Fedora 7 installation and Configuration Guide (including installation, yum settings, font beautification, NVIDIA driver problems, Beryl, etc)

From: http://www.linuxsir.org/bbs/showthread.php? T = 304520

This article is mainly a summative work, many of which are taken from the Internet. In order to make it easier for you to summarize the cost documents with a lot of scattered information and your own experience. This article is intended for cainiao. If you are a master, you can skip or criticize and advise. Please indicate the source for reprinting. Thank you.
See my blog: http://ncforest.blog.163.com/blog/st...0075212624473/

1. installation (including boot from grub, DOS, windows, and Vista)
The installation of the CD will not be mentioned, but the hard disk installation.
Download the DVD ora 7 DVD, install it on the hard disk, and decompress the vmlinuz and initrd. IMG files under the isolinux directory. Put the ISO and these two files in the root directory of a partition (NTFs cannot be used ).
(1) If your system is guided by grub
After the restart, Press ESC to the text mode (gfxboot only requires one step) during GRUB boot, and then press C to enter the command line mode. Input:
> Find/vmlinuz
(Hd0, 6)
> Root (hd0, 6)
> Kernel/vmlinuz
> Initrd/initrd. img
> Boot
To install the SDK, you are advised to select manual partitions for the partitions during installation, and select the current configuration when installing the software so that you can choose between the software packages. We recommend that you select the basic development tools (including GCC ), it is easy to install software from source code in the future.
Wait until the installation is complete, and the hard disk installation will be fast, and the installation of the CD will be much slower.
If grub is not available, you can download grub 4 dos for installation.
(2) DoS
If you do not have a Windows OS, use the DOS boot disk to enter the dos and go to the grub4dos directory. Run grub in the same way as the above steps.
(3) Windows
If you are using Windows, download grub 4 dos, decompress it, copy the grldr file to C:/, edit C:/boot. ini, and add the following sentence at the end:
C:/grldr = "Grub 4 dos"
After the restart, select this option as shown in the preceding step.
(4) Vista (Please use a friend of vista for verification)
Add the grub 4 dos boot item to the Vista boot menu (from the carefree forum and the Space-Time Forum grub4dos ):
First download the grldr.mbr.zip file in the attachment, decompress it, and put it in the root directory of drive C (which can actually be any partition). Then:
Run the following batch processing. After restarting, you can see that grub 4 DOS is added to the menu. The subsequent installation steps are the same as the previous steps.
I mainly refer to these two posts:
Http://bbs.wwwfox.net/viewthread.php...extra=page%3D2
Http://www.znpc.net/bbs/viewthread.p...extra=page%3D1
@ Echo off
Rem by Lianjiang
CLS
Echo.
Run ECHO as an administrator.
Echo.
Pause
Set gname = grub 4 DoS
Set vid =
Set timeout = 5
Bcdedit> bcdtemp.txt
Type bcdtemp.txt | find "/grldr. MBR"> the grub4dos project already exists in the NUL & Echo. & Echo BCD startup item, and no installation is required. & Pause & goto exit
Bcdedit/export "bcd_backup"> NUL
Bcdedit/create/D "% gname %"/Application bootsector> vid. ini
For,/F, "tokens = 3", % I, in (VID. INI) Do (
REM for,/F, "tokens = 2", % I, in (VID. INI) Do (
Set vid = % I
)
Echo % vid %> vid. ini
Bcdedit/set % vid % device boot> NUL
Bcdedit/set % vid % PATH/grldr. MBR> NUL
Bcdedit/displayorder % vid %/addlast> NUL
Bcdedit/timeout %> NUL
If exist grldr. MBR copy grldr. mbr c: // y & goto exit
Echo.
Echo later, copy grldr. MBR to the C:/root directory.
Echo.
Pause
: Exit
If you think there is a problem, you can use the manual method:
In Vista, you can use bcdedit, which is described in fujianabc's post. The excerpt is as follows:
Md a:/boot create a:/boot folder
Bcdedit/createstore A:/boot/BCD create a BCD File
Bcdedit/store a:/boot/BCD-create {bootmgr}/D "Boot manager" Create a startup Item loaded with bootmgr
Bcdedit/store a:/boot/BCD/create/D "bootsect"/Application bootsector this project uses bootmgr to load a bootsector item
Run the preceding command, return a {ID}, and then execute
Bcdedit/store a:/boot/BCD/set {ID} device boot
Bcdedit/store a:/boot/BCD/set {ID} path/grldr. MBR set the startup sector path and file name
Bcdedit/store a:/boot/BCD/displayorder {ID}/addlast Add the above settings
Of course, you also need to copy the grldr. MBR file in the attachment to C.
If the boot is normal, grldr. MBR runs, it will find and
When grldr is loaded, the effect is the same as installing grldr. MBR into MBR.

2. Load windows partitions:
Su
Mkdir/mnt/sda1
... (And so on)
Gedit/etc/fstab
Join:
/Dev/sda1/mnt/sda1 vfat iocharset = utf8, umask = 0 0 0
.....
The above vfat indicates the FAT file format, NTFS uses NTFS
Then mount-.
(Some people like to mount it to/media, so they are used to it)

3. Install the NVIDIA driver and find solutions for the Glx and NVIDIA modules.
(1) Installation
First download the official driver from www.nvidia.com (select a version suitable for you. Before gforce2 MX, you can only use 9631. According to the list of hardware supported by the client, gforce 2 and earlier video cards are not supported in Versions later than 9631 ). After installation with the official driver, X cannot be entered, prompting that the Glx and NVIDIA modules cannot be found, so Xorg is backed up. conf. backup overwrites Xorg. conf into X, search for NVIDIA in yumex, find the nvidia-x11-drv-96xx after installation, still error.
Later it was found that NVIDIA installed the module to the wrong location, so the solution was as follows:
Press a in the fedora menu item at startup, add the single parameter to enter the command line mode, and then execute the following command:
CD/usr/lib/Xorg/
Ln-S ../Xorg/lib
Then run the following command in the directory where the NVIDIA driver is located:
Sh NVIDIA-Linux-x86-1.0-9631-pkg1.run -- X-Prefix =/usr/lib/Xorg
After installation, restart and see the NVIDIA logo again.
If you are x86_64 F7, there are some changes to installing the NVIDIA Driver (thanks to yeair ):
CD/usr/lib64/Xorg/
Ln-S ../Xorg/lib64
Then run the following command in the directory where the NVIDIA driver is located:
Sh NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-1.0-9631-pkg1.run -- X-Prefix =/usr/lib64/Xorg
(2) Disable NVIDIA logo display.
After the system is started, you can run NVIDIA-settings to configure the video card.
Check whether OpenGL is Enabled:
Glxinfo | grep Rendering
Disable NVIDIA logo display (run as root ):
NVIDIA-xconfig -- no-logo
In this way, the NVIDIA logo will not be displayed when the system is started.

4. Add and set the yum source (see http://fedora.linuxsir.org/main? Q = node/132)
(1) Add livna Source:
Go to http://rpm.livna.org/to download the livna-release-7.rpm and install it.
(2) Add freshrpms source (APT and Yum supported ):
On the http://www.freshrpms.net page, click here to download the freshrpms-release-1.1-1.fc.noarch.rmp and install it.
There are also aptrpms source (APT supported) and ulyssis source. For the installation method, see the preceding address. Too many sources will affect the yum startup speed and may conflict. Generally, livna + freshrpms is installed. (if there is still a conflict, we recommend that you only install livna, you can also select a software repository in yumex or block freshrpm in it.
(3) Yum configuration file
The yum setting file is/etc/yum. conf. If the network is not smooth, you can modify the timeout parameter in the/etc/yum. conf file to set the timeout time to a little longer.
In yum, you can modify the file to shield the software source:
Modify/etc/yum. Repos. d/xxx. Repo and change enable = 1 to enable = 0.
Specify or remove the mirror of the software source:
You can remove relatively slow mirror in baseurl.
(4) automatically select the fastest Source
The speed of some mirror in yum is very slow. If Yum chooses this mirror, yum will be very slow at this time. For this reason, you can download the fastestmirror plug-in, it automatically selects the fastest mirror:
Yum install Yum-fastestmirror-y
Fastestmirror configuration file: (generally do not need to be moved)
/Etc/Yum/pluginconf. d/fastestmirror. conf
The speed test record file of your yum image:
/Var/Cache/Yum/timedhosts.txt
(5) use the yum
If the yum of the command line is inconvenient, you can use the graphical yumex, which looks more convenient, because you can freely choose the software Repository:
Yum install yumex
Then you can see Yum extender in the system tool.
In fact, the system's built-in "Add/delete programs" can also achieve graphical software installation, but some yumex features it does not.
(6) Yum existing lock error Solution
If Yum existing lock/var/run/yum. PID: Another copy is running as PID 3380. Aborting occurs when the system is started, you can use the following solution:
You can directly enter/etc/init. d/Yum-updatesd stop
You can also Rm-F/var/run/yum. PID
The main reason is that Yum can be automatically updated as long as it is disabled.

5. Font beautification (For details, refer to the appendix)
In fact, the font of fedora is already good, which is much better than that of ubuntu. The following describes how to beautify a Windows Font. The final effect is similar to that of WINXP (but there is still a difference ).
The simplest method is to download the Vera-sans-yuanti font from linuxfans. After downloading it, decompress it,
Copy the font file to/usr/share/fonts/TrueType/
Then FC-Cache-FV
Copy the local. conf file in the extracted directory to/usr/fonts/local. conf.
To support gtk-1.2, you also need to do the following:
# Cp gtkrc. zh_cn gtkrc. zh_CN.utf-8/etc/GTK/
Then set the font size in the font (the font should be the original default sans). I think it is nice to set it to 9, depending on my preferences.
Then press Ctrl + backspace to restart X.
Another method is to directly introduce the font in windows. Some settings are required after the introduction. Please search for the network and there are many posts.
Refer:
Http://www.linuxsir.org/bbs/showthre...85%A5%E6%B3%95

6. Configure multimedia
(1) to install a music player, you prefer audacious Winamp because you do not like it. Therefore, you can install audacious in yumex.
Audacious
Audacious-plugins
Audacious-plugins-extra (enable audacious to play MP3 and WMA)
Audacious-docklet (to minimize audacious to the tray, choose this item after installation)
Other plugin, depending on the need to choose the installation, pay attention to the choice of audacious-plugins-extra, do not select the nonfree-mp3, WMA, AAC, otherwise it will conflict.
Audacious itself supports reading cue, but to enable audacious to support ape, download the following plug-in:
Http://www.magiclinux.org/people/jia...-2mgc.i686.rpm
(2) install mplayer
Do not like totem (too far behind mplayer and kaffeien), so install mplayer,
Yum install mpalyer *
Download the win32codecs package to support inserting various types of videos. decompress the package and put it in/usr/lib/codecs. If the package is still unavailable, try mkdir/usr/lib/Win32, ln-S/usr/lib/codecs/usr/lib/Win32
If you like totem, we recommend that you delete totem and install totem-xine.
(3) If it is Kde, we recommend that you use Amarok + kaffeine, which is also quite good, but note that when kaffeine reads the Win32 decoding package, is/usr/lib/Win32.

7. Enable the automatic logon system:
Individual users are too lazy to enter the password at startup. You can set automatic login: System-> Management-> login screen-> Security-> Automatic Login can be set

8. System Optimization: Turn off the fedora services you don't need.
Turning off services that are useless to you can speed up startup and optimize performance.
See the false time post: http://www.linuxsir.org/bbs/showthread.php? T = 304624

9. Add the user to the sudo group without entering the password
Sometimes we only need to execute a command with the root permission to Su to the root, isn't it inconvenient? In this case, we can use sudo instead.
The Default User Created by fedora is not in The sudo group. You need to edit the/etc/sudoers file to add the user. The file can only use the mongodo command. First, you need to switch to the root
Su-(Note that there is-, which is different from Su. When the "Su" command is used, the system only switches to root, but does not pass the root environment variable, or the currently used environment variable. Use the "Su-" command to bring the environment variable together, just like root login)
Then
Mongodo
This is the same as VI usage. As some people may be unfamiliar with VI, let's take a brief look at the steps.
Move the cursor to the last line, press a, and enter the append mode.
Your_user_name all = (all)
Press ESC, enter W to save the file, and then exit Q.
In this way, you can add yourself to the sudo group and use the sudo command.
If you find it troublesome to enter the password during sudo, replace the entered password with the following content:
Your_user_name all = (all) nopasswd: All
As for security issues, I think this is also acceptable for individual users.

10. Use of browsers and download tools:
(1) opera
If you like opera, you can download the RPM package of operafor fedora from www.opera.com. After installation, you can use it directly, select the installed Vera sans yuanti and Vera sans yuanti mono as the font. You do not need to set the font as others.
(2) Firefox
Like Firefox recommendations to download swiftfox, to the http://getswiftfox.com according to their own CPU models download suitable for their own swiftfox, unzip it to use. The SELinux permission problem occurs when I decompress the package. The solution is to change SELinux to allow (permission) IN SYSTEM> Management> SELinux management, in this way, only warnings are given and its running will not be aborted. If you want to strictly use SELinux, you need to use the chcon command. I have never used it, and I am not familiar with it. It seems complicated.
Recommended Firefox extensions: downthemall (ultra-fast download tool), Tab mix plux (more convenient for viewing tabs), and mediawrap (allowing you to listen to songs embedded in webpages)
(3) download tool: If Firefox is used, downthemall is recommended. If opera is used, multiget is recommended (only one file is available, and you can double-click it to run it ).

11. Install Eva QQ
Currently, pidgin cannot be logged on, while EVA can. Besides, EVA can transfer files, which is better than other clients.
To begin
Then use the yum localinstall eva-0.4.1-5.fc6.y2.i386.rpm to install.
I double-click to directly install kdelibs, because kdelibs has been installed on my system before, so you can try the above command for those who have not installed kdelibs.

12. supported common document formats
PDF:
Install Acrobat Reader, either official or fedora-CN: ftp://ftp.fedora.cn/pub/fedora-cn/li...cn.y1.i386.rpm
You can also install xpdf and kpdf.
CHM:
Chmsee, kchmviewer (KDE), and gnochm (gnome)
MHT:
In Windows, many users prefer to save webpages in this format. in Linux, you can use opera to directly open webpages.

13. install network TV sopcast
Download the following two files:
Ftp://ftp.fedora.cn/pub/fedora-cn/li...cn.y0.i386.rpm
Ftp://ftp.fedora.cn/pub/fedora-cn/li...cn.y0.i386.rpm
After installation, gsopcast is added to the Internet menu (note that mplayer is used as the player by default ).
For Kde, please download qsopcast
Http://www.sopcast.com/cn/download

14. Install stardict
Yum install stardict
Note that only the stardict program is installed, and no dictionary is installed (mainly because the dictionary of stardict is basically pirated, so the major software sources are not included)
Install the dictionary to: http://stardict.sourceforge.net to download, you can also download and install the TTS Engine
If you do not want to install a dictionary, you may want to check it occasionally. I prefer to query words online.

15. Install Beryl
(1) Installation
First install the graphics card driver and confirm that the official driver has been installed:
$ Glxinfo | grep Rendering
Direct rendering: Yes
Then start Installation
Yum install Beryl-gnome or yum install Beryl-KDE
Or directly
Yum install Beryl (including KDE and gnome)
(2) possible problems:
First, test whether compiz desktop-Effects works properly.
Enter desktop-effects in the terminal, click Enable desktop effect in the displayed form, and select cube. If the cube is normal, Beryl is generally used.
If the following prompt appears:
Compiz: No sync Extension
Modify/etc/X11/Xorg. conf as follows:
In the "device" section: add
Option "addargbglxvisuals" "true"
Option "disableglxrootclipping" "true"
In module section: add
Load "extmod"
If it is ATI, join
Load "dri"
Finally, add the following to the moudel section:
Subsection "extmod"
Option "omit xfree86-dga"
Endsubsection
I encountered the following problems during the installation, and successfully solved the problem using the above method (if the problem occurs after the beryl is started. The form does not have a border. Check whether emerald is used. If not, modify the format as shown in the preceding figure to solve the problem ).
This is another Beryl setting solution, which is roughly the same. I have never tried it:
Modify the/etc/X11/Xorg. conf configuration file.
Back up the original configuration file CP Xorg. conf Xorg. conf. Bak, and add the module section in Xorg. conf.
Subsection "extmod"
Option "omit xfree86-dga"
Endsubsection
Add in device segment
Option "disableglxrootclipping" "true"
Option "addargbglxvisuals" "true"
Option "allowglxwithcomposite" "true"
Option "renderaccel" "true"
Add at the end of the configuration file
Section "extensions"
Option "composite" "enable"
Endsection

I am too lazy to write a lot of data. If you are free, try again.
Appendix: Opera & Firefox
Opera:
Http://www.linuxsir.org/bbs/attachme...1&d=1180880320
Firefox:
Http://www.linuxsir.org/bbs/attachme...1&d=1180880320