Definition and advantages and disadvantages of operating system

I. Purpose and Requirements

1. Purpose of the experiment

(1) Master the definition and concept of the operating system;

(2) Understand the development history of various types of operating systems;

2 . Experimental requirements

Use Web search to learn about various types of computer operating systems and organize them into a single document.

Ii. contents of the experiment

1. Definitions and concepts of computer operating systems

The operating system (Operating system, or OS) is the system software that supports the operating environment of the application and the user operating environment in the electronic computer system, and is also the core and cornerstone of the computer system. Its responsibilities often include direct monitoring of hardware, management of various computing resources (such as memory, processor time, etc.), and the provision of application-oriented services such as job management.

2. Classification of the operating system:

According to the area of application, can be divided into desktop operating system, server operating system, host operating system, embedded operating system, according to the number of supported users can be divided into single-user (MSDOS, OS/2), multi-user system (UNIX, MVS, Windows), according to the open level of the source code can be divided into open Source Operating Systems (Linux, Chrome OS) and non-open-source operating systems (Windows, Mac OS), depending on the hardware structure, can be divided into network operating systems (Netware, Windows NT, Os/2 Warp), Distributed Systems (amoeba), Multimedia systems ( Amiga); Depending on the operating environment and the way the work is handled, it can be divided into batch systems (MVX, DOS/VSE), time-sharing systems (Linux, UNIX, Xenix, Mac OS), Realtime Systems (IEMX, VRTX, Rtos,rt WINDOWS According to the technical complexity of the operating system, it can be divided into simple operating system, intelligent operating system (see intelligent Software).

3. Linux: Pros: 1 Secure-almost no problems such as viruses, spyware, rogue software, etc. 2 Easy to maintain-forget about scanning viruses, defragmenting the disk, cleaning up the registry, and frequent requests for reboots, and so on. 3 Stable-The gnu/linux is very stable. Although individual applications may crash, the crash of the operating system itself is very rare. (In fact, some unofficial packaging procedures are more unstable) 4 software free/Open source-you can use the software at will. If you want, you can even freely learn the program source code, modify the program and any sharing program without being subject to the so-called User License agreement. (Of course under the terms of the GPL or other open Source license agreement) 5 open standards-Gnu/linux and the applications running on them, most of which are compliant with open standards, make it possible to seamlessly compatible with other platforms and help you avoid being subject to some vendor restrictions. 6 Community-Gnu/linux has been described as "World wide team sport", supported by excellent programmers around the globe. 7 Low cost-most gnu/linux distributions are free to download and have plenty of free program support. In addition, most gun/linux have low hardware requirements, which means that you do not need to upgrade your hardware frequently. 8 Legal-people can legally and free access to some high-quality software, which means that we do not need to pirated or use piracy

Cons: 1 Learn from scratch-you'll learn a whole new variety of operating systems, many new programs, and a whole new set of terminology. -and you need to forget the old knowledge that you learned on other operating systems, such as Ms Windows.

2 missing apps and games-you'll lose some well-known apps, typically such as Microsoft Office, Adobe Photoshop, and other popular big mainstream games. Dual-system startup, wine, or virtual opportunities provide a partial solution to this problem. Of course, there are many optional high-quality gnu/linux native software is worth using, the following will introduce the application software under various gnu/linux.

3 Lack of hardware support-the vast majority of hardware is supported, but not all--it is recommended that you study compatibility before purchasing new hardware components-the more new and less distributed components, the greater the risk of the problem.

Windows: Advantages: 1. Graphical interface, convenient operation mode.

2. Colorful Application Resources

Definition and advantages and disadvantages of operating system