Details of the tar command for Linux; Linux multiple file compression package to a compressed file

Tar command

Can be used to compress packaged single files, multiple files, a single directory, multiple directories.

Linux Packaging Command _tar

The tar command can be used to compress a packaged single file, multiple files, a single directory, and multiple directories.

Common formats:

Single file compression package tar czvf my.tar.gz file1

Multiple file compression Package tar czvf my.tar.gz file1 file2,... (file*) (can also give file* file mv directory in compression)

Single directory compression package tar CZVF my.tar.gz dir1

Multiple directory compression Package tar czvf my.tar.gz dir1 dir2

Unpacking to current directory: Tar xzvf my.tar.gz

Cpio

Find x* with subdirectories | Cpio-o >/y/z.cpio

does not contain subdirectories ls x* | Cpio-o >/y/z.cpio

Unpacking: Cpio-i </y/z.cpio

[[Email protected] ~]# tar [-cxtzjvfppn] files and directories ....

Parameters:

-C: Create a compressed file parameter directive (the meaning of Create);

-x: Unlock the parameter instructions for a compressed file!

-T: View the files inside the Tarfile!

In particular, in the release of the parameters, c/x/t can only exist one! Cannot exist at the same time!

Because it is not possible to compress and decompress simultaneously.

-Z: Do you have the properties of gzip at the same time? i.e. do I need gzip compression?

-j: Do you have bzip2 properties at the same time? i.e. is it necessary to compress with bzip2?

-V: Files are displayed during compression! This is commonly used, but is not recommended for use in the background execution process!

-F: Use the file name, please note, after F to immediately answer the file name Oh! Don't add any more arguments!

For example, using "TAR-ZCVFP tfile sfile" is the wrong way to write

"TAR-ZCVPF tfile sfile" Just right!

-P: Use original file properties (attributes are not changed according to user)

-P: You can use absolute path to compress!

-N: Newer than next date (YYYY/MM/DD) will be packaged in the new file!

--exclude file: In the process of compression, do not package file!

Example:

Example one: Package all the files in the/etc directory into/tmp/etc.tar

[[email protected] ~]# TAR-CVF/TMP/ETC.TAR/ETC <== package only, do not compress!

[[email protected] ~]# tar-zcvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz/etc <== packaged, compressed with gzip

[[email protected] ~]# tar-jcvf/tmp/etc.tar.bz2/etc <== packaged, bzip2 compressed

# Note that the file name after parameter f is taken by yourself, and we are accustomed to using. Tar as a recognition.

# if the z parameter is added, the. tar.gz or. tgz represent the gzip compressed tar file ~

# If you add the J parameter, use. tar.bz2 as the file name.

# When the above instruction is executed, a warning message is displayed:

# "tar:removing leading '/' from member names" That's a special setting for absolute paths.

Example two: Check out what files are in the above/tmp/etc.tar.gz file?

[Email protected] ~]# tar-ztvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz

# because we use gzip compression, so to check the file in the tar file,

# you have to add Z to this parameter! It's important!

Example three: Extracting the/tmp/etc.tar.gz file under/USR/LOCAL/SRC

[Email protected] ~]# CD/USR/LOCAL/SRC

[Email protected] src]# tar-zxvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz

# in the case of presets, we can unzip the file anywhere! In the case of this example,

# I'm going to transform my working directory under/USR/LOCAL/SRC and untie/tmp/etc.tar.gz,

# then the unpacked catalogue will be in/USR/LOCAL/SRC/ETC! Also, if you enter/USR/LOCAL/SRC/ETC

# you will find that the file attributes in this directory may be different from the/etc/.

Example four: under/tmp, I just want to untie the etc/passwd inside the/tmp/etc.tar.gz.

[Email protected] ~]# cd/tmp

[Email protected] tmp]# tar-zxvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz etc/passwd

# I can check the file name in the Tarfile through TAR-ZTVF, if only one file,

# can be released in this way! Notice that! The root directory within the etc.tar.gz/is taken away!

Example five: Back up all the files in the/etc/and save their permissions!

[Email protected] ~]# tar-zxvpf/tmp/etc.tar.gz/etc

# The properties of this-p are important, especially if you want to keep the properties of the original file!

Example six: In/home, more than 2005/06/01 new files are backed up

[Email protected] ~]# tar-n ' 2005/06/01 '-ZCVF home.tar.gz/home

Example seven: I want to back up/home, etc, but don't/home/dmtsai

[Email protected] ~]# tar--EXCLUDE/HOME/DMTSAI-ZCVF myfile.tar.gz/home/*/etc

Example eight: Unpack the/etc/directly under/TMP without generating files!

[Email protected] ~]# cd/tmp

[Email protected] tmp]# TAR-CVF-etc | TAR-XVF-

# This action is a bit like cp-r/etc/tmp ~ still has its use!

Note that the output file becomes-and the input file becomes-and another | exist ~

# This represents the standard output, the standard input and the pipeline command!

# This part we'll be in Bash shell.

Details of the tar command for Linux; Linux multiple file compression package to a compressed file