Essence of Linux99 [recommended] (ii)

Essence of Linux99 [recommended] (ii)

55. What is KDE and what are its characteristics?

The KDE Project was launched in October 1996 to create a complete and easy-to-use desktop environment on X-Window. KDE now has KFM (similar to IE4.0), KPresenter (similar to PowerPoint), KIllustrator (similar to CorelDraw or Illustrator) and other heavyweight software, there are also considerate user GUI configuration software that can help users configure Unix/Linux, so that they are very popular.

However, because KDE is based on the Qt library developed by TrollTech, it has also been criticized. Although Qt itself is an excellent cross-platform development tool based on C ++, it is a pity that it is not a free software. Qt's License allows anyone to use Qt to write free software and copy it to other users for free. However, if you use Qt to write non-free software, you need to purchase their License. More importantly, no one can modify the Qt source code at will. If TrollTech changes its Qt License, the company goes bankrupt, or makes acquisitions, it will make KDE useless.

56. What is GNOME and what are its characteristics?

In August 1997, 250 programmers headed by Miguel de Icaza in Mexico started a new project to overcome the difficulties encountered by KDE In the QT License Agreement and single C ++ dependency, this is GNOME.

After 14 months of joint efforts, the project was finally completed. Now GNOME has received support from Red Hat, the largest distributor in the Linux market. It has a large number of applications, including the Go, Gnumeric, and GNOMEcal, similar to PhotoShop, Gimp is a graphic image processing software.

Now GNOME and KDE have become two major competitors, making Linux easier to use.

57. How to play a CD in Linux?

After you successfully drive your sound card in Linux, you can use a CD player in X-window to play the CD, which is used in multimedia tools.

58. Can I play VCD in Linux?

You can use the VCD Player of MpegTV Player 1.0 in Linux to achieve your wish.

You only need to run X Window to install MpegTVPlayer without special hardware devices.

It imitates the playback control key of the video recorder, for example: playback, fast forward, fast return, stop, search, volume adjustment, static sound, Volume balancing, loop playback, screen zoom in and out, automatic playback, etc. The playback process displays the time and time used for the entire program.

You can download MpegTV Play: http://www.mpegtv.com at the following site.

59. Is there any MP3 playing tool in Linux?

There are many MP3 playing tools in Linux, among which mpg123 should be the most classic and can be used on the console. Many graphic mp3 playback software use this program to play mp3 videos. Below are some of its basic parameters:

-A device is used to set the sound device to/dev/audio or/dev/dsp.
-@ File: reads the list of mp3 file names to be played from the file.
-Z: Random playback

If you want to simply play one or two songs or play a song in the entire directory, using mpg123 is a good choice, for complex functions such as selecting a specific mp3 file in multiple directories, you may need to write a script for execution.

60. How can I browse webpages in Linux?

To browse a webpage, you must meet the following two conditions:

1) Your computer is connected to the Internet;

2) use browser software for browsing. There are two common browsers in Linux:
You can use lynx in the console;
Linux version of netscape can be used in X-window;

They are used in a similar way as browsers in Windows.

61. How to send and receive E-Mail in Linux

In Linux, you can use mail and pine to send and receive E-Mail under the console command line. In X-window, you can use Kmail to receive E-Mail.

62. Can I display Chinese Characters in Linux?

In the English version of Linux, you can install the Chinese analog terminal chdrv to enable Linux to display and Chinese characters in the command line status. After chdrv is started, a virtual terminal is created in tty7 (Ctrl + Alt + F7). After logging on to tty7, you can use the Chinese support provided by the virtual terminal.

To begin:

Tar xvzf chdrvbin-0.23.gb.tar.gz
Music chdrvfont.tar.gz chdrv-0.23.gb/
Cd chdrv-0.23.gb into this directory
./Installbin run the Installation File

 

63. Is there any Chinese Input Method in Linux?

If you are using the Chinese version of Linux, you do not need to install it. If you use the English version of Linux, you can install chinput to implement Chinese input. You can download to the following url: http://www.turbolinux.com.cn /~ Justiny/download/chinput-2.1.tar.gz

1) After the download, unbind the file: tar-xvzf chinput-2.1.tar.gz
2) After unlocking, enter the Chinput-2.1/src, modify the chinput. c file, find the words GBK, change it to GB2312. Find the system ("/usr/bin/zwincontrol &"); Statement and cancel it (add // before it //);
3) after modification, execute the make command to compile;
4) after compilation, you can use it in the X-Window environment.

64. Is there any text editing software besides VI?

Vi is the most common editing software in UNIX/Linux environments, but it is not very friendly. If you are not satisfied with it, try other editing tools such as emacs and joe.

I strongly recommend emacs, a masterpiece of stallman, the father of FSF, and the first blockbuster of the GNU project. It is indeed very good and worth a try. But the biggest drawback is that it is too complicated.

65. Is there any software like office in Linux?

Yes, StarOffice is an Office software package based on Linux. It is a commercial software package, including software included in MS Office software such as word processing, workbooks, and slide making. A free version is provided for individual users. Users can download from the following sites: http://studio.linux.org.cn.

StarOffice Office Suite for Linux is prepared for non-commercial users. Commercial users need a license to use StarOffice. Ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/staroffice

66. Is there any software like photoshop in Linux?

Yes, there is a very famous graphic processing software-GIMP in Linux. Its interface is more concise than Photoshop, and there is only one toolbar at startup, which looks similar to Photoshop. the main menu is displayed only when you right-click an opened image, such as Channels, layers, brushes ...... the appearance is similar to that of Photoshop, so you don't need to take the time to adapt .....

This is not a feature. there are many advantages over Photoshop: for example, the image format is extremely large, Texture Brush is supported, and the shading pattern is flushed out like Painter. there are more filters. For example, there is a kind of algorithm called Alien Map that performs sin and cos operations on RGB to achieve special effects. the Undo function is also good. I tried it and supported at least five undo operations. what's even more exciting is the support for Web, which allows you to easily create custom arrows, buttons, and background patterns, which are more powerful than Photoimpact.

If you can't leave PHOTOSHOP, you can't afford the ADOBE treasurer's account, and you think that you don't need the dashboard for art players, try GIMP!

67. Can I play games in Linux?

Now we have a game For Linux, in addition to the well-known Doom, we also use acm-air combat simulation games, xdemineur-mining mines, xjewel-Tetris, xboard-chess, and xboing-pinball games. And now more and more, add a bit of fun for you in the boring learning.

68. Is there a C language in Linux? What about other languages?

GCC, a blockbuster created by FSF, a free software fund in Linux, is a powerful compiler and is currently the most efficient C/C ++ compiler in the world, it has been widely used in various UNIX environments. Although there is no integrated development environment for C language, it does not affect the popularity of GCC. This may be the power of freedom!

In Linux, it also supports Fortran, Pascal, Perl, Cobol, and other languages.

69. What database software does Linux have?

There are many types of database software available in Linux, including Oracle for Linux, IBM DB2 for Linux, Mysql, mSql, and Post.

5. Do a good job as a Linux administrator: 21

70. How can I check Linux hard disk usage?

In Linux, you can use the df command to view the hard disk usage. The following is an input example of a df-T-h (-T parameter: displays the file system type, and the-h Parameter displays information in a readable way) command:

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use % Mountedon
/Dev/hda1 ext2 7.5G 4.7G 2.5G 65%/
/Dev/hda2 ext2 653 M 6.6 M 613 M 1%/root
/Dev/hdb1 ext2 7.5G 3.5G 3.7G 49%/usr

 

71. What compression tools are available in Linux?

There are many compression tools in Linux, commonly used:

1) gzip/gunzip: this is a free software developed by GNU and widely used. The compressed file extension is ". gz ". The usage is simple, for example:

Gunzip eos.gz
Gzip/home/test/*. txt;

 

2) compress/uncompress: This is a pair of historical compression programs. After a file is compressed, the compressed file extension is ". Z ".

3) In addition, there are zip/unzip, bzip2/bunzip2, and so on.

72. How to manage processes?

A process is an execution of a program. You can use "ps-auxw" to list the details of the processes currently being executed, including the ID of each process. You can terminate a process by using the "kill process ID.

73. What does object or directory permission mean?

The file or directory permission bit consists of 10 digits, such as-rwxr-xr-x.
1) first represents the file/directory type: d represents the directory,-represents the file, and l represents the link;
2) the remaining 9 characters are divided into three groups, each with three characters. The 2-4 characters describe the permissions of the file owner. The 5-7 characters describe the permissions of the same user group as the file owner, 8-10 digits are the permissions of other users.
3) rwx: The three digits in each group are: Read Permission, write permission, and execution permission. If yes, the group does not have this permission.

-Rwxr-xr-x indicates that