

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12, because Hyper-V integration service is not installed, when you use the mouse to operate, you will be prompted

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13, wait for CentOS6.3 installation to complete

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Second, install Hyper-V Integration Services

Linux Integration Services mainly provide the following functions to enable Hyper-V to interact and communicate with Linux virtual machines

1) Driver Support:linux integration Services supports the network controller and the IDE and SCSI storage controllers tha T were developed specifically for Hyper-V.

2) Fastpath boot support for Hyper-V: Boot devices now take advantage of the Block virtualization Service Client (VSC) to Provide enhanced performance

3) Time Keeping:the clock inside the virtual machine would remain accurate by synchronizing-the clock on the Virtualiza tion server via TimeSync service, and with the help of the pluggable time source device.

4) Integrated shutdown:virtual machines running Linux can be shut off from either Hyper-V Manager or System Center Virtu Al machine Manager by using the ' Shut down ' command.

5) symmetric multi-processing (SMP) support:supported Linux distributions can use multiple virtual processors per virtual Machine. The actual number of virtual processors that can being allocated to a vsan is only limited by the underlying hyper Visor.

6) Heartbeat:this feature allows the virtualization server to detect whether the Vsan is running and Responsiv E.

7) KVP (Key Value Pair) exchange:information about the running Linux virtual machine can is obtained by using the Key Val UE Pair Exchange functionality on the Windows server virtualization server.

8) Integrated Mouse Support:linux Integration Services provides full Mouse support for Linux guest virtual machines.

9) Live Migration:linux virtual machines can undergo live migration for load balancing purposes

Jumbo Frames:linux virtual machines can be configured to use Ethernet Frames with more than bytes of payload

One) VLAN tagging and trunking:administrators can attach single or multiple VLAN IDs to synthetic network adapters

) Static IP injection:allows Migration of Linux virtual machines with Static IP addresses.

Linux VHDX resize:allows dynamic resizing of VHDX storage attached to a Linux Vsan.

Synthetic Fibre Channel support:linux virtual machines can natively access high performance SAN networks.

) Live Linux virtual machine backup support:facilitates Zero downtime backup of running Linux virtual machines.

Dynamic Memory ballooning support:improves Linux virtual machine density for a given hyper-V host.

Synthetic video device Support:provides improved graphics performance for Linux virtual machines.

PAE Kernel Support:provides drivers that is compatible with PAE enabled Linux virtual machines.

1. First need to download the Linux version of Hyper-V Integration service on Microsoft Official website

http://www.microsoft.com/zh-CN/download/details.aspx?id=41554

2. Insert the downloaded Linuxicv35.iso Integration service image file

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3. Use the following command to view the attached ISO file

# Mount/dev/cdrom/media

4. Enter the following directory according to the Linux system version (RHEL and CentOS work with an integration service)

Cd/media/cdrom/rhel63

5. Complete the installation of Hyper-V Integration Services by executing the following command

#./upgrade.sh

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6. Restart the virtual machine "bj-centos-01" after the upgrade is complete

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7. After the virtual machine "bj-centos-01" restarts, you can use the mouse to operate on the virtual machine and use the 650 directly) this.width=650; "height=" "title=" image "style=" margin:0px; Border:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-left:0px;background-image:none; "alt=" image "src=" http:// S3.51cto.com/wyfs02/m01/54/6c/wkiom1sbphnz_bg2aaa23ffsc28926.jpg "border=" 0 "/> managing Linux virtual machines

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8. Verifying the Linux version of Hyper-V Integration Services

Use #/sbin/modinfo Hv_vmbus filename To verify this hyper-V VMBus name

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Use #/sbin/lsmod | grep HV verifies all hyper-V components

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1) hv_utils:provides integrated shutdown, Key-value pair (KVP) data exchange, heartbeat, mouse and live backup.

2) Hv_timesource:is The pluggable time source module to assist in accurate timekeeping in the virtual machine

3) Hv_storvsc:provides Support-all storage devices attached-a virtual machine

4) Hv_vmbus:is The fast communication channel between the server running Hyper-V and the virtual machine

9. Create a CentOS6.6 virtual machine based on a Hyper-V second-generation virtual machine

First download the CentOS6.6 installation image file, the English version is recommended and the system patches

http://www.centos.org/

Hyper-V Virtual Machine Algebra page, select second generation virtual machine, click Next

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Choose to install the operating system from a bootable image file and click Next

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Create a new Virtual machine Summary page, click Finish to confirm the error and wait for the virtual machine to complete

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10. Return to the Hyper-V management console, right-create the virtual machine "bj-centos-02", select Power on

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11. Select CentOS6.6 to start the System Installation Wizard

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For more information about Hyper-V virtualization and Linux, see

Http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn531030.aspx

This article is from the "Xu Ting blog" blog, make sure to keep this source http://ericxuting.blog.51cto.com/8995534/1586779

Create a Linux virtual machine using Hyper-V Server