Explain how to install Oracle RAC in Linux

Here we will introduce the installation of Oracle RAC in Linux. Oracle Real Application Server, Real Application cluster, Oracle RAC for short, is an Oracle Parallel cluster, oracle instances in Different server systems access the same Oracle database at the same time, and nodes communicate with each other over a private network. All control files, online logs, and data files are stored on shared devices, it can be read and written by all nodes in the cluster at the same time.

System Configuration

1. Create users and group oinstall dba users

 
 

  
  
oracle  -g oinstall -G dba 
 
 

Anonymous user: confirm that the anonymous user nobody exists in the system. After the installation is complete, the nobody user must execute some extension tasks extjob.) check whether the nobody user exists:

 
 

  
  
#id nobody 
 
 

If the user does not exist, add the user.

Note: Set the password for oracle users.

2. Configure the network

IP address planning by modifying/etc/sysconf/network-script/ifcfg-ethx

Configure Permanent modification of the Host Name of the static IP address of the NIC:/etc/network

Local DNS configuration:/etc/hosts

Configure the/etc/host. conf file to specify the order of domain name resolution methods:

 
 

  
  
order  hosts,bind 
 
 

It indicates that it is first parsed through the/etc/hosts file. If there is no correspondence between the host name and the IP address in the file, it is then parsed through the Domain Name Server bind.

3. Configure the Secure SSH channel. For ORACLE users, create rsa and dsa keys on each node.

 
 

  
  
rac1#su - oracle  
  
  
rac1#mkdir .ssh  
  
  
rac1#chmod 700 .ssh  
  
  
rac1#cd .ssh   
 
 

Rac1 # create an ssh-keygen-t rsa key pair.

Perform the same operation on another host.

 
 

  
  
Rac2 # su-oracle
  
  
Rac2 # mkdir. ssh
  
  
Rac2 # chmod 700. ssh
  
  
Rac2 # cd. ssh
  
  
Rac2 # create an ssh-keygen-t rsa key pair.
 
 

Rac1 # ssh rac1 cat/home/oracle /. ssh/id_rsa.pub> authorized_keys directs the master key of Node 1 to a file. Because no key pair exists, a password is prompted. Just enter the password.

 
 

  
  
Rac1 # ssh rac2 cat/home/oracle/. ssh/id_rsa.pub> authorized_keys directs the master key of Node 2 to a file
  
  
Rac1 # cat authorized_keys view the contents of the common keys of Node 1 and node 2, and copy them to node 2.
  
  
Rac1 # scp authorized_keys rac2:/home/oracle/. ssh/enter the password of Node 2
 
 

Change the permission

 
 

  
  
rac1#chmod 600 authorized-keys 
 
 

The same is true for the DSA key settings.

 
 

  
  
Rac1 # remote execution of the date command using ssh rac1 date to test the common key connection. You do not need to enter a password.
  
  
Rac1 # remote execution of the date command using ssh rac2 date to test the common key connection. You do not need to enter a password.
 
 

In this case, the security channel is successfully configured.

4. Check Required Software

# Rpm-qa | software package required by grep

5. Configure Kernel Parameters 

 
 

  
  
vi /etc/sysctl.conf  
  
  
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128  
  
  
kernel.shmmni=4096 
  
  
kernel.shmall=2097152 
  
  
kernel.shmmax=2147483648 
  
  
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=1024 65000  
  
  
net.core.rmem_default=1048576 
  
  
net.core.rmem_max=1048576 
  
  
net.core.wmem_default=262144 
  
  
net.core.wmem_max=262144 
 
 

Then run: # sysctl-p

6. Set shell restrictions on oracle users

Vi/etc/security/limits. conf perform the same operation on each node: edit/etc/security/limits. conf and add the following content:

 
 

  
  
oracle    soft  nproc    2047  
  
  
oracle    hard  nproc    16384  
  
  
oracle    soft  nofile   1024  
  
  
oracle    hard  nofilw   65536 
 
 

Edit/etc/pam. d/login and add the following content: session required/lib/security/pam_limits.so

Edit/etc/profile and add the following content:

 
 

  
  
if[$USER="ORACLE"]; THEN  
  
  
      if[$SHELL="/bin/ksh"];then  
  
  
            ulimit -p 16384  
  
  
            ulimit -n 65536  
  
  
      else  
  
  
            ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536  
  
  
     fi  
  
  
fi 
 
 

Disk configuration

Install CRS

Install true RAC

Storage Options:

Project	Storage System	Storage location
Clusterware	Local (EXT3) or NFS	Local or NFS
Voting disk	OCFS2 Raw device NFS	Shared disk NFS
OCR	OCFS2 Raw device NFS	Shared disk NFS
Database Software	OCFS2 local NFS	Local or shared disk NFS
Database	OCFS2 ASM Raw device NFS	Shared disk NFS
Restore Files	OCFS2 ASM NFS	Shared disk NFS

Storage Mechanism

	Clusterware	Database	Restore Files
ASM	No	Yes	Yes
OCFS2	Yes	Yes	Yes
Raw Device	Yes	Yes	No
NFS	Yes	Yes	Yes

OCFS2 install this software download 3 software packages on both sides to install OCFS2-2.6.9-22.ELsmp-1.2.3-1.i686.rpm this file corresponds to the uname-a system version ocfs2console-1.2.1-1.i386.rpm ocfs2-tools-1.2.1-1.i386.rpm

Installation sequence: tools ---- kernel module ----- console

Disk Processing

 
 

  
  
# Fdisk-l view disk partitions
  
  
# Fdisk/dev/sdb create a partition
  
  
# Export DISPLAY = IP address of the Local Machine
  
  
# Ocfs2console open the ocfs2 console for ocfs2 Configuration
 
 

Start formatting the partition under the menu Task.

Preparations before Oracle Installation

 
 

  
  
# Mkdir-p/orac/mongohome
  
  
# Mkdir-p/orac/oradata
  
  
# Mount-t ocfs2/dev/sdb1/orac/orahome
  
  
# Df-h view mounting status
  
  
# Mount-t ocfs2-o datavolume, nointr/dev/sdb2 orac/oradata
  
  
# Df-h
  
  
# Mounted. ocfs2-f check the loading status of the ocfs2 File System
 
 

Another node, rac2

 
 

  
  
#/Etc/init. d/o2cd load this module
  
  
#/Etc/init. d/o2cd status view the status of the loaded Module
 
 

The status of Node 2 ocfs2 is offline.

 
 

  
  
#/Etc/init. d/o2cd online to make it online
  
  
#/Etc/init. d/o2cd status view the status of the loaded Module
  
  
# Mount-t ocfs2/dev/sdb1/orac/orahome
  
  
# Df-h
  
  
# Mounted. ocfs2-f
  
  
# Mount-t ocfs2-o datavolume, nointr/dev/sdb2/orac/oradata
  
  
# Mounted. ocfs2-f
 
 

When the system starts, it automatically loads the ocfs2 file system and starts the corresponding module-both nodes must be configured

 
 

  
  
#/Etc/init. d/o2cd configure automatically loads ocfs2 modules at startup
  
  
# Vi/etc/fstab is automatically mounted to the file system
  
  
/Dev/sdb1/orac/orahome ocfs2 _ netdev 0 0
  
  
/Dev/sdb2/orac/oradata ocfs2 _ netdev, datavolume, nointr 0 0
 
 

Install the cluster clusterware folder crs when installing the clusterware oradata database, use orahome to install the oracle database software

Modify the primary users of these folders

 
 

  
  
#cd /orac  
  
  
#chown root.oinstall crs  
  
  
#chown oracle.oinstall orahome  
  
  
#chown oracle.oinstall oradata  
  
  
#chmod -R 775 ors  
  
  
#chmod -R 775 orahome  
  
  
#chmod -R 775 oradata  
  
  
#ls -l 
 
 

Modify the node.

Copy the cluster clusterware Installation Software

 
 

  
  
# Su-oracle
  
  
# Export DISPLAY = Local ip: 0.0
  
  
#./RunInstaller
 
 

Install database software select the installation Type Enterprise Edition

Create a database: # dbca

Test Database: Modify the connection file of the Client: NETWORK/ADMIN/tnsnames. ora in the installation path of the Client

 
 

  
  
ORATEST tns service name =
  
  
(DESCRIPTION =
  
  
(ADDRESS_LIST =
  
  
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = 192.168.116.121 node 1IP) (PORT = 1521 ))
  
  
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = 192.168.116.129 node 2IP) (PORT = 1521 ))
  
  
)
  
  
(CONNECT_DATA =
  
  
(SERVICE_NAME = oratest.sinobest.com global database name)
  
  
)
  
  
)
  
  
 
  
  
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  
  
(DESCRIPTION =
  
  
(ADDRESS_LIST =
  
  
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC) (KEY = EXTPROC0 ))
  
  
)
  
  
(CONNECT_DATA =
  
  
(SID = PLSExtProc)
  
  
(PRESENTATION = RO)
  
  
)
  
  
)
 
 

Test the SQLPLUS client: Open the command line in windows or directly open Oracle SQL * Plus

 
 

  
  
> Sqlplus/nolog
  
  
 
  
  
SQL> conn sys/123456 @ tnsname as sysdba
  
  
SQL> select * from V $ instance; view the current instance
  
  
SQL> set wrap off; set the Display Mode
  
  
SQL> set linesize 200;
  
  
SQL> select * from V $ instance; view the current instance
  
  
SQL> select * from gv $ instance; view the global instance View