CSU 1563: Lexicography (mathematical counting problem), csulexicography

CSU 1563: Lexicography (mathematical counting problem), csulexicography

1563: LexicographyTime Limit: 1 Sec Memory Limit: 128 MB
Submit: 342 Solved: 111
[Submit] [Status] [Web Board] Description

An ansible of a string is any string that can be formed using the same letters as the original. (We consider the original string an anal of itself as well .) for example, the string ACM has the following 6 anagrams, as given in alphabetical order:

ACM
AMC
CAM
CMA
MAC
MCA
As another example, the string ICPC has the following 12 anagrams (in alphabetical order ):

CCIP
CCPI
CICP
CIPC
CPCI
CPIC
ICCP
ICPC
IPCC
PCCI
PCIC
PICC
Given a string and a rank K, you are to determine the Kth such anw.according to alphabetical order.

Input

Each test case will be designated on a single line containing the original word followed by the desired rank K. words will use uppercase letters (I. e ., A through Z) and will have length at most 16. the value of K will be in the range from 1 to the number of distinct anagrams of the given word. A line of the form "#0" designates the end of the input.

Output

For each test, display the Kth anal of the original string.

Sample Input

ACM 5ICPC 12REGION 274# 0

Sample Output

MACPICCIGNORE

HINT

The value of K cocould be almost 245 in the largest tests, so you shoshould use type long in Java, or type long in C ++ to store K.

// Sorting and combination counting problem. The n count column is n !, If x has t, all columns are listed as n! /(T !) // Then enumerate the case where the current BIT is I, and then always subtract it from the case where I is, If <I, // then this bit is I # include <iostream> # include <cstdio> # include <cstring> # include <algorithm> # include <cmath> # include <queue> # include <stack> # include <vector> # include <set> # include <map> # define L (x) (x <1) # define R (x) (x <1 | 1) # define MID (x, y) (x + y)> 1) # define eps 1e-8typedef long ll; # define fre (I, a, B) for (I = a; I <B; I ++) # define free (I, B, a) for (I = B; I> = a; I --) # define mem (t, v) memset (t), v, sizeof (t )) # define ssf (n) scanf ("% s", n) # define sf (n) scanf ("% d", & n) # define sff (a, B) scanf ("% d", & a, & B) # define sfff (a, B, c) scanf ("% d", &, & B, & c) # define pf printf # define bug pf ("Hi \ n") using namespace std; # define INF 0x3f3f3f3f # define N 17ll dp [N]; ll k; int len; int a [30]; char c [N]; int ans [N]; void inint () {int I, j; dp [0] = 1; dp [1] = 1; fre (I, 2, N) dp [I] = dp [I-1] * I ;} void dfs (int pos, ll k) {if (pos = len) return; // printf ("% lld \ n", k); int I, j; int le = len-pos; fre (I,) if (a [I]> 0) {ll ss = dp [le-1]; fre (j) if (a [j]) {if (j = I) {ss/= dp [a [I]-1];} else ss/= dp [a [j];} if (ss> = k) // This is the case when I have ss {ans [pos] = I; a [I] --; dfs (pos + 1, k); return;} else k-= ss;} int main () {int I, j; inint (); while (scanf ("% s % lld", c, & k) {if (c [0] = '#' & k = 0) break; mem (a, 0); len = strlen (c); fre (I, 0, len) a [c [I]-'a'] ++; sort (c, c + len); dfs (0, k); fre (I, 0, len) pf ("% c", ans [I] + 'A '); puts ("");} return 0 ;}