Differences between X Window, gnome/Kde, and Window Manager

Http://aix.chinaunix.net for AIX user club/

Because aix unix is used and the text interface is unfamiliar, a graphical interface is required. However, the graphic desktop environment of RedHat Linux is different from that of Aix UNIX.

I am also confused with many people about the differences between X Window, window manager and desktop environment.

Http://baike.baidu.com/view/316558.htm

 

X Window is the standard for graphical interfaces in UNIX
GNOME and KDE are desktop environments on X Windows, which are maintained by different companies. About the differences between the two, Baidu.

Quote the words of alan0098....@bbs.fec.edu.tw (within the working radius, putting into prohibition:

X Window System is a set of graphic interface systems with network connectivity,
It is currently a standard pan-Unix graphics system.

X is a client/server architecture. The so-called Client
/Server is different from the client/server in general network concepts,
In the world of X:

X Server: In charge of input (keyboard, mouse...) output (VGA Card, monitor ..)

X client: each X software is called X client, such as xterm, Mozilla...

Window Manager is a special X client (X software) on X Window, which is responsible for controlling some behaviors and actions of windows, such as Windows minimization and maximization.
Switching between Windows foreground (such as ALT + TAB on MS windows)... Etc ..

Well-known Window managers include windowmaker, FVWM, icewm, and sawfish ..

Integrated desktop environment (KDE & gnome): What is an integrated desktop environment? Yes
Use the same GUI toolkit (such as GTK +) to develop some common software.
Such as computers, notebooks... and so on, and there is an integrated panel to put these software
Integration... is the integrated desktop environment. Currently, Kde and gnome are the most
Welcome.

* It is worth noting that gnome can be used with a variety of Window managers. KDE focuses on its own kwm ..
 

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Source IBM http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss? Uid = csc1e9509e3940238a8048256e9f0007c98c

Installation and initial configuration of the CDE Environment

Document #:2811114e25000 Body: [Title] installation and initial configuration of the CDE Environment Abstract: If the operating system's CDE environment (Common Desktop Environment) does not exist or cannot be used properly, we can follow the steps in this document to install and configure the CDE environment. Note: 1. Simple Installation Steps Select the required software package from the first installation disk of the operating system. Run the following command to install the SDK: # Smit -->Software installation and maintenance -->Install and Update Software -->Install and update from all available software Follow the prompts below to enter the corresponding content: Install and update from all available software Type or select values in entry fields. Press enter after making all desired changes. [Entry fields] * Input device/directory for software/dev/cd0 * Software to install [] + --> select the software package required to install the CDE Environment Preview only? (Install operation will not occur) No + Commit software updates? Yes + Save replaced files? No + Automatically install requisite software? Yes + Extend file systems if space needed? Yes + Overwrite same or newer versions? No + Verify install and check file sizes? No + Detailed output? No + Process multiple volumes? Yes + Accept new license agreements? No + Preview new license agreements? No + F1 = help F2 = Refresh F3 = Cancel F4 = List ESC + 5 = reset ESC + 6 = command ESC + 7 = edit ESC + 8 = image ESC + 9 = shell ESC + 0 = exit enter = do After the selection is complete, press enter to start installation, and then press enter again to confirm the installation process starts. The following is a list of the smallest file sets required to run the CDE environment (after installation, you can run the command lslpp-l x11.dt * in the operating system to check whether all the required minimum file sets have been installed.) : X11.dt. ToolTalk -- Support for aix cde ToolTalk (This file contains the executable files and library files required to provide ToolTalk services in the aix cde environment. ) X11.dt. bitmaps -- aix cde bitmap (This file contains the icons, backgrounds, and color palette required in the aix cde environment .) X11.dt. compat -- aix cde compatibility support (This file contains icons, Operation definitions, and executable files deleted from the aix cde environment .) X11.dt. helpinfo -- aix cde Help File (This file contains the complete help file set required by the aix cde help system .) X11.dt. helpmin -- Minimum help file set for AIX CDE (This file contains the smallest help file set required by the aix cde help system .) X11.dt. helprun -- aix cde real-time help (This file contains the executable files, configuration files, and resource files required by the desktop help system .) X11.dt. lib -- aix cde real-time Library (This file contains real-time library files that support desktop applications. Includes library files for desktop services, desktop widgets, and desktop help .) X11.dt. rte -- AIX public desktop environment (This file contains the executable files, configuration files, and resource files required to run and customize the desktop .) 2. Preliminary configuration steps for CDE (1) first, consider the console type used by the system: Graphics console-if the system has a graphics card and a graphical display is connected as the console, the CDE environment can run on the console without further configuration. ASCII character console-if the character terminal is configured as the console, the CDE environment cannot run on the console. Follow these steps to modify the system file to prevent the CDE environment from running on the console: # Cp/usr/dt/config/xservers/etc/DT/config/xservers # Vi/etc/DT/config/xservers (Comment out the lines that start xserver in this file) For example: #: 0 local @ console/usr/LPP/X11/defaults/xserverrc-T-force: 0 (2) Configure to start the CDE environment during system boot, and then start the CDE environment. A. Run the following command on the command line as the root user: #/Usr/dt/bin/dtconfig-e B. Start CDE and run the following command as the root user: #/Etc/rc. dt # Exit C. Check that the CDE environment is running. Run the following command: # Ps-Ef | grep dtlogin 3. Additional information Important permissions: The/dev/null permission is 666. The/dev/lft0 permission is 666 The/dev/tty permission is 666. The/dev/console permission is 622. The/var/tmp permission is 666. The/var/DT/tmp permission is 666. The/etc/hosts permission is 664. /Home/$ user must have the rwx permission on this user

 

Installation and initial settings of CDE (General desktop environment)
Abstract:
CDE Installation Steps
Initial CDE settings
Other configuration information

Note:
CDE Installation Steps
The file set required to install CDE can be found in volume 1 (normally, CD1) of the basic installation media of the AIX operating system.
To install CDE, log on as the root user and enter:
Smitty install_all
Then select:
1. Select the installation device. If your installation media is CD, select/dev/cd0.
2. move the cursor to software to install and press F4.
3. Select the file set to be installed one by one and press F7.
4. Press enter to start installation.
5. Press the Enter key again to confirm the installation of these file sets.

The following are the file sets required to run CDE (you can use lslpp-l x11.dt * to list the CDE file sets installed on your system ):

X11.dt. ToolTalk -- Support for aix cde ToolTalk
This file contains the library files and executable files required to provide ToolTalk support for aix cde.
X11.dt. bitmaps -- aix cde bitmap
This file contains the icons, backgrounds, and other patterns required by the aix cde.
X11.dt. compat -- aix cde compatibility package
This file contains icons, Operation definitions, executable files, and other files. These files have been deleted from the current aix cde package and will not be released in future CDE releases.
. They are provided to facilitate the migration from the old CDE version to the current version.
X11.dt. helpinfo -- aix cde Help File
This file contains a complete aix cde help file.
X11.dt. helpmin -- aix cde minimum Help File
This file contains the minimal aix cde help file.
X11.dt. helprun -- aix cde runtime help
This file contains the executable files, resource files, and configuration files required by the desktop help system.
X11.dt. lib -- Connection Library when aix cde is running
This file contains the runtime connection libraries that support desktop applications, including all the desktop services, desktop applets, and all the connection libraries used by desktop help.
X11.dt. rte -- AIX universal desktop environment
This file contains executable files, library files, and resource files required to run CDE on X Windows.

Initial CDE settings
1. First, consider the system console you are using. If your system is installed with a graphics card and a graphic display, CDE can run directly on this graphic console without additional configuration. If you are using the ASCII character console, CDE cannot run on this console. The following steps prevent the system from attempting to start CDE on this console:
#CP/usr/dt/config/xservers/etc/DT/config/xservers
Edit/Etc/DT/config/xservers, Comment on the line that starts xserver. For example:
#: 0 local @ console/usr/LPP/X11/defaults/xserverrc-T-force: 0

2. How to start CDE
A. Automatically Start CDE when AIX is started. Log on as the root user and run the following command in the command line:
#/Usr/dt/bin/dtconfig-e

B. Start CDE in the command line:
#/Etc/rc. DT; exit

C. Confirm that CDE has been started:
# Ps-Ef | grep dtlogin
If you see that the dtlogin process is running, it indicates that CDE has been started.

Other configuration information
Important files:
/Var/DT/xerrors
$ Home/. dt/errorlog
$ Home/. dt/startlog
/Usr/dt/bin/dtlogin -- the executable file for logging on to the service
/Usr/dt/bin/dtgreet -- display the Welcome Screen
/Usr/dt/bin/dtchooser -- display selection screen
/Usr/dt/bin/xsession -- start the desktop session
/Usr/dt/config/xfailsafe -- start a security session
/Usr/dt/config/xconfig -- log on to the service configuration file
/Usr/dt/config/xservers -- log on to the service description file
/Usr/dt/config/xaccess -- log on to the service access control file
/Usr/dt/config/Language/Xresources -- display resources on the screen
/Usr/dt/config/xsetup -- display the setting file
/Usr/dt/config/xstartup -- pre-session Startup File
/Usr/dt/config/xreset -- post-session reset File
/Var/DT/xpid -- logon process Number of the service
/Var/DT/xerrors -- log on to the service error log

Important file permissions:
Permissions On/dev/null (666)
Permissions On/dev/lft0 (666)
Permissions On/dev/tty (666)
Permissions On/dev/console (622)
Permissions of/usr/dt/bin files
Permissions On/var/tmp (666)
Permissions On/var/DT/tmp (666)
Permissions on/etc/host S (664)
Permissions On/home/$ user must have rwxPermission