Detailed description of various Access Network Solutions

Different access network solutions have different application fields, and different technologies are used at the same time. Various technical solutions have their own advantages and disadvantages. How to choose a suitable solution, users need to think carefully. To build a new broadband community, we have a lot of options, including Ethernet access network, ADSL access network, Cable Modem, and HFC network, and optical fiber access network. How should we choose these access solutions? Different solutions vary in application scenarios. Let's take a look at the features of several access network solutions.

High-speed Ethernet Access Network Solution
In the broadband access technology, Ethernet has become the most widely used local network transmission method. It uses baseband transmission, through twisted pair wires and transmission equipment, 10 M/100 M/1 Gbps network transmission. With the development of Ethernet access technology, the technology has been quite mature, from the original shared 10 Mbps Transmission Technology on the coaxial cable, with the development of twisted pair wires and Mbps or even 1 Gbps transmission and switching technologies on optical fiber, it is certain that the Ethernet technology will continue to develop at a faster speed.

Advantages:
◆ Mature technology, with a huge network base and long-term experience;
◆ It has a wide range of applications and can be compatible with all popular operating systems;
◆ High performance, high scalability, easy installation and activation, and high reliability.
Disadvantages:
◆ For communities that have already been built, re-wiring the network structure is required, which is troublesome. Especially for users in high-end communities, it may be unacceptable.

ADSL Access Network Solution
ADSL is a mature one among many DSL technologies. It is an asymmetric DSL technology. The so-called asymmetric one means that the uplink speed of the user line is different from the downlink speed, and the uplink speed is low, the downlink speed is high. It is a user loop without relay. It uses a telephone line with loads to transmit information at an asymmetric high speed. ADSL was initially designed not for broadband access, but for applications such as high-speed data communication and interactive video. ADSL is connected to the user end using an ADSL modem to transmit data over a telephone line. Data is transmitted at a frequency higher than 40 kHz and is still transmitted at a frequency lower than 40 kHz, therefore, you can connect to the Internet without affecting the telephone usage.

Advantages:
◆ The existing telephone network can be fully utilized to reduce construction and maintenance costs, without affecting telephone services.
Disadvantages:
◆ High requirements on the line quality. When the line quality is not high, it affects the use and is difficult to promote it;
◆ Data transmission rate is slower than other broadband access technologies.

Cable Modem and HPC Network Solution
Cable Modem and HFC are one way to achieve broadband data access for users through Cable TV networks. This solution uses optical fiber cables for separate upstream and downstream signals for independent transmission, after the optical contact, the coaxial cable is transmitted using a common cable with frequency division. The system terminal CM completes the upstream and downstream signal processing of the data signal. As one of the earliest mature and market-oriented Broadband Access Technologies, the product has the characteristics of broadband and relative economy. In a coverage area with around 500 optical nodes, the service can provide 60 analog radio and television channels, at least two telephones per household, and data services with a speed of up to 10 Mbit/s, it can provide various types of analog and digital services with a single network.

Advantages:
◆ Cable modems directly adopt IP technology instead of ATM technology;
◆ No re-wiring is required. Only the original line is transformed to reduce costs;
◆ Device management, billing, security, bandwidth management, and other advantages.
Disadvantages:
◆ Currently, the product's selectivity and maturity cannot be compared with Ethernet technology.

Optical fiber access network solution
The optical fiber access network refers to the optical fiber access network with the transmission media in the access network. The Optical fiber access Network technology can be divided into two categories: AON and Active Optical Networks and PON and Passive OpticaOptical networks ).

Advantages:
◆ High Available bandwidth and great development potential;
◆ Good transmission quality, long transmission distance, strong anti-interference ability, and high network reliability;
◆ High degree of standardization of equipment helps reduce production and operation and maintenance costs.
Disadvantages:
◆ High cost, requiring a large amount of pipeline resources.

Select appropriate solutions based on local conditions
To create a broadband community, you should consider the bandwidth requirements of the basic line system, network application, and network security based on the actual situation. If you are creating a new residential area, you can consider using the Ethernet solution. If the old community users accept the re-wiring, you can also use the Ethernet solution. Otherwise, you should consider the ADSL or HFCs solution. For scenarios with high bandwidth requirements, you can consider the optical fiber access network solution. The Ethernet solution can provide 10 Mbps of bandwidth, while the bandwidth of ADSL is relatively small. If the security requirements are high, Ethernet access technology should not be used, because Ethernet technology is a technology developed for local area networks, and there will be security problems in public access operation networks. In short, it is best to select a reasonable and scientific solution based on different environments and needs.

1. ADSL Access Network is the most suitable access method for Internet cafes
2. Introduction to Integrated Access Network
3. Wireless Broadband Access Technology "random" Application
4. Overview of Optical Fiber Access Network
5. Optical fiber access network learning notes