Differences between Chinese character Structure Models and Their demarcation principles

The Structure Mode of Chinese characters refers to the combination of Chinese Character structural components in a plane. By studying the structure pattern of Modern Chinese characters, we can fully understand the types of internal relations of Chinese Character structural components. For the analysis of glyphs and correct writing of Chinese characters, it is convenient for literacy teaching and information processing of Chinese characters, are indispensable.
I. Differences in Chinese character Structure
There are many types of modern Chinese character structure patterns, and there are different sayings. Regardless of the name differences and the differences between different classifications, there are four types of single categories, 5, 8, 10, 14, or even 85.
Mr. FU Yonghe believes that there are two types of Chinese character combination structures: plane analysis and analytic hierarchy process. The planar analysis method analyzes the component of a fit word at a time, and then uses a plane block diagram to represent its structure pattern, such as "frost ", the components "Rain", "Wood", and "object" are decomposed at one time. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) divides the words according to the structural hierarchy. For example, "Cream" is a form word, the structure hierarchy is divided into two parts: "Rain" and "phase". The structure model is named as upper-lower structure. Mr. Fu believes that the hierarchical analysis should be adopted for literacy teaching, and in the Chinese character attribute Dictionary (edited by Fu Yonghe) the structure of Chinese characters is divided into a single-body, left-right structure, left-right structure, up-and-down structure, up-and-down structure, full-surrounding structure, three-pregnant structure, three-pregnant structure on the left, three-pregnant structure on the lower, and upper-left pregnant structure, left lower pregnancy structure, right upper pregnancy structure, symmetric structure, special structure 14.
The Chinese character information Dictionary (Shanghai Jiao Tong University Chinese character encoding group and editor-in-chief of Shanghai Chinese pinyin text research group) classifies Chinese character structure patterns into five types: Single-body, up-down, left-side, inclusive, and nested.
Below, I will give an example of the Classification differences between some chinese character structure patterns in the Chinese character attribute dictionary and the Chinese character information dictionary:
Case info dictionary attribute dictionary case info dictionary attribute dictionary
Single-body up/down/up/down
It is also unique.
Second, the upper and lower case are not the only ones
Emblem around special micro left middle right
Step-by-step, single-body, up-and-down, and nested single-body
Full nested upper/lower limit of the parent-only body
Rock-and-rock
From the word examples above, we can not only see the differences in the classification of Chinese character structure patterns, but also it is not difficult to find that each family has different classification standards to a certain extent.
First read the Chinese character information dictionary:
1. The text is classified into different types, such as "Shi" and "Tian;
2. The word and word combination of the same traditional text science are classified into different categories. For example, the word "bing" and "are classified into the exclusive structure, and the" parent "is classified into the upper and lower structures;
3. The Strokes or components of the same separation relationship are classified into different types. For example, "2" is classified into upper and lower structures, while "not" is classified as "only.
Let's look at "Chinese Character attribute Dictionary":
1. They belong to the same separation relationship. "2" is classified into the exclusive structure, and "not" is classified into the left and right structures;
2. the word "Tian" and "shen" are component components in the middle. "Tian" contains a "Ten" and "shen" contains a "Xi", but they are classified as different, for example, "Tian" is classified as "Shan" and "shen" is classified as "Tian;
3. the "emblem" and "micro" are all sound words from the word source, and the "micro" sounds from the micro (remove the double side); the "emblem" sounds from the micro-saving, on the plane, the components (Component combination) with three separation relationships are arranged left and right, but are classified as different. "micro" is classified into the left-right structure, and "emblem" is classified into a special structure.
The existence of the above phenomena reflects the reality that the research on Chinese character structure models needs to be deepened.
Ii. Division Principle of the Chinese character Structure Model
The Division Principle of the structure pattern is the key to correct the Chinese character structure. Many articles about the structure model are not detailed in this aspect, so many people cannot draw inferences from the regular understanding. I will discuss some superficial understandings based on years of teaching and research.
1. Adhere to the modern Chinese Character Font structure analysis principles. The structural model for analyzing Chinese characters cannot follow the concepts of Traditional Chinese text, such as hieroglyphics, fingers, opinions, and sound. Instead, we should focus on the plane components of modern Chinese characters. Because there is a big difference between the modern Chinese Character Font structure model and the ancient Chinese Character Font structure model, it is difficult for primary and secondary school teachers to analyze the modern Chinese character structure from the concept of traditional Chinese Character Learning and combination. If we ignore the modern Chinese Character Font changing reality and start to analyze the structure of modern Chinese characters from the traditional concept of uniqueness and combination, we will inevitably fall into a dilemma that is hard to sustain.
2. Adhere to the principle of segmentation at the first layer in the analytic hierarchy process. A Chinese character is composed of strokes or components, and the combination of components is layered. For example, the "Mouth" belongs to the first, second, and third layers in terms of singing, jumping, and dew, and also belongs to the "Sen". Many people think it is a font structure, the difference between the "Wood" above and the "Wood" Below is ignored. Therefore, the hierarchical analysis is a rough split plane analysis of the separation components. It is a Chinese character structure analysis that uses concepts rather than graphic diagrams. Adhering to the first-level division can avoid the problem that the structure mode is too detailed, which is conducive to literacy teaching in primary schools. According to the above principles, "singing" and "jumping" are classified into the left and right structures, and "Lu" and "Sen" are classified into the upper and lower structures.
3. Adhere to the structural pattern of analyzing Chinese characters based on the combination of strokes and components. The combination of Chinese characters includes strokes and strokes, strokes and parts, and parts. There are three relationships: separation, intersection, and connection. Next we will perform a class-by-class analysis.
(1) Separation relationship
Strokes-strokes: Xiaochuan
Strokes-parts: the old lidan spoon cited Li
Component-component: Ji zhongpeng tomaman (Component)
(Component-non-component)
In the combination of separation, I think that the Chinese character structure mode is the result of the plane analysis of each component of the Chinese character. From the perspective of the plane composition, the strokes of the separation relationship occupy a certain space, should be treated like components.
(2) intersection
Strokes-strokes:
Strokes-parts: Shen Dian's word Yan Wan
Parts-parts: bundle (intersection of wood ports), Bing (intersection of Wo Yi), Yi (intersection of bows)
I believe that the combination of strokes and parts is the intersection, and the plane space occupied by each other is combined, which is inconvenient for identification, especially for primary school students.
(3) connection relationship
Strokes-strokes
Strokes-parts: day (one day), hour (not one day)
Parts-parts: male (Tian Li), tongue (Thousands of ports), Branch (ten again)
The combination of strokes and parts that have a connection relationship is the most difficult to analyze their structural patterns. In order to reduce the difficulty of identification, I think that when a stroke-a stroke is connected to a single body, a stroke-a part is connected to a single body, and a part is connected to a component, A component must have the ability to build words in the same part (the number of words must be greater than one). Otherwise, the component is regarded as a single body, for example, "male", "other" ("force" is connected to the above components below), and the structure is up and down; and "Summer ", because the upper part of the image does not have the ability to create words, it is regarded as a single body.
4. Adhere to the principle of coarse and not fine-grained parts splitting. That is to say, when several components with the ability to build words are separated or connected, and are in the upper, lower, and lower parts of a combination, such parts can be considered as a component combination. For example, the "stand" and "say" above the word "meaning, chapter, and question" are merged into the "sound" component, and the following parts are combined into a combination of upper and lower structures, rather than the upper and lower-level structure, the "Middle" and "Middle" above the words "labor, glory, growth, Ying, and growth" are combined into a component combination and the following components form a left and right structure; the "component" and "stroke" on the left side of the word "repair, repair, and wait" combine a component combination and the right side of the component to form a left and right structure, if the component combination does not have the word building capability of the same part, this example is not used. For example, "device, comment, run, shift, identify, porridge, broken" is regarded as the upper, middle, middle, or left middle and right structure.
The Chinese character structure model is closely related to the primary school literacy teaching. Due to the fact that the division principles are not clear enough and the regularity is not strong, it brings a lot of inconvenience to the teaching. I would like to put a thousand pieces of text in this article to teach the masses.