6.1: Compression Packaging Introduction:
Compression: Saves space, facilitates transport, and consumes less bandwidth resources:
Common types of compressed files:
Windows: . rar. zip. 7z
Linux: . zip. gz. bz2. xz. tar.gz. tar.bz2. Tar.xz
1. Compression tool gzip: (Cannot compress directory, and delete source files after compression)
Syntax: gzip [-d1-9] File
-D: Use when compressing source files (in conjunction with gzip) "=======>gunzip (same effect)
1-9: Refers to the compression level, 1 is the worst ( maximum ), 9 is the best ( minimum ), the default is 6.
1.1: First I prepare a large content file, the effect is more obvious
[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt #查看此文件大小的内容为2M. 2.0m 11.txt[[email protected] ~]# gzip 11.txt # gzip to compress it:[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt.gz #压缩后大小为24K, obvious effect: 24k 11.txt.gz[[email protected] ~]# gzip -d 11.txt.gz #使用gzip对其加压缩: [[email protected] ~]# gzip -1 11.txt #使用压缩级别1 (worst) to compress text:[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt.gz #压缩后大小变为240K:240k 11.txt.gz[[email Protected] ~]# gunzip 11.txt.gz #使用gunzip进行解压缩:
As we know, there are two types of text compression commands:
Gzip- D file (-D must be added)
Gunzip file (no parameters required)
1.2:gzip also supports viewing of compressed file content :
Syntax: zcat filename
[Email protected] ~]# zcat 1.txt.gz #使用zcat进行查看root: X:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashbin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologindaem On:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
1.3:gzip also supports preserving source files when compressing : (-C)
Syntax: Gzip-c source file after compressed file name (both names cannot be the same)
[Email protected] ~]# gzip-c 1.txt > 2.txt.gz
[Email protected] ~]# gzip-dc 1.txt.gz > 5.txt #将文件解压后到5. txt file:
Note: Sometimes after you keep the source file, and then unzip the file will be prompted to exist, you cannot extract:
[Email protected] ~]# bzip2-d 1.txt.bz2
Bzip2:output file 1.txt already exists.
You can use the -df option to force overrides:
[Email protected] ~]# bzip2-df 1.txt.bz2
2, compression tool bzip2 (compression directory is not supported, the source file is not preserved after compression)
Compression level: 1-9: Default is 9
2.1: Syntax: bzip [-DZ] filename
The options are as follows:
- Z: Use when compressing files (no-Z option is also possible)
- D: Use when extracting files:
is also to prepare a relatively large content of the file:
[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt #查看文件大小为2M: 2.0m 11.txt[[email protected] ~]# bzip2 11.txt #使用bzip2进行压缩, the default level is 9:[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt.bz2 #压缩后28K, the effect is more obvious: 28k 11.txt.bz2[[email protected] ~]# bzip2 -d 11.txt.bz2 #使用bzip2 -d uncompressed: [[email protected] ~]# bzip2 -z1 11.txt #使用1级别进行压缩: File 144k:[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt.bz2 #再次查看文件大小: 144K     11.TXT.BZ2
This results in: bzip Nine compression levels: 1 levels of compression after the largest content,9 compression after the least content.
2.2:GZIP2 also supports viewing of compressed file content :
Syntax: bzcat filename
[Email protected] ~]# bzcat 1.txt.bz2 #bzcat查看文件内容root: X:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashbin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
1.3:gzip also supports preserving source files when compressing : (- k )
Syntax: bzip2-k file name after compressing source files (the names of the two cannot be the same)
[Email protected] ~]# bzip2-k 1.txt > 2.txt.bz2 #保留源文件:
[Email protected] ~]# bzip2-dc 1.txt.bz2 > 5.txt #将文件解压后到5. txt file:
3, compression tool Zip: (You can also compress files and directories)--compression will retain the source files:
You can use Yum install-y zip to install
Compressed files under Windows and Linux can be common:
The syntax is as follows
compressed Files : Zip compressed file name to be compressed
Unzip file : Unzip Zip package name
3.1: Unzip the file:
[[email protected] ~]# zip 1.txt.zip 1.txt # compress the file with Zip:
Adding:1.txt (deflated 59%)
[Email protected] ~]# ls-l 1.txt 1.txt.zip
-rw-r--r--1 root root 964 November 9 21:16 1.txt
-rw-r--r--1 root root 555 November 9 22:42 1.txt.zip
3.2: Unzip directory:zip-r directory name to be compressed after compression directory
[Email protected] ~]# zip-r yuanhh.zip yuanhh
adding:yuanhh/(stored 0)
adding:yuanhh/2/(stored 0%)
adding:yuanhh/4/(stored 0%)
ADDING:YUANHH/3 (stored 0%)
Adding:yuanhh/1.bak (stored 0%)
adding:yuanhh/1.txt.bz2 (stored 0%)
[Email protected] ~]# ls-ld yuan* #源文件来存在
Drwxr-sr-x 4 Root YUANHH 63 November 9 19:24 YUANHH
-rw-r--r--1 root root 1360 November 9 23:02 Yuanhh.zip
3.2: So when extracting the file, will be prompted to overwrite it: will prompt whether to overwrite:
[Email protected] ~]# unzip Yuanhh.zip
Archive:yuanhh.zip
Replace YUANHH/3? [Y]es, [N]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename:y
Extracting:yuanhh/3
Replace Yuanhh/1.bak? [Y]es, [N]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y
Extracting:yuanhh/1.bak
Replace yuanhh/1.txt.bz2? [Y]es, [N]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y
extracting:yuanhh/1.txt.bz2
If you don't want to prompt: You can use unzip-o to compress file names
[[email protected] ~]# unzip-o yuanhh.zip #-o is automatically overwritten without prompting:
Archive:yuanhh.zip
Extracting:yuanhh/3
Extracting:yuanhh/1.bak
extracting:yuanhh/1.txt.bz2
4, Compression tool XZ: ( cannot compress the directory, and delete the source files after compression )
Syntax: XZ [-zd] File name
[[email protected] ~]# xz 1.txt # zip file
[[email protected] ~]# xz-d 1.txt.xz # unzip the file
4.1:XZ compressed; You can also keep the source file: with-C:
[Email protected] ~]# xz-c 1.txt > 1.txt.xz #压缩后保留源文件:
[Email protected] ~]# xz-dc 1.txt.xz > 5.txt #将文件解压后到5. txt file:
PostScript: Use the file command to view information about the files:
[[Email protected] ~]# file 2.txt.gz
2.txt.gz:gzip compressed data, was ' 1.txt ', from Unix, last Modified:thu Nov 9 21:16:40 2017
This article is from the "_de blog" blog, be sure to keep this source http://yuanhaohao.blog.51cto.com/7714752/1980471
Day18--linux gzip, bzip2, zip, XZ three compression tools introduction