Enterprise survival code for system O & M Administrators

Author: Yu hongchun (fuqin liquor cooking), yipai System Architect, Senior Project management engineer, Chinaunix.net cluster and high-availability version moderator, author of "building high-availability Linux servers.

The company has been in the business for almost ten years. During this period, I tried various jobs in various industries and felt that it was really difficult to make a living out of the company, especially as a system administrator of the company, I want to help you with your work.

1. Good interpersonal relationships are more important than anything else. As the saying goes: Be a person first and then do things. Good interpersonal relationships are one of the key conditions for your success and one of the basic conditions for pleasure in work. Never think of technology as the first, in fact, the technology ranks first in terms of success. In fact, in the personnel architecture of the company, technical posts are often placed in the middle and lower positions, so I think it is not enough to deal with only technical colleagues in the Department; you should have more contact with colleagues from other departments, such as the Administration Department and Personnel Department, to learn more about the company's corporate culture, internal regulations, and personnel architecture, this is also helpful for your own growth. When fuqin used to work in the company for three months, he often did not know what the Chairman and General Manager of his company looked like, where should we leave an empty-eyed impression in our hearts, which will affect our career. Try to help people who can help without affecting the company's internal regulations, chat with colleagues in other departments, and communicate with each other. In this way, even if you are in a new company, it can also be quickly integrated and quickly enter its own role.

2. correctly handle the relationship with colleagues in the Department. Old saying: do not be friends with colleagues. Unfortunately, this statement does not apply to system administrators. If you are a large company, such as a branch of more than 500, some of the IT departments are development departments, system groups, and network groups (including network security). Many jobs require collaboration, it's not just about one person. So at this time, you need to spend a lot of time communicating with your colleagues, such as PHP developers or network engineers, to let them understand or understand your needs. In particular, some deployment of development environments, because the final test user is your Devoleper colleague. For example, when I was running system management in a company, our testing environment was Nginx + FastCGI, while PHP was using Zend Framwork, their requirement for nginx is to have a unified entry, which requires related regular expressions to be written in nginx. I personally think that if my colleagues can talk about it in private, it may also serve as a friend; if there is a conflict of interests at work, you can coordinate your work in a tone of discussion. Two things should not be avoided: First, do not press people by technology. This is boring and I never do it. Second, do not bully new technical personnel as old employees. This is not recommended anymore, this only shows your ignorance. The work of system management is actually building blocks. It is basically no difficulty if you are willing to spend time. Network and network security (mainly the responsibility of the company's network engineers), I have to communicate with them more, for example, to map a server on the Intranet as DMZ, if a new website is to be launched, it should also work with colleagues in charge of network security to see which security vulnerabilities exist, or the security of the firewall and the maximum load on the server. My practice is generally: I can also learn outside of the system at ordinary times, and then I can chat with my colleagues about other technologies, such as mobile phones, games, or other things. If the weekend is convenient, join a gathering of companies or colleagues as much as possible. Do not be a cold man. A smiling face is more important than anything else. In terms of the relationship between colleagues in the Department, my practice is: to be a colleague, to be a colleague, to be a friend, and to be a friend as much as possible. After all, there is more than one friend. So, in the past, my colleagues in the company could only talk about it. I basically kept in touch. They usually get together with them for meals at ordinary times or weekends, and they take turns to talk about the day, which reduces the pressure, what are some interesting things about the other company? The next paragraph describes this scene. I wonder if you can understand my mood and artistic conception.

[About drinking and dinner]
Dinner with colleagues on weekends.
We chose the usual "Three-gu moulu" place where we always eat together, ordered six dishes, and even four people, I was doing East. Because my colleagues invited me for the first few times, in this round, we will implement the round robin system. Because we are not greedy at ordinary times, we ordered "Snowflake refreshing" beer. In addition to tea, we all have casual drinks. This is also my favorite drinking method. Although the name of fuqin Liquor contains a word, the amount of liquor is very small .. The three colleagues who participated in the dinner board were all friends who had a great chat at work. They communicated with each other when they encountered problems at work. They were very familiar with each other. They could say they had nothing to say, so I enjoy this process. As the saying goes: the meal is still the meal, but the person may not be the one. Therefore, eating and drinking are also in the mood.

3. Be comfortable with the leaders. Two principles: 1. In terms of principles, the management of superiors should be followed; 2. Do not report excessive levels, whether it is State-owned or foreign companies, these two experiences are presented to the angry young people who have just gone to work. If they do not, read the three articles in "Du Lala's title escalation" carefully. Many of the stories are true, in the short term, you may win a local victory, but in the long term, you are the biggest loser, because no leader will like a lower-level report, even if your capabilities are higher. The first job of fuqin liquor cooking is to conduct enterprise network management in a large state-owned enterprise. It is mainly responsible for windows2K servers and DB databases, at that time, I thought that I was a technical Leader (the technology in the company is indeed the first). In addition, I quickly mentioned the Leader of the IT department. IT was a bit float, and I did not respect IT in front of the leaders, as a result, I quickly discovered that my career was not smooth, and I had to be a Leader. If I understood the truth at the time, I guess that I would keep moving towards the goal of technology + management, and there is no need for pre-sales and implementation engineers. I was confused at the time: why have many incompetent people become managers, and I am still a Leader? In fact, the relationship with leadership was not properly handled at that time, probably because it was too young and extroverted. This painful experience tells us that we hope everyone can take the lessons, especially those who want to do management should pay more attention to this. Sometimes, your superiors may not be as good as you are, or you may not understand the system. At this time, you must be able to explain to him, why can't you do this, what kind of consequences will this result in? Do not fight negatively, especially in the case of positive conflicts. In fact, we will understand this situation when we reach a certain age level. However, I think it is good to understand it in advance, so we can take a lot of detours, at least Du Lala understands this.

4. It is also important to clarify your development positioning. As a System administrator, that is, System Admin, do you need to understand your development orientation, whether it is to do technology + technology, technology + management, or do technology + sales? This determines your investment and energy in the relevant direction. Everyone in technology + management should understand how technology + technology is positioned? Many companies should have such positions as senior development engineers. Their salaries are the same as those of managers, but they do not have to worry about personnel management. Large Companies, there is also a senior system administrator. My position in Beijing is similar to this. The system director does not belong to this position. It belongs to system + management. It is easier to understand technology + sales, that is to say, pre-sales engineers and after-sales engineers have a low technical level compared with System Management (System Integration), especially pre-sales. This is one of my favorite positions, if you are a guy who has worked in project implementation, you can consider the benefits, especially before the sales of large companies. In a certain procedure and time range, you can solve a lot of difficulties in your life, as we all know, technicians are poor. Each system administrator should clearly define his own development orientation, be targeted, and rationally allocate his own energy and time. In addition, here is an external question. English is very important to system administrators, because many new products and new technologies are basically introduced from abroad, english is one of the essential basic skills. Foreign companies do not need to talk about it. We report to foreign leaders that their official documents must be English. The other thing that people who engage in technology can easily ignore is eloquence. In fact, this is also very important; especially before sales, it is impossible for you to directly ask the customer to read the product solution of your company when selling it to your customer, or directly tell them that this is good. This is really good. Not to mention anything else. During the interview, one of the key points of success is to explain the interview to your person. This also requires you to exercise carefully during normal periods. If you only want to do technical work, pay attention to this. However, I think a technician has a good eloquence, and his development direction can be varied. At least you can also serve as a lecturer, let more people learn your experiences and skills at work. You also don't want you to be a technical person. If you don't need to drop beans in the bamboo, It's just a cup.

5. the system administrator must clarify the enterprise positioning. One of the reasons why bosses are more and more fond of Linux/unix is not necessarily how efficient Linux/unix is as you think. As far as I know, it is because Linux/unix is free of charge, in addition, many of the following software are free and open-source, including powerful ones, such as Apache, LVS, Nginx, Squid and bind, and an iptables company I work, at least 50% of them use iptables as the NAT router, and the effect is good. As a system administrator, It is not how powerful you are, But how productive you are to turn technology into. Therefore, do not think that if your company is missing, we must work and live with a calm attitude. The big cows I know now are basically modest and common. This is also worth learning. You should pay attention to learning at ordinary times. After all, new technologies are endless and capabilities are not inherent. This requires training the day after tomorrow. You can also publish your work or learning experience through blogs or other forms, or take the lead in mastering a new technology and promoting it to the society. Sharing is an art. While sharing, it will certainly be accompanied by an improvement in understanding, application, summarization, improvement, expression, and even promotion, this is of great significance to the improvement of personal technology and the establishment of social influence. At present, I am also one of the goals and directions of the effort.

6. Be sure to work efficiently and simply. In fact, as a system administrator, a lot of work is repetitive, especially some maintenance and backup work. At this time, you can write a shell script and add it to the crontab scheduled task, instead of performing these operations in a certain period of time. The batch processing in windows is also quite good, and many icon operations can also be simplified. After you straighten out your work, you will find that your work is so simple. You can use your time for other aspects of learning, such as database and program development, which is one of the reasons why I have always emphasized the importance of scripts and set up a special question for this. As a good and lazy system administrator, I fully agree with this idea. A good administrator is definitely a lazy guy, if you need to work overtime every day, you may wish to reflect on it.

7. The system administrator should understand his role in the company. As a system administrator, the company's Exchange email server is generally responsible for duties. Of course, there are a lot of confidential files. At this time, you must be responsible for confidentiality. You should pay attention to what you should not say and what you should not do, especially when it comes to salary-related sensitive topics, in the company, it is highly taboo to disclose and explore the company's salary. In addition, disclosing the company's information and sensitive information at will, and taking private work during work hours, these things should not be done as far as possible. They are all taboo things; another headache is that every company, regardless of size, will have some political struggles. What should we do at this time? In my general practice, I will never join forces, try to be neutral, and do things with my own conscience. If not, consider leaving. After all, being a person is a lifetime, and doing things is a moment. The next time you work, remember to look for a work environment that is relatively simple. It is a good thing to meet these things once, and at least you will not be stunned next time. I try my best to do the following in my company: keep confidential and stay neutral. In general, the political struggle will not affect the system administrator. After all, the company's websites or development servers must be maintained by a dedicated person, it is always impossible for people to do things to do anything.

8. Other aspects are physically related. Sometimes, the migration of servers is heavy. The 1U and 2U servers are good to say that the 4U servers are heavy. My former colleagues also work on the system, more than 90 KG, when he came, we were all very happy. At least half of the migrant workers came. fuqin's cooking wine grew thin and one individual was barely able to cope with 1U servers. The other is the night shift duty, which is a headache. I usually pay attention to taking a rest during the day. During the evening shift, I will activate the Mobile Phone Mail, and adjust the volume to the maximum. I will be able to sleep for a while in the middle of the night. It doesn't matter if other websites crash. If they are e-commerce and advertising, it will be money. Therefore, the system administrator should also pay attention to exercise. at ordinary times, he can run a fitness card to exercise at weekends. If he can walk normally, he should not take a taxi. In addition, pay attention to the pressure in our hearts, because our average troubleshooting time cannot exceed 5 minutes, so the pressure at work is still very high, and it may take a while! Therefore, I usually like to tell jokes and chat with MM. Sometimes I boast myself, praise myself, and keep myself feeling good (that is, it is necessary to brag ). I also went to the nursing home for health care over the weekend, because sometimes I sat too much and some minor problems such as cervical spine. The body is the capital of the revolution. If your work directly affects your health, I suggest you change your job. There is no reason or reason, and it is more important than health. Using MSN signatures is a popular saying that apart from being healthy, Shenma is full of clouds!

I have said so much about it. I have had some experience and experience as a system administrator for so many years. I hope to provide some help to those who want to develop towards system integration, and to those who are currently working as system administrators. Finally, I wish you a pleasant job, I hope you can share your communication technology with us in an open mind, embrace open source, and love your life!

This article from the "fuqin liquor" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://andrewyu.blog.51cto.com/1604432/455347