Debian 7 Installation Configuration Summary

In the last few days I have been tossing Debian 7 (GNOME Desktop DVD version, KDE desktop CD version will finally mention), overall harvest is quite large, compared to the previous use of Ubuntu,debian 7 feel like a newborn baby, without extra fancy, so simple and simple. Not much to say, the following to write their own after the installation of Debian encountered some problems and solutions.

1. Installing the System

The installation system can refer to the following tutorials:

Http://www.jb51.net/os/85858.html

http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?f=165&t=443173

Http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/index.html.zh-cn

Https://wiki.debian.org/zh_CN/FrontPage?action=show&redirect=%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5

The steps are detailed, be careful not to set up the network, do not use the network image on the line.

2. Configure the source

1 Su-2Password:3 gedit/etc/apt/Sources.list45Add the following 163 sources:6#################### #主要, opensource, closed source7 Deb http://Mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy main Non-free contrib8 DEB-SRC http://Mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy main Non-free contrib9Ten ################## #wheezy-proposed-Updates Recommended UpdateOne-to-one Deb http://Mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates Main contrib Non-freeDEB-SRC http://Mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates Main contrib Non-free13#wheezy-Updates recommendedDeb http://Mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-updates Main contrib Non-freeDEB-SRC http://Mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-updates Main contrib Non-free17 18 19 #wheezy/updates security update 20 deb Http:// mirrors.163.com/debian-security wheezy/updates main contrib non-free 21 deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security Wheezy/updates Main contrib non-free 22 23 Deb Http://http.us.debian.org/debian wheezy main contrib Non-free 24 deb Http:// 
        

#上海交大
Deb Http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy main Non-free contrib
Deb Http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib
Deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security wheezy/updates main Non-free contrib

DEB-SRC Http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC Http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security wheezy/updates main Non-free contrib

#上海交大 IPv6
Deb Http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy main Non-free contrib
Deb Http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib
Deb http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security wheezy/updates main Non-free contrib

DEB-SRC Http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC Http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC http://ftp6.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security wheezy/updates main Non-free contrib

#网易
Deb Http://mirrors.163.com/debian/wheezy main Non-free contrib
Deb Http://mirrors.163.com/debian/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC Http://mirrors.163.com/debian/wheezy main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC http://mirrors.163.com/debian/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib

#搜狐
Deb Http://mirrors.sohu.com/debian/wheezy main Non-free contrib
Deb Http://mirrors.sohu.com/debian/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC Http://mirrors.sohu.com/debian/wheezy main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC http://mirrors.sohu.com/debian/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib

#中国科技大学
Deb Http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/wheezy main Non-free contrib
Deb Http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC Http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/wheezy main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib

#清华大学 's not very stable.
Deb Http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/wheezy main Non-free contrib
Deb Http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC Http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/wheezy main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib

#北京理工
Deb Http://mirrors.bit.edu.cn/debian/wheezy main Non-free contrib
Deb Http://mirrors.bit.edu.cn/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC Http://mirrors.bit.edu.cn/wheezy main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC http://mirrors.bit.edu.cn/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib

#北京理工 (Ipv6)
Deb Http://mirrors.bit6.edu.cn/debian/wheezy main Non-free contrib
Deb Http://mirrors.bit6.edu.cn/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC Http://mirrors.bit6.edu.cn/wheezy main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC http://mirrors.bit6.edu.cn/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib

#清华大学 (Ipv6)
Deb Http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/wheezy main Non-free contrib
Deb Http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC Http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/wheezy main Non-free contrib
DEB-SRC http://mirrors.6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/wheezy-proposed-updates main Non-free contrib

But sometimes 163 of the source will be very slow, only a few kilobytes per second, so we need to update the source, it is recommended to use the software source settings in the new effective software package, let them choose the best server, so that they can replace the contents of the Sources.list file, it is often useful.

3. Install the Chromium browser

1 apt-get update2 apt-get install chromium chromium-l10n   

4. Install Flash

Installing Flashplugins
Download Http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer, select the. tar.gz package.

Tar xvf install_flash_player_11_linux.i386.tar.gz2 cp–rv usr/usr3 mkdir–v/usr/lib/iceweasel/  Plugins4 cp libflashplayer.so/usr/lib/iceweasel/plugins5 cp libflashplayer.so/usr/lib/chromium/ Plugins      

5. Input Method

Bring FCITX how also can not use, on-line Google a lot of methods are useless, so simply purge off FCITX, re-install IBUs

1 apt-get install IBUs2 apt-get install ibus-googlepinyin   

Enable the IBUs IME.

Add Googlepinyin to IBUs.

Then the Fcitx Input method re-configuration, to install the video card driver and then install Input method front end, or it will be wrong, the input method in the Wubi and other in addition to Google Pinyin and other input methods are deleted

Then install the front end: apt-get  installfcitx-ui-classic

Then set the FCITX as the default input method in the input method settings.

or simply reload:

Apt-get Install Ttf-wqy-microhei Ttf-wqy-zenhei #安 Mounting fonts
Apt-get Install FCITX fcitx-pinyin fcitx-module-cloudpinyin fcitx-googlepinyin im-switch #fcitx拼音

After installation use: Im-switch-s FCITX or use the Input method configuration of the graphical interface to set FCITX as the default input method

6. Installing the programming tools

jdk:http://blog.csdn.net/liu_yongyou/article/details/9027381

eclipse:http://www.rockbb.com/blog/?p=349

python:http://blog626.blog.163.com/blog/static/1056107322013871337910/

Codeblocks:http://www.cnblogs.com/maowang1991/p/3361640.html

KDevelop

Apt-get Install build-essential cmake Curl git vim

Apt-get Install KDevelop

Apt-get Install kdevelop-dbg Kdevelop-dev kdevelop-l10n KDEVELOP-PG-QT

VirtualBox

http://www.rockbb.com/blog/?p=359

Https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads

Git:

http://blog.csdn.net/ididcan/article/details/6646069

Http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-06/62794.htm

Vim:

Https://github.com/fisadev/fisa-vim-config

Https://github.com/humiaozuzu/dot-vimrc

Https://github.com/square/maximum-awesome

Recommendation: Https://github.com/spf13/spf13-vim

Zsh:https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh

7. Compression Decompression Command

Refer to this post: http://blog.csdn.net/zad522/article/details/2770446

8. Network and Time configuration

Time can be configured with date: Date-s xx:xx:xx can set the time, Date-s 06/10/13 can set the date, date-s "06/10/1996 13:12:00" can set the date and time, after the setting is finished, the lower right corner of the time will be displayed correctly.

Network configuration Reference this post: http://www.cnblogs.com/BigIdiot/archive/2012/05/21/2511821.html

9.AMD Graphics driver installation Issues

Because my machine is a dual graphics card, only the integrated graphics card can be recognized after the DEBIAN7 is installed, and AMD's HD 7679 graphics card is not recognized, need to install the driver (use the LSPCI under the KDE desktop | grep VGA can recognize AMD graphics card, but still can't run, only recognize, all still need to install drive performance, the following steps are as follows:

First open the http://support.amd.com/here to select the appropriate graphics card model and then download it is a. zip file, extracted to get a. Run file.
Then, under Bash, enter the directory of the. run file and execute the following command: chmod 777 Xxx.run, change its execute permissions.
Then enter the command:./amd-driver.run generally speaking, this step installs the error, there will be a dialog box prompt "one or more tools required cannot is found in the This system", open the log file you will find so Line: Fglrx installation requires that the system has kernel headers the kernel header file is missing.

Execute the following command under bash: sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-$ (uname-r) Module-assistant and then the installation will be completed successfully, The next reboot will see the effect of the catalyst Drive.

If the graphical interface does not start when the Debian upgrade is complete:

First execute dpkg--reconfigure xserver-xorg, found or not into, try to delete/etc/x11/xorg.conf, into the graphics interface card in the splash screen stopped, ctrl alt F1 start Tty1, uninstall ATI graphics card driver CD/ Usr/share/ati run Sh./fglrx-uninstall.sh, then reload the graphics driver.

After the installation is complete, you can use the command: Fglrxinfo to view the video card information, AMD or ATI words to show that the installation driver success, and then use the command: Aticonfig--PXL to see the running graphics mode, Aticonfig-- PX-DGPU switch to discrete graphics, aticonfig--px-igpu switch to discrete graphics.

If it is nvidia driver, uninstall command: Nvidia-installer--uninstall, install similar to ATI graphics driver installation. As for the dual graphics switch or the graphics Test command, because my machine is ATI and Intel dual graphics, so did not do more research, perhaps later in the notebook will study ha =.=

10. Modify Gnome-shell.css

Gedit/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css
The specific modification parameters are as follows:
Status bar Font Size

Stage {    Font-family:cantarell, Sans-serif;    9.5pt;    //change here to 9.5pt feel more appropriate    color:white;}
Popup Menu Transparency

.popup-menu-boxpointer {-arrow-border-radius: 8PX;    /*-arrow-background-color:black;*///this is the original default black, for security reasons, I just dropped the original comment -arrow-background-color:rgba (0, 0, 0, 0.8"); //changed to 0.8 good, not too transparent, otherwise the word will not see-arrow-border-width: 2PX;-arrow-border-color :  #a5a5a5;-arrow-base: 24PX;-arrow-rise: Span class= "number" >11PX;} 
  panel transparent            

 #panel { /*background-color:black;*///Likewise, comment out the original code for Security Background-color:rgba (0, 0, 0.4); //the transparency to 0.4, you can adjust the font-weight:bold according to their preferences; height: 1.86EM; 
  
              

    -panel-corner-radius:5px;    -panel-corner-background-color:black;    2px;    -panel-corner-border-color:transparent;}. Panel-corner:active,.panel-corner:overview,.panel-corner:focus {    -panel-corner-border-color:rgba (255, 255,255,0.  8);}     

To modify the size of an application icon

. icon-grid {

/* Old Settings,edit by Zws 2013.04.09

spacing:36px;

-shell-grid-horizontal-item-size:118px;

-shell-grid-vertical-item-size:118px;

*/

spacing:18px;

-shell-grid-horizontal-item-size:96px;

-shell-grid-vertical-item-size:96px;

}

. Icon-grid. Overview-icon {

/* icon-size:96px;*/

icon-size:64px;

}

Panel popup Menu Size modification

. popup-menu {

min-width:100px;
}

11. Summary of issues that occur after installing the system using the KDE desktop CD image

The first is the Chinese font garbled problem:

Here's how to fix it:

1. Install fonts: Copy the fonts under Windows into the lower/usr/share/fonts/truetype under 2, Debian run:

1 dpkg-reconfigure locales

A) run locale to see if the current language is lang=zh-cn.utf-8 by selecting the Zh-cn and en-US support voice options, clicking OKB) Default language selection zh-cn.utf-8, clicking OKC) Run the commandTo View installed fonts: Fc-list:lang=zh3. Restart the font cache if it is not possible to re-establish:

1 FC-CACHE-FV

then the computer does not voice the problem:

Alsactl Init

There's a sound when you reboot.

Finally, the network connectivity problem:

KDE Desktop has no network manager in the lower right corner, unable to connect to the wireless network, you can refer to the following tutorial installation NetworkManager can be resolved

Https://wiki.debian.org/zh_CN/NetworkManager

There are also questions about LibreOffice and KDE desktop localization:

LibreOffice: Apt-get Install LIBREOFFICE-L10N-ZH-CN

KDE Desktop Localization: Apt-get install KDE-L10N-ZHCN

There are also some configurations for Kali Linux, which are referenced below:

http://xiao106347.blog.163.com/blog/static/215992078201342410347137/

12. About XFCE Desktop configuration issues

Xfce Desktop Some applications do not have a Chinese language pack installed, you can use aptitude search Xxx-l10 to find the Chinese language pack, and then install, for example, install Iceweasel Chinese Language pack: Apt-get install ICEWEASEL-L10N-ZH-CN, install LibreOffice language pack: Apt-get install LIBREOFFICE-L10N-ZH-CN.

Xfce Desktop The lower-right time setting problem: You can use the-s option of the date command to set the time. Referring to the time setting method mentioned earlier, it seems that the Orage calendar option is not very useful anyway, I finally set the time with the date command successfully.

Xfce shortcut key settings: Xfce does not have a lock screen shortcut, no terminal shortcuts, so need to set their own, in the keyboard management options to choose the shortcut key management, you can go to set up, commonly used commands are: Lock screen: Xflock4, browser: Iceweasel, Terminal: xfce4-terminal , run the program: XFRUN4, after the command is added, you can press the shortcut key to set the shortcut key for the corresponding command.

Roughly is so many, hope to be helpful to everybody!

Debian 7 Installation Configuration Summary